Kukula kwa mawu mu gulu loyamba wamng'ono. Makalasi pa chitukuko chinenero mu sukulu

Iwo - zofunika kwambiri maganizo ntchito ya anthu. Mothandizidwa ndi mawu tikulimbana ndi anthu amene akuimira odetsedwa, timatcha zinthu ndi zochitika, kulimbikitsa zimene yekha ndi ena. Iwo kumatanthauza kuthetsa mavuto aluntha.

N'chifukwa chiyani tifunika kukhala izo mwa ana

Mwini wa kulankhula coherent amathandiza ana kumanga ubale ndi achinyamata ndi achikulire omwe, momasuka maganizo awo, yosewera ndi kuchita zina zimene olowa. ana a m'sukulu za pulayimale, chitukuko chinenero yowalanga chifukwa, chabwino akuwerenga ndi retells ntchito mwanzeru analemba mosavuta kuthetsa mavuto masamu, amapereka mayankho mwatsatanetsatane mafunso aphunzitsi.

Kodi ndi liti pamene chitukuko cha mawu

chitukuko Language bwino kuyamba ndi kubadwa kwa mwana. Kale mu mwana wakhanda cholekanitsa kulankhula kwa anthu ku otaya mawu ena, mverani akulu adati, kuyesera kutsanzira zimene anamva. Mpaka chaka mwanayo "mbedza" (walankhula zikumveka ofanana [ga], [K], [x]), "coo", kung'ung'udza, ndipo pambuyo wozungulira tsiku lake loyamba amayesetsa kutchula mawu.

Mu ana sukulu kulankhula yowalanga pafupi. Watanthauzo ntchito pa mapangidwe luso mawu kumayambira magulu zaka oyambirira. Kukula kwa mawu mu gulu loyamba wamng'ono - mmodzi wa ntchito yofunika kwambiri yophunzitsa, yankho la potsata kuphunzira mwanayo madzi a zotsatirazi zaka.

ntchito kulankhula akufotokozera mu ndondomeko ya kulankhulana. Kumvetsa mmene munthu amene akuwasamalira chitukuko kulankhula ana, m'pofunika kuganizira mitundu ya kulankhulana yeniyeni sanayambebe kupita kusukulu.

Mafomu kulankhulana ubwana

Ponena wakhanda, ali mwana ndipo oyambirira sukulu zaka asayansi olekanitsidwa situational pandekha, malonda situational, outsituative chidziwitso ndi outsituative mitundu munthu kulankhulana. Woyamba amapezeka mu chaka choyamba cha moyo, mwana limapezeka kuchira zovuta. Mwana amaphunzira akulu pafupi, zachimwemwe, uku akukupiza zolembera. Nthawi imeneyi, amayi, abambo ndi achibale ena n'kofunika kuuza mwana wanu, kuimba iye songs, uzani nazale rhymes.

About situationally-malonda kulankhulana n'koyenera kunena pamene mwana akhoza kukhala ndi kuphunzira kucheza ndi zinthu: kugwedeza ndi kulira, wavala kyubu pa kyubu, wavala chidutswa chimodzi msampha wina. Wamkulu chimasonyeza njira kanthu limalimbikitsa mwana.

Outsituative kulankhulana chidziwitso akuyamba ndi zaka 2-3 pamene pipsqueak akakufunsani nkhani zokhudza dziko. mayankho wamkulu kuthandiza kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano ndi kukula. Kuchepetsa chidwi kwa mwanayo chitsogozo cha ubale pakati pa anthu, malo ndi udindo wa mwamuna anthu limasonyeza maonekedwe outsituative zake kulankhulana. Kufunitsitsa kulankhula pa nkhani akuwonekera ndi zaka 6-7.

Kukula kwa mawu mu gulu loyamba wamng'ono

Gulu loyamba la ana ang'onoang'ono nawo zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Chifukwa mu m'badwo uno pali kusinthika kuchokera ku ntchito situational kuti outsituative kulankhulana chidziwitso, chitukuko kulankhula ana ikuchitika m'kupita kwa kukambirana. Mphunzitsi analankhula ndi ophunzira kuti kodi ntchito yawo ya masomphenya. Nyenyeswa akuphunzira kumvetsa ndi kudzapereka malangizo a aphunzitsi, zopempha anzawo, zopanga mawu awo.

mphunzitsi akuphunzitsa ophunzira molondola athandize phokoso la [a], [pa], [Y], [u], [m] [mamita], [b], [N] [N] [mamita], [D], [K] [r Mukhoza], [a], [f], kusewera kamvekedwe, tempo, kayimbidwe kotani kulankhula chitsanzo, mawu kuyan'ana kupuma.

Mlangizi zambiri kayankhulidwe ka ana. Kuwonjezera manauni - maina a zidole, zovala, zinthu tableware, mkati, analowa adjectives ( "woyera chikho"), kasewenzetsedwe ka mau, adverbs ( "chikho ndi pa tebulo"), prepositions ( "Olga wodyera ndi").

