Ntchito yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe

Science kuti amaphunzira zochitika matenthedwe - ndi yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe. Physics amaona munthu zigawo zake, amene amalola kudzatunga zinthu zina zochokera thunthu mu mawonekedwe a dongosolo maselo.

Yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe, tanthauzo la zimene anamanga pa maziko a mfundo anachokera empirically, sikuti ntchito nzeru anasonkhanitsa za mkati kapangidwe ka nkhani. Komabe, nthawi zina sayansi amagwiritsa maselo-kayendedwe chitsanzo zowoneka Mwachitsanzo apeza.

Thandizo yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe - malamulo onse a njira zikuchitika pa kusintha mphamvu ikukhudzana komanso katundu wa dongosolo macroscopic, amene amaona mu muyezo. The chododometsa kwambiri mu zipangizo zovuta, ndi mwakufuna kutentha makhalidwe a ziwalo zanga zonse.

Zofunika kwambiri thermodynamic mfundo ndi mphamvu mkati, amene ali thupi iliyonse. Pali mbali ya. Maselo kayendedwe mankhwala a mphamvu mkati ndi mtengo umene uli Uwerenge ntchito kayendedwe ka tinthu ndipo maatomu, komanso zomwe angathe kuti zimachitika pakati pa iwo. Choncho lamulo, lotseguka Joule. chitsimikiziro ake adadza zatsopano angapo. Iwo atsimikizira chakuti, makamaka mpweya abwino ali ndi mphamvu mkati akutulukira ku ntchito kayendedwe wa onse particles ake amene ali kuyenda wachisokonezo ndi mwachisawawa mchikakamizo cha kutentha.

Ntchito yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe zimasintha ntchito za thupi. Impact mphamvu okhudza mphamvu mkati mwa dongosolo akhoza kukhala zabwino ndi zoipa. Anthu milandu kumene Mwachitsanzo, gaseous amaloŵamo ndondomeko psinjika, amene amapangidwa mu cylindrical kuthamanga chotengera pisitoni mphamvu kuchita pa izo, wodzipangitsa mtundu wa ntchito, yodziwika ndi zabwino phindu. Imodzi, ndi achepe. Gasi amachita kuchita pa pisitoni ali ndi ntchito zoipa mtengo chomwecho. Zochita umatulutsa mankhwala ndi mwachindunji amadalira m'dera kupezeka kwa pisitoni ndi, kusuntha izo, komanso kuthamanga kwa thupi. Ntchito yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe, womwe wapangidwa ndi mpweya ndi pa nthawi kukula ndi psinjika - negative. Mtengo wa zimenezi ndi zogwirizana mwachindunji kuti njira imene kusintha wakhala anapanga vuto ndi malo koyamba kuti chomaliza.

Ntchito thermodynamics zolimba ndi zakumwa amakhala ndi chakuti iwo kwangochepetsako pang'ono chabe kusintha voliyumu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, asilikali amene amadza chifukwa nthawi zambiri kuwasamalira. Komabe, zotsatira za ntchito ya thunthu la ntchito mwina kusintha zochita zake mkati. Mwachitsanzo, pamene tikubooleza mbali zitsulo pali ponso kutentha awo. Zimenezi ndi pangano kukula kwa mphamvu mkati. Komanso, ndondomeko izi sizingasinthe, chifukwa n'zosatheka kuchita zosiyana.
Ntchito yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe amatanthauza amafotokoza zedi thupi. muyeso wake zichitike joules. Mtengo wa chizindikiro ichi mwachindunji amadalira njira imene dongosolo apita koyamba boma chomaliza. kanthu Izi sizikhudza kuti ntchito za boma thupi. Ndi ntchito ya ndondomekoyi.

Ntchito yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe, tanthauzo limene limapanga ndi mitunduyi, ndi kusiyana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa kutentha nimuponye ndi retracted mu nthawi ya kuzungulira chatsekedwa. Ukulu wa index chimadalira pa mtundu wa ndondomeko. Ngati dongosolo lokwana mphamvu yake, ndiye kuti amachita zotsatira zabwino, ndipo ngati likukhalira - ndi negative.