Ndi zopangitsa za zopangitsa mkati katulutsidwe kodi? Ntchito ya zopangitsa za endocrine

The ntchito ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe ndi mgwirizano ndi zifukwa zenizeni mkati. Ndiyamika limagwirira bwino yolongosoka, thupi la munthu molondola ndi nthawi kuyankha nzothandiza lapansi. Endocrine dongosolo uli mmodzi wa udindo waukulu mu njira izi.

Maziko a dongosolo lino ndi zopangitsa endocrine. Kuti ayenera amati ndi zopangitsa za katulutsidwe mkati, ndi kuwachitira khansa ya mu ubongo ndi zimene zinkachitika pa ntchito yawo tingaone - zafotokozedwa pansipa.

Kachitidwe endocrine ndi zochititsa

Endocrine zida anapereka maselo ntchito, zomwe zina zili isanafalikire, kupanga thupi, ndi ena - mwaulere omwazika boma. Matupi a dongosolo anacemerwa zopangitsa endocrine. The peculiarity wa thunthu lawo ndi kuti ducts excretory, zomwe zimachitika chiphaso umatulutsa secretions, lotseguka mkati thupi.

Ntchito yake zolimbana mwa dongosolo endocrine amachita pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zenizeni - mahomoni. mankhwala awa ali ofunika zimagwirira ntchito koyenera kuti kugwira ntchito mokwanira za chamoyo wonse.

Ntchito ya zopangitsa za endocrine

Pambuyo kukhudzana ndi mahomoni mu mtsempha wa magazi, dongosolo lymphatic kapena madzimadzi cerebrospinal, iwo anayamba kuchita monga catalysts. Ntchito yaikulu ya zopangitsa za endocrine zachokera njira zotsatirazi:

• nawo kagayidwe;
• mgwirizano thupi ndi anzake onse a machitidwe ake;
• kukhalabe olimba atadziŵa zikuchitika kunja;
• lamulo njira kukula;
• ulamuliro zosiyanasiyana kugonana;
• nawo ntchito maganizo ndi m'maganizo.

Yogwira zinthu zimene kwaiye dongosolo la zopangitsa endocrine, zinthu zenizeni, komanso aliyense wa iwo ali ndi ntchito yeniyeni. Mahomoni zinthu thupi ndi zofunika zinthu physico-mankhwala. Izi zimachitika malinga zinthu constituent chakudya ingested, ndi magawo wapakatikati a kagayidwe.

Mahomoni amakonda bwanji ntchito ziwalo kutali ndi zopangitsa, ndiye kuti anali kutali ndi chandamale. Chinthu china n'chakuti kusintha kutentha sikumangotikhudza machitidwe a mankhwala yogwira.

The zopangitsa a dongosolo endocrine

Kuti endocrine ndi zopangitsa zikuphatikizapo pituitary, parathyroid ndi chithokomiro, kapamba, zopangitsa adrenal, mazira ndi testes, pineal England.

Chithokomiro, adrenal kotekisi ndi gonads ankaona kuti azidalira ntchito yawo ndi pituitary ndi pituitary mahomoni monga chimakhudza machitidwe a zopangitsa.

Onse a England si nkhalango, kuti kosamugonjera pituitary lapansi.

Nawa zopangitsa onse endocrine. Tebulo kumasonyezanso malo ziwalo ndi mahomoni kuti iwo amapanga.

ubongo England

Kuti endocrine ndi zopangitsa zikuphatikizapo pituitary ndi pineal England. Tiyeni tione ntchito ya aliyense wa iwo.

The pituitary England lili Turkey chishalo ubongo zimatetezedwa ndi kutsogolo mafupa chishalo achigaza. iyo ili imatengedwa chiyambi cha njira zonse kagayidwe kachakudya zikuchitika mu thupi. Amakhala ndi magawo awiri, omwe amapangira yeniyeni yogwira mankhwala:

• Front - zapambuyo pituitary;
• kumbuyo - neurohypophysis.

Onse magawo ndi yoyenda yokha ndi mzake, chifukwa iwo ali osiyana innervation, kufalitsidwa ndi kugwirizana kwa mbali zina za ubongo.

gawo limodzi la pituitary England zonse umabala antidiuretic timadzi, kapena vasopressin. Ntchito zinthu izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kuti munthu, chifukwa akulamulira bwino madzimadzi ndi ntchito ya tubules ndi aimpso. Pamene antidiuretic timadzi akulowa m'magazi, impso kuyamba kusunga madzi m'thupi, pamene kucheperachepera kuchuluka kwake - kupereka malo ake akunja.

Oxytocin pamene - ndi "mkazi" timadzi, komanso kupezeka anthu. ntchito Yake akuwonetseredwa mu luso la chiberekero kuti zimachititsanso kuti akatumba yogwira, ndiye thunthu udindo ndi ntchito zabwino. timadzi limeneli nawo ndondomeko kuchotsa latuluka postpartum ndi mkaka wa m'mawere atabereka.

Zapambuyo pituitary ndi udindo woyang'anira ntchito za ena zopangitsa za endocrine. Kodi zopangitsa za endocrine ali ndi malamulo a Lobe zapambuyo a dongosolo pituitary ndi katundu Zachitikiranji zimenezi?