Imatiuza kuti ana ndi mbali derivational chinenero ( "kalipeti ndi pansi," "kulira maseche"), generalization ( "zidole", "zovala", "mbale"). Onomatopoeic mawu ndi opepuka ( "Aa-AW", "BBC"), m'malo mwa lofala ( "galu", "galimoto").

Dongosolo kalembedwe wa kulankhula wa ana - komanso nkhani ya nkhawa mphunzitsi. Motsogozedwa ndi mphunzitsi ana:

• kusintha manauni ndi chiwerengero ndi mlandu ( "supuni imodzi - zambiri spoons"), kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kwa munthu ndi chiwerengero ( "ndipita, ndipo iwe upite - tipite"), nthawi ( "Tengelelani akupita, Anabwera kudzachitira");
• kuphunzira ntchito kuyesetsa verebu ( "Bunny, ndidzakhala kuvina");
• kupanga dzina diminutive ( "chidole", "makina");
• kumanga ziganizo yosavuta zovuta ( "zidole ankafuna kugona, ndipo ndinaika wake kukagona").

Mitundu ya ntchito pa chitukuko cha mawu

Kukula kwa mawu m'munda Izo zikuchitika pa magawo mwapadera bungwe ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndi ana zaka 2-3 mphunzitsi masewera osiyana, kupereka nyenyeswa kuchita kokoka mawu, limatiuza nkhani, amaloweza nazale rhymes ndi ndakatulo yochepa. Makalasi ikuchitikira pa subgroups.

nkhani mphunzitsi ndi ana m'mawa koyenda, kusewera, patapita kugona kapena ena nthawi ufulu. Kukambirana zimachitika zokha kapena anakonza (mphunzitsi amaika ntchito kubwereza anaphunzira ndakatulo, automate unrecoverable phokoso, ndi zina zotero. D.). Ngati mphunzitsi akulankhula mwana mmodzi, ndiye ndi ntchito payekha. Choncho ndi chitukuko cha kulankhula ana.

ndalama kulankhula lobwera

Kudzera chitukuko cha mawu mu gulu loyamba wamng'ono monga zidole, zithunzi, mabuku, masewera ophunzitsa ndi ntchito, olimbitsa chala. Pa chitukuko cha munthu kulankhula mawu abwino chidwi ndi otetezeka chidole, koma zimakhala zosavuta ndi zosavuta ndi zida chisanadze okonzeka. Mwachitsanzo, kuphunzitsa chidole. Ichi ndi chidole wamba, koma Ufumuyo waika zovala nyengo zosiyana, chidole mbale, Chalk, mipando yaulemu, katundu wa m'nyumba ndi zina zotero. D. zidole monga anthu ndiponso zidole zisudzo.

Images anawagawa nkhani ndi nkhani. The zinthu choyamba akuonetsedwa kapena zinthu zachilengedwe, pa chachiwiri - mu chochitika chilichonse (ana kusewera mu sandbox, dalaivalayo achititsa galimoto, etc ...). Komanso, pali zithunzi za anthu, nyama.

Mu m'badwo uno ntchito chitukuko cha mawu ntchito ndi A. Barto, E. Blaginin, Z. Aleksandrova, olemba ana ena ndi alakatuli mitundu yochepa folklore ana.

Didactic kuitana masewera, amene bungwe ndi aphunzitsi ndi cholinga kuphunzitsa ana. Kulankhula Zochita komanso kuganizira maphunziro, koma iwo alibe zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse za masewera (masewera vuto, chiwembu, malamulo). Pa nthawi ya olimbitsa chala ophunzira amaloweza lemba la yochepa ndakatulo kapena nazale nyimbo ndi kuchita kayendedwe dzanja. Zotsatira ndi m'madera ubongo ndi mawu galimoto ili pafupi, kotero yaikulu mmodzi wa iwo imayendetsa wina.

Perekani zitsanzo za olimbitsa chala, masewera didactic ndi ntchito za chitukuko cha mawu mu gulu loyamba wamng'ono.

1. Zala anapanga mu uzitsine, ngati izo zinali burashi. The mwana imayenda dzanja mmwamba ndi pansi, kuti, "A burashi utoto zofewa mpando ndi gome, ndi mphaka Masha."

2. "Slizhov kupanikizana milomo." mphunzitsi limapereka ana kuti ayerekeze kuti iwo anali pa milomo ya kupanikizana, ndipo izo ziyenera kunyambita. Ana kupanga magulu khalidwe lilime. Chitani kumawonjezera sayenda lilime, motero lachindunji kuposa articulation.

3. "Ndani ali kuseri kwa mtengo wa pa Khirisimasi." Wophunzitsa limasonyeza chithunzi, limene nyama zobisika kuseri kwa mtengo Khirisimasi, zooneka yekha michira nyama. Ana kudziwa amene anabisala.

