Kumene akubwera Pike mchira? zomera kwawo ndipo katundu wofunika

Aliyense wa ife, ngakhale kukhala kutali ndi maluwa m'nyumba, zosavuta kuzindikira dzina duwa. Kumene, n'zovuta analankhula sayansi dzina sansevieriya si tsutsa, komanso kukumbukira yekha katswiri-katswiri kapena wodzala chachikulu. Kaya 'chinenero Teschin "," Pike mchira "! zinthu izi adzakumbukira aliyense! Ku sukulu ya mkaka, masukulu, maofesi ndi masitolo ikukula ndi sikutanthauza mwapadera ndi chisamaliro ndi chomera yokongola. ndi malo tinasamukira Kodi mchira Pike chiyani? Dziko zomera - kotero wodzichepetsa ndi kukongoletsa - kumene? Tidzayensa kuyankha mafunso onse.

Kodi iye maina kwambiri?

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi chinenero cha boma cha pafupifupi onse mawu - mu Latin. Sansevieria (sansevieriya) - kotero kwenikweni zikumveka dzina la zomera nthumwi kukongoletsa. duwa dzina lake polemekeza woyang'anira ndi wokonda zomera, Italy achifumu Raimondo di Sangro, Prince Von sansevieriya, amene anakhalapo zaka za m'ma XVIII.

Pike mchira - dzina kuti anthu anatumizidwa zomera, ali m'nkhani mikwingwirima pa masamba a mtundu wa chithunzi-ngati mtundu wa mtsinje chilombo. Wina epithet chidwi, tinachita anazolowera - chinenero Teschin. Koposa zonse, payenera kukhala zikufanana ndi lilime yaitali heroine ndi wotchuka mu nthabwala zathu. Chinthu china ngati dzina, koma tanthauzo wofunitsitsa nthabwala anthu Russian ndi kuchipeza.

Komabe, pofufuza sansevieriya maina chidwi ndi ngakhale pang'ono molondola zimaonetsa a anthu athu si pachiyambi. The Germany kuitana zomera ndi hemp African, English - chinenero cha mdierekezi, kapena kambuku kakombo, America - njoka khungu, zimene zikusonyeza mtundu wa kutchuka m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Kodi adzabadwira wake?

Kotentha ndi mayiko - ndiko kumene kumverera aakulu ndi akulu osauka Pike mchira. zomera dziko sansevieriya - m'madera otentha a Africa, ambiri a dera la kumadzulo. akatswiri a masiku ano zambiri kupereka mitundu zambiri sansevieria ku Uganda, Kenya ndi maiko oyandikana. Lero, zomera ndi ambiri Sri Lanka ndi India, otentha Asia ndi chilumba cha Madagascar, mu Florida South. Monga ulamuliro, chikhalidwe cha sansevieriya kukula clumps kupanga pa gombe mtsinje moti m'nkhalango. Zimakhala azikhala ndi yaikulu baobabs onse wodzaza ndi acacias ndi mitundu otsika osiyana ndi succulents. Kukula maluwa angakhale pa nthaka aliyense wosauka pa chinyezi otsika - 40%. N'chifukwa chake anthu zinthu, amene sakhoza kukhala ena m'nyumba maluwa, Pike mchira amasuntha popanda mavuto.

Kodi ntchito?

M'mayiko ambiri, maluwa akulimidwa ndi ntchito mu zolinga kukongoletsa ndi mafakitale. Pike mchira masamba ali wapadera katundu ulusi luso, chomwe ndi kukula mu lalikulu zedi. Komanso, sansevieriya chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala wowerengeka m'mayiko ambiri African ndi Asian.

Zokongola ndi zothandiza

Potsatira ochiritsa Asian ndi African ankagwiritsa ntchito Pike mchira mu ntchito yake, zopindulitsa katundu wa zomera, ndi ife mwazindikira. Ali masamba saponins (glycosides chiyambi chomera) odana ndi yotupa ndi mucolytic, anatengera ndi chitetezo zotsatira zolimbikitsa. Komanso, asayansi apeza kuti sansevieriya kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu mlengalenga chipinda pamene iwo ali, ndipo amatha kuchepetsa zili zinthu zina zoipa kupanga monga trichlorethylene ndi benzene.

Makhalidwe botanical

Sansevera kapena sansevieriya - ndi mtundu wa masamba obiriwira herbaceous zomera osatha acaulescent. agwiritsidwa, monga masukulu osiyanasiyana mabanja osiyana botanical: asphodeloideae, agave kapena dratsenovyh. Chotero divergence maganizo si yovuta, chifukwa banja kakombo, koma ndi "mtima wosweka" m'magulumagulu. Lero mtundu Sansevieria yovomerezeka Mitundu za 60-70 osiyana ndi ambiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Ngati houseplants ena ambiri, Pike mchira, amene m'dziko - louma m'madera otentha, ali bwino anayamba mobisa zokwawa pomwepo kenaka. Mwakhama Rosette masamba maonekedwe akhoza kufika mitundu ya 1 mita m'litali (kapena zambiri). Childs, tsamba mbale ndi zisonga ndipo mwina onse ofukula ndipo pafupifupi yopingasa. Leaf mtundu zimasiyanasiyana kuwala wobiriwira bulauni, ndi zosiyanasiyana mikwingwirima ndi mawanga. M'zaka zingapo zapitazi otchuka silvery ndi golide-akuda zomera. Pike mchira, amene m'dziko - m'mayiko otentha ali anagwa tsoka yemweyo: khama la obereketsa ayipangira mitundu ya zomera ndi uncharacteristic mitundu ya masamba. Maluwa sansevieriya wotumbululuka wobiriwira, pamodzi inflorescences cylindrical pa nthawi yaitali ndipo molunjika kukwera. Mu chikhalidwe, zipatso ndi mabulosi, ndi mbewu 1-3, koma horticulture m'nyumba kubala ali osowa kwambiri.

