Kapangidwe anatomical ya impso ndi nephron

Mkodzo munthu amapereka excretion zinyansi nitrogenous kwaiye mu ndondomeko ya kagayidwe, ndi madzimadzi, nthawi magazi, buku magazi, muyezo asidi-m'munsi ndi bwino electrolyte. ziwalo chapakati dongosolo mkodzo ndi impso.

Taonani dongosolo la impso ndi. Impso zili symmetrically mbali zonse msana pa mlingo wa m'mawere kuti XII I-II wa linkawonongeka lumbar, retroperitoneal, atazunguliridwa ndi nkhungu wosanjikiza minofu mafuta. Aliyense impso kusiyanitsa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo pamalo, chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi mizati lateral ndi medial mbali. Pazipata mu impso izo alowa ndi masamba mtolo neurovascular. The impso bwino ili pang'ono m'munsimu kumanzere, amene amagwirizana ndi chiwindi ili pamwamba. Kapangidwe impso chololera kuyenda zochepa malo choimirira. Malo a impso zimatengera mtundu wa Malamulo anthu (hypersthenic, asthenic kapena normosthenic). Impso Chipata otaya mu mafupa a chiuno aimpso, yaikulu ndi yaing'ono makapu, komwe nsonga za mapiramidi aimpso mu mawonekedwe a papillae. Padziko papilla ali ndi bowo laling'ono mwa zomwe mkodzo adzamasulidwa.

Internal dongosolo impso ndi m'malo zovuta. Nephron - zofunika structural botolo la impso ndi, kupereka ntchito zawo. chiwerengero cha nephrons mu impso onse ndi miliyoni 3-4. nephron The wapangidwa ndi glomeruli mtima, tubules aimpso ndi makapisozi.

Kapangidwe ka impso ndi nephron

Pali mitundu iwiri ya nephrons - zachiphamaso kapena yokhudza kotekisi ndipo kwambiri kapena juxtaglomerular. The glomeruli juxtaglomerular ndi kuzungulira yaitali Henle, yomwe itha papilla ndi aimpso. Glomerular capillary endothelium yokutidwa ndi pores imene ultrafiltration mkodzo. Capillaries ndi glomeruli chapansi Kakhungu. maselo zaminyewa amafanana ziyangoyango ndi spikes kuti kuphimba kunja kwa capillary ndi. Njira kupanga chapansi Kakhungu, ali ndi udindo zovuta zina zosefera mkodzo ndi impso ntchito.

Mtima aimpso glomerulus anapanga capillaries, omwe analekana ndi kuchititsa ziwiya kubwereketsa arterioles capillary ndi sekondale gululi kotunga tubule. The zida juxtaglomerular lolunjika maselo wapadera yotulutsa renin. mankhwala wakhala kukhala wochitachita mu yokonza milingo magazi. Ambiri tubule lili medulla a impso. Chifukwa kumaliseche chotengera ndi kuchepera kwambiri imbaenda, mu glomeruli, munthu ndi kuthamanga (60 mamilimita Hg) ndi sefa amapezeka mu magazi madzi. Mbali yoyamba ya tubule glomerular mitundu kapisozi padziko Shymlanskaya-Bowman. mpira A ndi kapisozi wotchedwa aimpso kapena Malpighian corpuscle.

Mkodzo tubule ali ndi dongosolo zovuta. Molunjika zigawo tubules, kuzungulira wa Henle ndi sbornve mkodzo chubu ili mu medulla, ndi kumulowetsa zigawo tubular ili pafupi ndi glomeruli ndi mawonekedwe nawo impso kotekisi.

Kapangidwe impso zipangitsa kugwira ntchito anapitiriza. Mu gawo ili la ntchito glomerular, ndi zina - ndi pa mpumulo. magazi onse amene ali mu thupi la munthu, umayenda mwa impso mwa ora limodzi. Pakuti Sutoki umadutsa impso 1500-2000 malita a magazi. Gulu zinthu mkodzo makamaka kugwa mu magazi aimpso, koma ena anapanga mwachindunji mu impso, mwachitsanzo, ammonia ndi gipurovaya acid.

Ife kuwunikira kapangidwe ka impso - limba chachikulu cha dongosolo mkodzo, kupereka excretion katundu kagayidwe kachakudya ndi madzimadzi muyeso, komanso malamulo a homeostasis mkati mwa thupi la munthu.