Kodi TNT ofanana? Mphamvu ya bomba la nyukiliya

Nkhaniyi limafotokozera chimene TNT ofanana, pamene mayesero anali koyamba, iwo Anayesa, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani mukufuna tanthauzo amenewa.

kuyambira

The zachiwawa yoyamba, amene anakomana anthu ndi onga. Izo zinali kupangidwa ku China m'chiyambi cha nthawi yathu ino, koma kwa nthawi yaitali anali ntchito monga filler kwa makombola ndi mapulogalamu ena zosangalatsa. Izo zinali kokha mu Ages Middle, kunakhala mbali ya pafupifupi onse nkhondo.

Koma pachiyambi cha m'ma XX m'malo mwake anapita ena mabomba, zambiri zamphamvu, otetezeka komanso zothandiza. Ndipo mmodzi wa iwo, ntchito lero, ndi trinitrotoluene kapena TNT. Izo kotero chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana zinthu zimene wakhala muyeso wa TNT ofanana kwa zochitika mkulu-mphamvu, monga mabomba a mabomba ena, zotsatira za kugwa kwa miyala yochokera kugwa ndithudi, mabomba a nyukiliya. Izi zachitika chifukwa mayiko mawerengedwe, panali mtundu wa chilengedwe chingwe unit. Koma zinthu oyamba.

nyengo atomiki

Kumayambiriro 50 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, dziko anapatsidwa latsopano ndi wokhala mu zida zake mphamvu zochokera oipa mphamvu maatomu ureniamu, ndipo kenako nyukiliyazo basi.

Kunena mwachidule, woyamba atomiki bomba ntchito mfundo mwachilungamo wophweka "Cannon". Izo ndiye kunafunika mu njira imeneyi kuyeza mabomba awo monga TNT. zidutswa ziwiri za kwambiri Polemeretsedwa ureniamu anaikidwa mu dzenje "chubu" mosiyana ndi mzake, ndi pa nthawi yoyenera kukumba mankhwala zachiwawa anakumana nawo ndi gulu lalikulu, potero kuti Kuyambitsa unyolo zimene azingokhala maatomu ureniamu, limodzi ndi wautali kwambiri mphamvu kuphulika. Mwachitsanzo, TNT ofanana nyukiliya chida Hiroshima ranged ku kilotons 13 18. Koma kodi iye ankatanthauza chiyani?

mtengo

Malinga ndi kukhazikitsidwa boma la lakuti, ndi TNT ofanana lagawidwa mfundo zotsatirazi:

• G.
• Makilogalamu.
• Omveka.
• Kt (zikwi matani).
• Megaton (tonnes miliyoni).

Kumbali chosavuta, yokwana TNT - ndicho m'mene mukufunira kubwereza chinthu chimodzimodzi inaphulika kapena zochitika - chiphala zotupa, etc ...

Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki

August 6, 1945 anali woyamba, ndipo mwamwayi, otsiriza enieni kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya nkhondo. A bomba la nyukiliya mu Hiroshima anakhala mavutowa anthu ake, chifukwa, ngati chida ina zoopsa, izo sasiyanitsa pakati pa anthu wamba ndi asilikali. Kuphulika pafupifupi kuwonongeratu mzindawo.

Ngakhale kuti mfundo luso view, kamangidwe ka bomba sanali wangwiro. Chifukwa cha unyinji wonse ntchito ya ureniamu akuwaza sizinabala% 1 yekha. Mwina chinthu ichi amalola kupewa ovulala kwambiri.

A bomba la nyukiliya mu Hiroshima mpaka tsopano patatha zaka makumi ambiri, nkhani ya mkangano za kufunikira kwake ndipo ngakhale kulungamitsidwa, chifukwa kupha mantha chiwerengero cha anthu wamba, ndipo ambiri kumanzere wopunduka moyo chifukwa cha wamphamvu kung'anima kuwala, limene kwa mphindi anatentha nyumba ndi incinerates anthu .

Patangotha masiku atatu tsoka ofanana ankavutika okhala Nagasaki.

Pali maganizo olakwika kuti akavalo awa kuika mabomba ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World ndi mphamvu US. Koma izi sizili choncho. Iwo okha ubweretse mapeto mwamsanga wotopa ya mfumu Japanese Army, omwe anali kumenyana ziŵiri, ndi United States mu Pacific ndi USSR ku Far East.

Kuphulika kwa TNT mabomba tinalandira Hiroshima, ranged ku matani 13 mpaka 18 zikwi za TNT (kt) ndi Nagasaki - 21 kilotons.

maatomu Mtendere

Kuwonjezera zida za nyukiliya "kuthetsa" chuma nyukiliya kwa anthu ndi pafupifupi zopanda malire mphamvu mu mawonekedwe a mathanki a yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira turbines yaikulu nthunzi kupereka magetsi m'mizinda yonse, mathero yaying'ono radioisotope, otchedwa RTGs umene pa zaka Soviet, chimagwiritsidwa opangidwa ndi atumikira lighthouses mphamvu siteshoni kafukufuku Arctic. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti akanagwiritsa ntchito kokha zaka izi, makamaka iwo kulondera. Izo zinapangitsa kuti anthu am'deralo akhama anayesa chikudutsa RTGs kwa zidutswa.

Mwamwayi, ndi nkhondo, amene kotero adawopa mu nthawi ya nkhondoyo pakati pa USSR ndi USA, sizinatheke. Ndipo arsenals nyukiliya ziridi muyeso njira, lomwe likuletsa dziko ndi chiwonongeko mwagwirizana kapena chiyambi cha watsopano nkhondoyo.

zinthu zina

Mphamvu ya TNT komanso ntchito osati pofotokoza yotsatira kupha mlandu nyukiliya. Izo kuchokera zotsatira chammwamba, mabomba, ndi mabomba chiphala mabomba zina. muyeso izi zikusonyeza chinthu mphamvu kapena ofooka kuposa TNT. Mwachitsanzo, ufa mphamvu 0,55-0,66, ammonal - 0,99 hexogen - TNT 1.3-1.6.