Leonid Lavrovsky wolemba mabuku: biography, chithunzi

A Leonid Lavrovsky, yemwe ndi katswiri wotsatsa, wothandizira komanso wolemba mabuku, analemba mabuku ofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya zojambulajambula za masiku ano. Dzina lake likugwirizana ndi mapangidwe a ballet ku Soviet Union ndi ulendo wopambana wa nyenyezi za Soviet ballet kunja. Wopanga choreographer, wolemba bwino waluso komanso wokongola - ankakumbukiridwa kwambiri ndi anthu a m'nthaŵi yake.

Leonid Lavrovsky wolemba mabuku: biography, chithunzi

Pali anthu, pa kutchulidwa kwa dzina limene kukumbukira kumangoyambitsa chiyanjano ndi chochitika china. Mayina awa ali ophatikizidwa mosagwirizana ndi utumiki wapamwamba pa chifukwa chawo. M'buku la anthu omwe adalitsa mbiri ya dziko ku Russia, sizingatheke kudutsa ndi chithunzi cha Leonal Mikhailovich Lavrovsky yemwe ali ndi luso komanso wokondwa.

Ubwana

Leonid Mikhailovich Ivanov (dzina lenileni la choreographer) anabadwa pa June 5, 1905 ku St. Petersburg. Banja silinali lolemera, likugwira ntchito. Komabe, bambo wa choreographer wamtsogolo ankakonda nyimbo ndipo kamodzi anachita chinthu chosayembekezereka. Anachoka pantchito ndikulowa ku Mariinsky Theatre Choir. Sikudziwika kuti, popanda ntchito yovuta ya atate wake, cholinga cha kulenga cha choreographer chachikulu chidzachitike. Koma kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Lenya wamng'ono anayamba kuyamba nthawi yambiri kumbuyo kwa zisudzo. Iye anayamba kuphunzira dziko la zisudzo kuchokera mkati.

Zojambulajambula zinkanyamula mnyamata wamaluso. Analowa mu Leningrad Choreographic College, imene anamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1922. Pakati pa maphunziro ake ndi aphunzitsi abwino a Vladimir Ponomarev, zinapezeka kuti mnyamata ali ndi talente ndi luso la woyambitsa dancer. Pang'onopang'ono anayamba kupanga masomphenya ake ojambula a ntchitoyi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Ivanov amasankha kutenga pseudonym yolenga. Zikuoneka kuti dzina lake limawoneka ngati losavuta kwambiri, ndipo sukuluyi yatha kale ndi wojambula Leonid Lavrovsky.

Kumayambiriro kwa ulendo

Atamaliza maphunziro ake ku sukulu yamakono, Lavrovsky adatumizidwa kwa ogwira ntchito ku bwalo la Leningrad Opera ndi Ballet Theatre monga woyimba solo. Pambuyo pake panali zochitika zakale ndi machitidwe omwe anayesedwa nthawi, komwe adzachita maudindo mu "Giselle", "Lake Swan", "Sleeping Beauty". Mnyamata wamng'onoyo amagwira ntchito zambiri, koma amakonda komanso amakhala ndi nthawi yabwino pambuyo pake. Komabe, kuyambira nthawi imeneyo wojambulayo anali ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri: ngakhale pambuyo pa usiku wamkuntho sanadzilole kuti azichedwa kumalo owonetserako masewera kapena kusowa chiyero. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Leonid Lavrovsky anakwatira kwa nthawi yoyamba. Wosankhidwa wake ndiye Ekaterina Heydenreich.

Zikondwerero ndi zikondwerero zosangalatsa mwa odziwa anzawo sizinalepheretse kuphunzira ndi kudziphunzitsa. Leonid amawerenga zambiri, amatenga maphunziro a piano ndi mbiri ya nyimbo, amapita ku zisudzo. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono mnyamata wamng'ono wophunzira kuchokera ku banja logwira ntchito akukhala munthu wowerenga bwino, wowerenga bwino. Maonekedwe okongola ndi nzeru zenizeni zatha kupanga mapangidwe a choreographer wamkulu.

