Kodi chronometer? kusanthula zambiri

Nkhaniyi limafotokozera chimene chronometer, amene anapanga izo, chifukwa izo zofunikira ndi momwe ntchito chipangizo izi Masiku ano.

nthawi wakale

Kuyambira kale, anthu anaona kufunika kwa tanthauzo enieni kapena muyeso wa kutalika kwa nthawi. Ndipo ngati m'masiku a anthu wosazindikira popanda zinthu izi mwanjira ina, koma ife ankachitira, ndiye ndi chilengedwe cha chitukuko funso chikhalidwe chimene chinagwera ndi exigencies watsopano. Kupanda ulonda ndi zipangizo zina choyezera molondola nthawi yovuta kwambiri mbali zina za moyo. Ndipo ngati n'kulemba masiku panalibe vuto, mmene kukonza msonkhano? Kumene, mukhoza kuyenda ndi dzuwa, koma njira imeneyi ndi opanda ungwiro, ndipo si nthawi zonse nyengo bwino. Ndi zifukwa izi, ndipo anthu anali kuyesa kuyambitsa wotchi ndi analogs zace.

Woyamba chipangizo otere zinthu zakale wotchedwa wotchiyi inkagwira. chotengera ichi limene pang'onopang'ono ikudontha madzi, chifukwa zimene zimatengedwa adatchithisira ndi mwambo womaliza maphunziro. Kumene, chinthu choterocho ndi abwino okha kuyeza kutalika kwa nthawi.

Koma pamaso kuti makolo athu ntchito sundial, tingadziwe kuti malo a mthunzi zimasiyanasiyana, malingana ndi nthawi ya tsiku. Chabwino, ife ntchito penyani yomanga choyamba anayamba kupanga lalikulu zedi pa mapeto a Ages Middle. Iwo anali mtengo, lalikulu, osati aliyense akhoza kuzikwanitsa. Ndi kufunika izi sizinali - mzinda anamanga nsanja, pamene iye anaima penyani, ndipo aliyense anaona nthawi.

Komabe, mawotchi a yosiyanasiyana adakali ndi zolakwa, ndi zina mu 1731 wopanga mawotchi Harrison cholinga chowonera. Nanga ndi chronometer ndipo kodi izo?

tanthauzo

Malinga ndi terminology chronometer - wotchi yolondola kwambiri ndi zolakwa osachepera. Iwo ntchito kumene nthawi kapena kutalika n'kofunika kwambiri. Kuti tikhale chotero chipangizo ntchito kunyumba ndi zokhumudwitsa.

Mwachidule izi ndi maola mwachizolowezi, patsogolo ndiyo yolondola kwambiri, ndipo Iwowa ngopatulidwa zolephera zingapo. Choncho Harrison anali si amene anayambitsa maola, icho anawatenga iwo kumanga onse ndi angwiro pa nthawi imeneyo. Kotero tsopano ife kudziwa chomwe chronometer. Koma kodi ntchito?

ntchito

The drawback zofunika kwambiri pogwiritsa monga nthawi chronometer, poyamba anali mtengo wake. Popeza opanga wake amathera nthawi zambiri poyerekeza wotchi wamba. Kenako Harrison anatha kuchepetsa ndalama zawo, ndi chronometers zatchuka kwambiri. Woyamba, amene anayamikira nyota awo, kukhala oyendetsa. Masiku amenewo, tanthauzo la ufulu ndi longitude ikuchitika dzuwa, ndi chowonera zolondola anafunika kukonza nthawi ya dzuwa kapena atakalamba nyenyezi wathu. Mwachibadwa, molondola zambiri zinachitidwa, oyendetsa bwino anatsimikiza malo ake.

Kenako chipangizo ndi osiyanasiyana asayansi chidwi Mwachitsanzo, zakuthambo, amene anali kukhala molondola kwambiri kulemba zochitika iliyonse. Chotero ife tikumvetsa kuti wotchi amenewa.

pano

Chotero chipangizo lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka kuyenda pa zotengera mpweya kapena nyanja kupita, koma tsopano chronometer pafupifupi konse ntchito, kupatulapo kubwerera a. chakuti iye anali m'malo ndi zolondola ulonda khwatsi. Lang'anani, ndi navigation ngalawa ndi ndege akhala akuchite motsatira kachitidwe wailesi kapena Kanema. Koma ngati mukufuna kupitiriza, aliyense angathe kugula chipangizo monga chronometer a. mtengo wake zimasiyana, malingana ndi kukula, kalasi, yolinganizika ndi yokongola. Mwachitsanzo, chifanizo cha chronometer m'madzi MX 6 ndalama 31.000 Russian rubles. A ulonda zamakono chronometers Ulysse Nardin mtundu ofunika 300 000 zikwi. Koma mtengo wa Baibulo chosavuta akuyamba pa 1500 rubles.