4. "Chanterelle, uyenera kuvina." Kids akufunsidwa kuti chidole nkhandweyo kuvina. Ngati mtundu wa mneni amene akudya molondola, ndiye khalidwe akukana kuchita kanthu, ndipo pempho anakonza mwana wina. Fox kuvina, ndi mawu a ana amaimira phokoso la zoimbira.

Njira ndi luso chitukuko chinenero

The njira zoyambirira za chitukuko chinenero pa m'badwo uno - kukambirana. ana Kulimbikitsa kukambirana, aphunzitsiwo anafunsa ubereki ( "Ndani?" "Ndi chiyani icho?"), Ndipo kufufuza mafunso ( "chake mu chithaphwi msewu?" "Bwanji kuvala chipewa?"), makope kumapangitsa achinyamata, achikulire ( "funsani Masha, kaya ndi kusewera nafe ").

The njira zotsatirazi - nkhani. Nkhani za mphunzitsi ayenera waung'ono voliyumu, chidwi ndi nkhani. Mwachitsanzo: "Anyamata, penyani chimene ndili ndi chidole wokongola. Dzina lake ndi Kate. Katya zofewa, fluffy tsitsi, maso bulauni, bulauzi woyera ndi mabatani ndi zokongola sundress. "

Kulankhula chitukuko cha ana komanso kumathandiza kuti mabukuwo. Unikirani kuwerenga ndakatulo ndi nazale rhymes ndi mtima, akuuza yochepa nkhani. Ngati ntchito ndi bwino kuti ana, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira kuti negotiated. mphunzitsi akuyamba mawu, ndi ophunzira wathunthu:

Tanja wathu mokweza ... (akulira)

Ine ndinagwetsa mumtsinje ... (mpira).

Popeza nyenyeswa akadali sindikudziwa momwe kuganiza popanda, sukulu chinenero chitukuko ndi osakaniza njira wapakamwa ndi fanizo: chionetsero cha zidole, zithunzi yaing'ono, mafanizo buku, zina zachidule za zidole ndi mthunzi zisudzo.

njira zothandiza - gulu la masewera didactic ndi ntchito monga mmene tafotokozera pamwambapa.

Pokonzekera chitukuko cha mawu

chitukuko Language ku sukulu zachokera dongosolo yaitali, omwe ndi mphunzitsi malinga ndi pulogalamu maphunziro ku sukulu ya mkaka kapena chikalata ena ndondomeko. dongosolo yaitali kuti akatunge mndandanda kapena tebulo. Lembani dzina la mweziwo, mutu ndi ochititsa mwambowu phunziro. dongosolo CHITSANZO kaonedwe tikuonera Table 1.

Table 1. dongosolo yaitali ntchito October

Pamaziko a dongosolo yaitali wasenza ndondomeko za chitukuko ya kulankhula. Kuwonjezera pa mfundo ndi makalasi pulogalamu okhutitsidwa Chidule limasonyeza zinthu ntchito (zidole, zithunzi, ndi zina zotero. D.), anafotokoza ntchito kuyambirira (ngati imachitika), mwatsatanetsatane utoto replicas ndi kanthu mphunzitsi ananena mayankho ana. Chidule - ndi mtundu wa dongosolo. chitukuko kulankhula amapezeka systemically. Akatswiri Young analemba-kufalitsidwa akulongosola zolinga aphunzitsi okwanira dongosolo yaitali.

Ayamikira kwa makolo pankhani chinenero ana

Chitukuko chinenero mu gulu loyamba wamng'ono Sizikudziŵika wophunzitsa kosakwanira. Zimadalira makolo a mwanayo ndi achibale. Aphunzitsi amalangiza makolo nthawi zambiri kulankhula ndi ana, kukambirana mafunso osiyanasiyana ( "N'chifukwa kukula duwa?" "Kodi mtundu uli kumwamba?", "Kudyetsa Kodi mphaka?" Ndipo zotero. D.).

akulu iyenera kukhala yomveka bwino ndiponso amtengo mokweza. Inu simungakhoze kukopera mawu a mwanayo, kutchula mawu monga zimapangitsa mwana.

Mothandizidwa ndi makolo awo akhoza kuimba zidole limasonyeza pankhani bwino ntchito kuloweza yochepa ndakatulo. A mndandanda wa mabuku ndi malemba a ndakatulo akuwasamalira amayika ngodya kholo.

Ziyenera kukhala tcheru nkhani ana. Ngati simungathe yomweyo kukwaniritsa chidwi mwana, ndiye yankho akhonza kupatsidwa kenako kuyang'ana kwa mfundo zoyenera mabuku.

Ndi mawu a mwanayo apatsidwe thandizo mosamala kwambiri, kuti litsatira ayamikira yosamalira funsani kulankhula dokotala ngati n'koyenera.