Mabulosi amodzi - owopsa kwambiri

Chomera chodabwitsa ichi ndi cha mitundu yobiriwira yomwe imakhala yobiriwira. Mabulosi amtchire ndi chomera chokhazikika, zitsanzo zina zimakhala zaka zikwi zingapo. Kwenikweni ali ndi mawonekedwe onga a mtengo, koma amakhalanso ndi shrub. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa glaciers ya nyengo yayikulu ya kukulitsa, panalibe zigawo zingapo za zomera zakale ku North Africa, Asia, Western Europe. Nthawi zina zomerazi zimapezeka m'nkhalango pamapiri a Caucasus, Carpathians ndi Southern Southern Crimea. Kudera la Russia, mabulosi a mabulosi akukula kuchokera ku Moscow kupita ku Kaliningrad, osakwera kumpoto kwa malowa.

Maonekedwe ndi malo

Mtengo ku Ulaya sumafika mamita 17, ku Caucasus umakula kufika mamita 27. Ali ndi korona yofalikira kwambiri. Thumba la ribbed liri ndi makungwa okongola a mtundu wofiirira. Zisoti ndizitali, zobiriwira: pamwamba ndi mdima ndipo zimanyezimira, ndipo pansi ndi chikasu ndi matte. Nsalu ndi mthunzi wolekerera, imatha kukula ngakhale pansi pamtundu wina umene mitengo ina imatha kufa. Amafuna dothi lonyowa ndi lathanzi. Amakula pang'onopang'ono, malinga ndi imodzi mwa nthano m'mapiri a Adjara, pali yew, yemwe ali ndi zaka 4,000. Kutalika kwa mbiya ya chiwindi chachikulu ndi pafupifupi mamita 30, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi mamita oposa theka ndi theka.

Kukongola Kwaulemu

Mabulosi amodzi ndi okongola kwambiri m'dzinja, pamene pamapiri ake, ataphimbidwa ndi mdima- Njuchi zazing'ono, mbewu zing'onozing'ono zimakhala ndi minofu, yofiira kwambiri yomwe imakhala ngati nyali zochepa za ruby. Mitengo ya yew ili ndi mtundu wofiira wofiira komanso mawonekedwe okongola, omwe amawunika kwambiri kupanga zipangizo, zokwera mtengo zopangidwa ndi manja komanso zida zamatabwa.

Mphamvu zodabwitsa

Kuwonjezera pa kukongola, nkhuni za yew zimakhala ndi chinthu china chosazolowereka - sizingatheke kuvunda. Ichi ndi katundu wake wapadera ankadziwika kwa anthu ngakhale mu Stone Age. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi amodzi a Swiss, kuchokera pansi pa imodzi mwa iwo omwe anakhazikitsa miyala ya miyala . Mabulosi akugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba, zopangidwa ndi ziboliboli za nkhuni ndi zipilala za milungu ndi mafarao. Mwa njira, amayi a Tutankhamun anali atatu sarcophagi, ndipo imodzi mwa iwo inapangidwa ndi yew. M'zaka za m'ma 500 CE, pamene sitima zamatabwa zinamangidwa mofulumira kwambiri paulendowu, kutalika kwakukulu kunayamba chifukwa cha mitengo yolimba. Lero lalembedwa mu Bukhu Loyera, komabe chomera ichi chikupezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Mtengo wa imfa

Ku Igupto ndi ku Girisi Yakale, mabulosi amwe anabzala m'manda kumanda, ankavala nthambi zake ngati chizindikiro cha kulira kwa wakufayo. Mbali zonse za mtengo, kupatulapo zamkati za pine cone, ndizoopsa. Nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito poizoni munthu, zinali zokwanira kuti apereke vinyo mu chikho cha yew. Kapena iwo amakonza zakumwa kuchokera ku singano za mtengo - wamkulu ndiye, ndizoopsa kwambiri.

Tiss berry fastigiata

Ndiwo mtundu wokongoletsera wa chomera, wokha mamita khumi wokha ali ndi zaka khumi. Ali ndi korona yosasunthika, pamsinkhu wachisomo, komanso okhwima kwambiri. Amakula pang'onopang'ono. Zisoti ziri za mtundu wokongola wobiriwira wakuda. M'minda ndi m'mapaki, mabulosi a yew (kusamuka sikutanthauza khama lapadera) amagwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi palimodzi ndi pokha. Zimapangidwa bwino.