Likulu la Saudi Arabia - Riyadh

Likulu la Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu dziko masiku ano. Ngati tiyang'ana pa deta mbiri, ife tikhoza kuwona kuti pa nthawiyi anawoloka pamtunda wa zamalonda ndi njira apaulendo. Pa mphambano iyi anapanga m'mudzi luso. Mudzi uwu, ndipo ndinakulira mu Riyadh. Mu 1233 mumzinda anawonongedwa ndi Aigupto. Koma mu 1240 linakhalanso ndi atazunguliridwa ndi mpanda wolimba amene ali mzikiti ndi nyumba yachifumu ya wolamulirayo.

Mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XVI, pambuyo adani a bin Abulazizom Abdulrehman Al Faisal, mzindawo unakhala likulu la boma kuti kuyesera kulenga Aluya, masuku pamutu chofooka andale a Turkey.

Mu 1744 izo atalenga Sudovskoe boma umene '73 anawonongedwa ndi Ottoman. Mu 1824 ndi mafumu Saudi anali kulenga yachiwiri Saudi boma ndi likulu lake ku Riyadh. Patatha zaka 65, dziko anagonjetsedwa ndi mafumu Rashidov. Mu 1902 ndi mafumu Saudi anayamba kuchita akuyesetsa kupezanso mphamvu mu Arabia ndi thandizo la Turkey ndi UK. Mu 1920, Rashidov mafumu unagonjetsedwa.

Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma XIX, pali yogwira gulu landale kwa kugwirizana kwa mafuko okhala dziko, ndi kwa asiye akuluakulu Turkey, ndi likulu la Saudi Arabia amakhala likulu lake. Cholinga cha gululi anali chilengedwe cha boma limodzi ndi mphamvu centralized. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mu 1932, iwo unalengedwa Ufumu wa Saudi Arabia, amene likulu anakhalabe mu mzinda wa Riyadh.

Riyadh anali lililonse mzinda Arab 50 ntchentche. mzaka zana makumi awiri. The nyumba yaikulu inali nyumba yachifumu ya Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu. Pa yopapatiza, kumulowetsa misewu inali zidina nyumba ndi m'mabwalo. Pa nthawi iyi mu Saudi Arabia anapeza hugest minda mafuta. Dziko ndi kukhala mmodzi wa olemera. Mu likulu anagwetsa nyumba matope. mzinda pafupifupi adzamangidwenso. Anamanga nyumba zosanja zitalizitali. Pa sukulu misewu lonse ili, mahotela, m'sitolo, mizikiti, analeredwa payekha. likulu anasamutsira utumiki onse ndi mabungwe akuluakulu a boma.

Koma likulu la Saudi Arabia chakhala nawo akale ndi mbiri Intaneti - Royal Palace Murabba Palace ndi emirs. Mmodzi wa zokopa yamakono ya Riyadh - ndi makola achifumu, ndipo anagona wa thoroughbred akavalo Arabia kukopa anthu osati kokha, komanso alendo ake. Amakezana ndipo anasunga wapachiyambi maonekedwe kukopeka ndi Fort Masmak, anamanga mu 1865.

Pakali pano, likulu la Saudi Arabia chimakwirira kudera la za 1600 makilomita lalikulu ndi anthu okhala oposa 4.5. Ngakhale kuti Riyadh lili likulu la dziko ndi mzinda yotentha a boma, iwo anapita ambiri alendo chaka chilichonse. Onsewo amakopeka ndi chuma ndiponso moyo wapamwamba wa mzinda, amene wakula mu nthawi yaifupi ndi "golide wakuda" ndi malo ake mbiri.

Riyadh ndi njira yopita ku mzinda woyera wa Asilamu - Mecca. Malinga ndi malamulo ndi miyambo ya Saudi Arabia, umene anthu amati Islam, m'pofunika kuti Haji pachaka Mecca. Kukhala m'dziko ndi mosamalitsa kulemekeza malamulo a Koran.

Pali chachiwiri likulu la likulu la Saudi Arabia - zamtendere - Jeddah. Malowa ali pamtunda pa Nyanja Yofiira, kuti mwamanga nyumba ano. Mu gawo m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya mzinda ndi consulates onse ndi akazembe.