1. Chithokomiro - ntchito yake mwachindunji amadalira chithokomiro-zolimbikitsa timadzi.
2. Adrenal zopangitsa - milingo malamulo a adrenocorticotropic timadzi m'magazi.
3. Gonads - ntchito zawo chikoka FSH ndi LH.
4. Prolactin - ndi timadzi wa pituitary zapambuyo, kumene kumakhudza ntchito ya zopangitsa za mammary pa mkaka wa m'mawere. Growth timadzi - mankhwala amene ntchito ndi agwirire kukula thupi ndi chitukuko, komanso nawo mapuloteni biosynthesis.
5. Mahomoni ya England pineal (pineal England) ali nawo lamulo la biorhythms anthu tsiku ndi tsiku, yotithandiza chitetezo cha m'thupi, kuchepetsa azivutika maganizo ndi magazi, kuchepetsa shuga milingo magazi.

Chithokomiro ndi parathyroid zopangitsa

Kuti endocrine ndi zopangitsa monga mabele ndi parathyroid. Iwo m'dera lina - pa msinkhu wa chichereŵechereŵe yachiwiri ya trachea ndi.

mahomoni chithokomiro amaonedwa yodovmestitelnymi yogwira zinthu - triiodothyronine, thyroxine. Iwo nawo kagayidwe, ndi zonse mlingo wa shuga kutengedwa ndi maselo ndi kuphwanya mafuta. Calcitonin Sachita zimatiyika kashiamu m'magazi.

Ntchito yaikulu ya timadzi parathyroid ndipo akuchokera kutukula ntchito za dongosolo ubongo ndi minofu ndi mafupa, amene zimatheka ndi kuwonjezeka mlingo kashiamu mu thupi ndi kutengedwa ake ndi maselo.

makhalidwe zinchito za kapamba

ulamuliro ntchito osati dongosolo endocrine, komanso m'mimba lapansi. ntchito m'thupi imagwiridwa ndi anthu otchedwa Zilumba za Langerhans, zomwe zili mu mchira wa England pa. Zilumba zimenezi wapangidwa mitundu angapo khungu, amene amasiyana kapangidwe ndi mahomoni kuti iwo amapanga:

• maselo Alpha: kutulutsa timadzi glucagon (nthawi zimam'patsa kagayidwe);
• maselo beta: kupanga mankhwala (amachepetsa chiwerengero cha shuga m'magazi);
• ankadziwana maselo: katulutsidwe wa somatostatin;
• maselo epsilon: adzatulutsa "njala" timadzi ghrelin.

The zopangitsa adrenal timadzi awo

Iron ndi wosanjikiza kunja maselo (yokhudza kotekisi gawo) ndipo mkati (oziziritsa gawo). Chiwalo umabala mwini zenizeni zinthu zake yogwira. Yodziwika kotekisi m'badwo wa glucocorticoids ndi mineralocorticoids. mahomoni awa wakhama mu njira kagayidwe kachakudya.

Zikuwonjezereka masiku ano - timadzi mkati mankhwala kuti ndi udindo wamanjenje dongosolo. Ndi kuwonjezeka lakuthwa ndalama zake m'magazi limapezeka tachycardia, matenda oopsa, mydriasis, ndi kumanga minofu. Norepinephrine apanga monga mumtima wosanjikiza maselo adrenal. Zimenezi umalimbana kutsegula kwa parasympathetic dongosolo ntchito mantha.

gonads

Kuti zopangitsa za endocrine alinso testes ndi thumba losunga mazira. mahomoni opangidwa ndi iwo ali ndi udindo uziyenda yachibadwa cha ziwalo zoberekera. Kwa amayi ndi kucha nthawi, mimba ndi ntchito. Male mahomoni komanso ali ndi udindo zikamera ndi kusasitsa wa makhalidwe kugonana.

Ntchito ya zopangitsa za endocrine zochokera patsogolo ndi chigamulocho links. Testes ndi thumba losunga mazira ndi gulu la matupi nkhalango, chifukwa ntchito yawo ndi mwachindunji amadalira pituitary zapambuyo.

Olakwa ambiri za ntchito ya dongosolo endocrine

Anthu ambiri molakwa kuti chitsulo onse thupi la munthu angatchedwe endocrine.

Ngati mudzapempha funso lotsatira: "kuti endocrine ndi zopangitsa ndi zopangitsa mammary" zomwe zimatsatira yankho yotsimikizika - palibe. zopangitsa Mammary a gulu la ziwalo excretory, kuti ndi ducts awo excretory lotseguka kwa kunja, osati mkati thupi. Komanso, zopangitsa mammary sabala mahomoni zawo.

A yankho zoipa adzakhala pa funso lakuti: "ku zopangitsa za katulutsidwe mkati ndi zopangitsa kuichotsa?" Kuchokera mu maganizo a mankhwala, zopangitsa lacrimal, komanso mkaka, sikuli kwa dongosolo endocrine, chifukwa iwo alibe mwayi kukhala zinthu timadzi-yogwira.