Komabe, masewerawo sanapite bwino kwambiri. Osewera achinyamata ndi luso anali atapuma kale kumbuyo. Lavrovsky anayamba kuganiza kuti akumenyedwa pansi, osaloledwa kuvina. Kuwomba pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kumagwirizana ndi wojambula wamkulu wa kampeni A. Vaganova anangopweteka kwambiri khalidwe lake. Mu 1936, osatha kulimbana ndi mavuto omwe analipo pamaseŵera, L. Lavrovsky anagonjetsa. Komabe, mu udindo wa ojambula osagwira ntchito sizinali motalika. Lembali patapita sabata adalandira pempho lotsogolera bullet ya Nyumba ya Leningrad Yaikulu. Panopa, L. Lavrovsky anagwira ntchito mpaka 1937.

Zolemba zoyamba

Panthawi imodzimodziyo ndi kutenga nawo mbali muwonetsero wa ballet, Leonid Mikhailovich amayamba ntchito yake. Ku Leningrad Choreography School anapanga "The Sad Waltz" nyimbo ya J. Sibelius (1927) ndi "The Seasons" (PI Tchaikovsky, 1928). Pa nyimbo za R. Schuman anaikidwa "Shumaniana" ndi "Symphonic study" (1929). Sitikunenedwa kuti zochitika za L. Lavrovsky zakhala zikuyenda bwino. Pulogalamu yamakonzedwe yofanana ndi a M. Fokine (1932) inalephera ndipo inadziwika ngati yosavomerezeka ndipo ikuchita zinthu zosangalatsa.

Kulephera kunalepheretsa wotsogolera. Nthawi yatsopano yanena kuti lusoli liyenera kuyanjidwa komanso lomveka bwino kwa omvera ndi antchito ambiri. Sukulu ya Leningrad Ballet, Leonid Lavrovsky anapanga ballet awiri, Fadette ndi Catherine. Nthawi ino iye akugwedeza chandamale. Zochita zonsezo zinadziwika bwino, ndipo wachinyamata wotchedwa choreographer amakhulupirira molimba mtima zatsopano za ntchito za NA Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Adan, A. Rubinstein ndi ena ambiri.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, pali chochitika china. Leonid Lavrovsky, yemwe moyo wake ndi Heydenreich sanagwire ntchito, amakwatiwanso kachiwiri. Elena Chikvaidze, yemwe adachita nawo "Balandu wa Caucasus", motsogoleredwa ndi B. Asafiev, adasankhidwa. Mu 1941, iwo anali ndi mwana wamwamuna - Lavrovsky Mikhail Leonidovich, yemwe mbiri yake nayenso imagwirizana kwambiri ndi luso la ballet.

Kirov Theatre

Panthawi imeneyi, The Mariinsky Theatre siimaletse chilakolako. A. Vaganova anali wodzichepetsa komanso wochititsa chidwi kwambiri adabweretsa vutoli ku kampani ya ballet mpaka kufika pamtendere. Mtsogoleriyo ananyozedwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa machitidwe atsopano mu repertoire, kulimbikitsa achinyamata ochita masewera, ovomerezeka pakupanga zisankho zofunikira, zakale ndi zolakwika. Kumbukirani iye ndi kuchoka ku zisudzo, L. Lavrovsky. N'zovuta kunena kuti zonsezi zinali zoona. Koma zonse zinathera podziwa kuti chovala cha buldock cha ballet chinali chopanda kanthu. December 31, 1937 Leonid Lavrovsky, choreographer ndi ballet dancer, adasankhidwa ku malo a mutu wa bullet ya Leningrad Theatre ya Opera ndi Ballet. S. M. Kirov. Anagwira ntchitoyi mpaka 1944.

S. Prokofiev, "Romeo ndi Juliet" (1940)

Mu 1940, L. Lavrovsky adayamba kugwira ntchito pa "Balloo and Juliet" ku nyimbo za SS Prokofiev. Zochita zowonongeka zinabadwa zosasangalatsa. Panthawi ino mu ballet ya dziko, panalibe mwambo wa masitepe ogwira ntchito ndi W. Shakespeare. Ntchito yake idasindikizidwa ndi olemba zojambulajambula m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kotero panalibe zida zomangika zomwe wotsogolera angadalire ntchito yake. Koma L. Lavrovsky asanakhale vuto lina. Chodabwitsa kwambiri, koma chovuta ichi chinali nyimbo zabwino za Prokofiev SS. Zokongoletsera zamakono zosavuta, njira zosazolowereka zamagulu. Chojambula chojambula kuchokera kumitu yosiyanasiyana yomwe inalowerera ndikupanga chida chokongola kwambiri cha mlembi woganizira za tsoka losakhoza kufa. Poyamba, ojambula sakanatha kumvetsa cholinga cha wopanga.