A zosiyanasiyana mitundu ndi mitundu

Today mu horticulture m'nyumba nakulitsa mitundu maluwa ambiri ndi njira zoterezi dzina chidwi - Pike mchira. zomera kwawo, monga tanenera - m'madera otentha kwambiri, koma iwo kukula mitundu yochepa imene mitundu yambiri masiku ano Tinalandira. Ngakhale kuti m'chilengedwe pali pafupifupi 70 mitundu ya sansevieriya, mu m'nyumba ndi kukongoletsa floriculture nakulitsa okwana pafupifupi 10, limene ambiri okondedwa ndi zotsatirazi:

• Sansevieria trifasciata - sansevieriya atatu njira, zosiyanasiyana wotchuka kwambiri ndi mtundu galu. Ambiri mwa florist kalasi - izo Laurenti (ndi golide xiphoid malire m'mphepete mwa pepala la), Prain (popanda kampira chotero) ndipo Craigil - kwambiri kirimu Mzere pa m'mphepete lakunja.
• Sansevieria grandis - lalikulu, pa masamba amene taphunzira ndi magulu a mdima ndi opepuka mithunzi ya wobiriwira, ndi m'mphepete ali anapangidwa ndi mtunda wochepa thupi la mtundu utoto.
• Sansevieria hiberica - wintering ndi masamba ouma, chokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima utoto.
• -Kukula Low mitundu sansevery monga Sansevieria hahnii siliva ndi golide Hahnii.

Pike mchira: kubalana

Ngati mufuna kukhala kunyumba kapena ofesi ya ngati chomera, mugule pa malo m'munda, kapena kuchita popanda ndalama superfluous ndi kuchulukitsa analipo kale cuttings maluwa tsamba, muzu layering kapena kugawa rhizomes. Onse mungachite izi ali oyenera monochromatic utoto sansevery. Koma kwa zomera ndi masamba variegated kuti musunge mbali zonse kukongoletsa, ntchito kokha gulu la rhizomes.

cuttings muzu

Iyi ndi njira yosavuta kupeza nokha maluwa wodzichepetsa monga Pike mchira. Dziko zomera wokongola nkhanza ndi nkhani nyengo, kotero sansevieriya, wofunitsitsa kuti zatenga malo atsopano ndipamene mwachilungamo wandiweyani mizu kukula. makhalidwe otere khalidwe kukula osati pa "chifuniro", koma maluwa komanso kuŵetedwa. Kawirikawiri mu mphika anapanga zambiri mphukira ndi mizu. Kukumba pang'ono (pamodzi ndi mizu ndi kumugenda a dziko lapansi) ndi kudula kwa mbewu mayi, kenako kuziika mu mphika latsopano. Malo kumene inu kudula kachidutswa, muyenera pang'ono youma ndi kuwaza ndi makala ufa, angathe conveniently adamulowetsa.

cuttings tsamba

Njira yosavuta: kutenga tsamba maluwa, yang'anirani ndi kudula transversely powomba 7-10 masentimita yomweyo pulasitala kapena kukoma chikhomo kutanthauza aliyense pansi mpukutu .. Izi ndi zofunika ndithu, monga dziko ayenera kukhala "mutu" mmwamba. Kuti kudula zidutswa za pepala anali zouma, anawasiya kuti ukhale kwa masiku 1-2 pawindo. Kenako, cuttings izi obzalidwa mchenga lonyowa ndi bwino, yokutidwa galasi mtsuko, kuchotsa ofunda malo owala. Utsi ndi cuttings simutero, zokwanira madzi mu poto. Kukhazikika zomera, m'mikhalidwe yabwino, miyezi 1-1.5. Ndiye mbande kuziika mu mphika ndi munda nthaka kapena potting nthaka succulents wapadera.

kugawaniza rhizomes

zomera Large akhoza zimafalitsidwa ndi njira iyi. Nkofunika okha kukumbukira kuti mbali detachable ndi kukhala ndi mfundo kukula. pomwepo kenaka anatengedwa mu mphika ndi mpeni wakuthwa kudula chiwerengero ofunikira "mbewu". kagawo anasankha kwenikweni zouma kwa maola angapo ndipo ufa makala opera, kenako zidutswa anapambulwa obzalidwa miphika ndi nthaka anakonzeratu.