L. Lavrovsky anali woleza mtima komanso wopitiriza. Koma malipiro a nyimbo nayenso anasintha kuti apange sewero liwoneke komanso liwone. Pang'onopang'ono gululo linagonjetsa nyimbo. Kupangidwa kwa "Romeo ndi Juliet" kunalandiridwa bwino ndi anthu komanso kunyozedwa. Iwo adawona chikhalidwe chosavuta cha nyimbo za S. Prokofiev, anasangalala ndi kupambana kwa choreographer L. Lavrovsky, akuyamikira malowo. Galina Ulanova anakhala wopambana mosagonjetsa ntchitoyi. Kuyamba kwa bullet ku Moscow kunali kowala kwambiri. Ntchitoyi inazindikiridwa ngati ballet yabwino nthawi yathu. Izi makamaka zidakonzeratu moyo wa mkuluyo. Mu 1944, L. Lavrovsky anasankhidwa kukhala mutu wa ballet wa gawo lalikulu la Soviet Union.

Moscow, Bolshoy Theatre

L. Lavrovsky anamvetsetsa kuti zonse zomwe adazichita mpaka nthawi imeneyo zinali chabe chiyambi chogwira ntchito ku zisudzo zazikulu za dzikoli. Choyamba, adakhala wolimbika mtima ndi luso lobwezeretsanso zolembera zamatsenga. Mpaka zaka 100 za ballet "Giselle" L. Lavrovsky akupanga seweroli. Kusinthidwa "Giselle" ndi G. Ulanova kunadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri za ballet iyi ndipo inakhala chitsanzo kwa mibadwo yambiri ya oimba nyimbo. Kenaka mabala atsopano a ballets "Raymonda" ndi "Chopiniana" adalengedwa.

Ntchito ina yaikulu ndi L. Lavrovsky ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa Romeo ndi Juliet pa sitepe ya Bolshoi Theatre. Malo sakanatha kusamutsidwa kupita kumalo atsopano. Yakhala yayikulu komanso yofunika kwambiri. Maganizowo asintha ndipo mikangano yakula. Zithunzi zazikuluzikulu ndi malo atsopano anamaliza kusintha kwa lingaliro la wolemba L. Lavrovsky. Magazini yatsopano ya ballet yotchuka inali yopambana kwambiri. L. Lavrovsky analandira Stalin Prize, ndipo masewerawa kwa zaka zambiri adakhala chizindikiro cha Bolshoi Theatre.

Zaka 20: kupambana ndi kutayika

L. Lavrovsky ankakhulupirira kuti sipangakhale kuvina chifukwa cha kuvina komweko. Tanthauzo la ntchito yake linali ntchito yowulula matalente atsopano ndikulimbikitsa maina atsopano pa siteji. Pulogalamu ya Bolshoi Theatre pa ntchito yake inapambana bwino kwa oimba ndi akatswiri ambiri oimba nyimbo. Mutuwake, nayenso, sakhala wokhazikika. Chotsatira chake chotsatira ndi "Red Flower". Iyi ndiyatsopano ya "Red Poppy" yotchedwa R. Gliere. Nkhani yosavuta ya ovina achi China ndi Soviet sailors za kugwirizana kwa anthu ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khungu. Omvera ankakonda kugwira ntchitoyi, ndipo ojambula akuvina mosangalala. Pochita zimenezi, L. Lavrovsky anapatsidwa mphoto ina ya Stalin.

Chithunzi cha ballet "Walpurgis Night" mu "Faust" ndi S. Gounod ndi chodabwitsa kwambiri cholembedwa cholembedwa pamakono a opera. Kuvina pachionetsero ichi kunkafuna ojambula onse ojambula. Fans ya kuvina kwachikale ankapita ku opera kuti awone mafano awo mu diamondi yeniyeni ya zojambulajambula.

Komabe, ntchito yaikulu yotsatira ya L. Lavrovsky inali fiasco. Icho chinali "Tale la Mwala Wowala" wochokera pa ntchito za P. Bazhov. Zinkawoneka kuti nyimbo za S. Prokofiev, talente ya G. Ulanova ndi zomwe zinachitikira L. Lavrovsky - inali chida champhamvu chokonzekera chomwe chingapange ntchito ina yaikulu ya ballet. Ndipotu, zonse zinasintha mosiyana. Mu 1953, S. Prokofiev sanamalize ntchitoyi. Chaka chotsatira, ntchitoyi idakalipo, koma inakhala yodabwitsa kwambiri, yopanda zilembo zowonongeka. Mu January 1956, L. Lavrovsky anachotsedwa pa udindo wa Bolshoi Ballet Company.

Ulendo wamayiko akunja

Masiku ano n'zosatheka kulingalira kuti panali nthawi yomwe dziko silinadziwe za ballet ya Russia. Mayina akuluakulu, machitidwe otchuka komanso opangidwa ndi olemba malo otchedwa Soviet choreographers anali a boma lakumadzulo kumbuyo kwa nsalu imodzi yachitsulo monga Soviet Union. Kutulukira kwa phompho kupyolera mu kujambula kwa ballet kunali nkhani yandale. Ulendo woyamba wa ovina ku London (1956) anapatsidwa udindo wotsogolera L. Lavrovsky, yemwe ali pa penshoni yolenga. Zojambula zinayi m'mabuku a Soviet ojambula zithunzi, omwe awiriwa anagwiridwa ndi L. Lavrovsky, anachititsa chidwi kwambiri chikhalidwe cha anthu olankhula Chingelezi. Ulendowu unali wopambana. Komabe, atatha kumaliza, choreographer analibenso ntchito.

Patadutsa zaka ziwiri izi zinachitika mobwerezabwereza. Kuyendera ku France - ndipo L. Lavrovsky amakhalanso mutu wa gulu la alendo. Ndipo atabweranso, adatulutsidwa kuchoka ku zisudzo zomwe ankakonda. Mu 1959 L. Lavrovsky yekha anabwerera ku Bolshoi Theatre. Pambuyo pake kunali ulendo wina wovuta komanso wodalirika wa kutsidya kwa nyanja - kuyendera US.

Kupitiriza kwa mzera

Mu 1961, wina Lavrovsky - Mikhail Leonidovich - adaloledwa ku gulu la Bolshoi Theatre. Akazi a choreographer wotchuka, ndipo panthawiyi anali wokwatiwa kachitatu, sanamupatsenso oloŵa nyumba. Koma mwana yekhayo adakhalabe akupitiriza ntchito ya bambo ake ndipo adanyamula dzina lodziwika la Lavrovsky pamsasa. Mikhail Leonidovich adadutsamo magawo onse a ntchito ya danse wa ballet. Bambo sankangopatulapo chifukwa cha iye. Kukongola kwa ballet kokongola kwa mwana wake, mkulu Lavrovsky, kunkawoneka ngati mwayi wokhala ndi malamulo owonjezera komanso malamulo okhwima.

Pambuyo pa nduna yaikulu, iye analemba mizere ingapo kwa mwana wake: "Chilichonse chimatseguka kwa iwe, ndipo zonse zimadalira iwe!" Motero analangiza mwana wake Lavrovsky. Mikhail Leonidovich chithunzi ndi ichi chodziwika bambo yemwe anatengera kupyolera mu moyo wake wonse.

Memory of the heart

Atathamangitsidwa ku zisudzo mu July 1964, L. Lavrovsky anayamba kugwira ntchito ku Moscow Choreographic School. Mu 1965, Leonid Mikhailovich anapatsidwa dzina laulemu la People's Artist la USSR. Amagwira ntchito mochuluka ndipo amaika manambala a makonti kwa ophunzira. Ambiri mwa iwo apulumuka kufikira lero lino mu repertoire ya sukulu yotchuka.

"Memory of Heart" - yotchedwa nambala yotsiriza yomwe inaperekedwa ndi wotchuka choreographer. Leonid Lavrovsky anamwalira ku Paris, komwe adayendera limodzi pamodzi ndi ophunzira a sukuluyi. Izi zinachitika pa November 27, 1967.