Maiwe mpweya: Kamangidwe ndi mamangidwe subtleties. dongosolo magawanidwe

Chifukwa mpweya mu dziwe? Pofuna kukhala nyengo yabwino, makamaka chinyezi ndi kutentha, dziwe aliyense ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi odalirika ndi cholinga bwino dongosolo mpweya wabwino. Mpweya beseni n'kofunika kwambiri makamaka kwa malo lalikulu, maiwe kusambira ndi mabungwe chipatala ndi umoyo, ndi zina zotero. Musaiwale za mpweya wabwino ndipo mamangidwe ake a maofesi yaing'ono kusambira m'nyumba. dziwe dongosolo mpweya wabwino ayenera kuchitidwa potsatira kwambiri mfundo za ukhondo.

Yowerengera magawo dekhetsa mpweya

Muyezo chifukwa kulondola kachitidwe kapangidwe dziwe mpweya ndi kugwilizana ndi chilengedwe limene aliyense mlendo ku dziwe angakonde zokwanira. Komanso, m'pofunika kulabadira chifukwa magawo monga chinyezi ndi kutentha mu chipinda padziwe. dziwe mpweya - ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti n'komwe pa siteji yomanga kamangidwe.

Wofunika kwambiri magawo awa:

- ndi chovomerezeka chinyezi msinkhu, amene sayenera upambana 65%;
- zofanana madzi kutentha kwa yozungulira kutentha mpweya: kusiyana analola kuti palibe madigiri oposa 2;
- akadakwanitsira kutentha kwa madzi mu dziwe, pali maganizo osiyanasiyana pa nkhani imeneyi, koma ambiri ayenera kukhala mkati 30-320S (kwa maiwe kusambira, pamene madzi ndi mkangano);
- amaganizira chitonthozo kukhala osambira madzi anaika malire mtengo wa mpweya liwiro dziwe lamkati - zosakwana 0.2 m / s.
Kudzera unsembe wa kachitidwe mpweya, ayenera kuganizira ngati muyeso zofunika, monga mtengo wa mpweya masamu - ayenera kukhala osachepera 80 M3 / h lililonse mlendo. Matulukidwe, mwachitsanzo Akuti chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa dziwe, ayenera kuwaganizira oyambirira mu chitukuko cha polojekiti. Motero, ngakhale pa kapangidwe gawo magawanidwe beseni ayenera molondola anapereka mtengo wa pazipita matulukidwe mphamvu ya dziwe.
Monga amadziwika, Chofunikira kwambiri wapatsidwa komanso kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa mpweya amaperekedwa mu chipinda ndipo anachotsa therefrom. Apo ayi, mapulogalamuwanso angathe nthawi zonse kugonjetsa kapena yatsekera kumverera (ndi owonjezera mpweya okwanira) kapena drafts (pa mpweya owonjezera utsi). Onse makamaka zosavomerezeka m'madamu ndi mabungwe chipatala ndi umoyo. kusiyana kololeka sayenera upambana 50% ya mpweya okwana.

Kuphatikiza pa zolozerazi mwangwiro ukhondo chofunika kwambiri kamangidwe ka mpweya ndi mpweya machitidwe ndipo ergonomics, mu phokoso makamaka. zida magawanidwe ayenera kuikidwa ndi m'madera osiyanasiyana kuti mlingo wa phokoso umatulutsa iwo anali kochepa (ndi wopanda tsankho ndi ulemu kwa kapangidwe mphamvu mafani). The phokoso mlingo mu chipinda ayenera kukhala apamwamba kuposa 60 DB. mpweya ndi mpweya machitidwe ayenera kutsatira mfundo zonse za umoyo ndi malamulo. mfundo izi zodziwika bwino ndi malamulo a ku Russia komanso mayina SNIP chogwirizana ndi GOST ndi zikalata zina normative.

NKHANI dziwe dongosolo mpweya kapangidwe

Popeza tikulankhula za malo amakhala ambiri a anthu, ndiye kukakamizidwa mpweya mpweya wabwino ayenera kwathunthu analetsa mapangidwe pa ntchito yake mfundo iliyonse zoipa - ndi anthu, ndi zipangizo dziwe. Zikatero, amanena kuti condensation chinyezi nthunzi, amene pamaso pa gulu lalikulu la madzi (ndi pa pang'ono kukwezeka ndi kutentha yachibadwa madzi) akutitsogolera kuti kudzikundikira pang'onopang'ono chinyezi pa pamalo a migodi mpweya wabwino. Mogwirizana ndi zofunika pamalo amenewa amafunika Zikatero kuchoka msanga awatulutsira kulephera chifukwa dzimbiri. Komanso, dzimbiri particles kulowa kanthu m'dera zimakupiza (sizichedwa mpweya wabwino amakakamizidwa) zingachititse jamming wa pamalo awo ntchito ndi ngozi zida kupanga.
Kuchoka kunja imeneyi ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo ogwira mtima a kali ntchito ya ducts mpweya wabwino popanda kuphwanya thanzi lawo.

dongosolo kutchinjiriza

Kudzipatula akhoza kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

- kupanga dzimbiri zosagwira zowonetsera kuteteza cholimba pulasitiki;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mavavu wambiri kukhalapo kwa magetsi magetsi, zomwe msanga zinayenda kusintha kutentha ndi chinyezi zinthu m'madera mpweya wokwanira.
- kugwiritsa ntchito misampha.

Pomanga dziwe mu nyumba payekha

Koma maiwe anthu, mabungwe kusambira dziwe mpweya lakonzedwa kutenga nkhani zonse zimene pamwamba, koma mphamvu ya zida ventilating, zochokera m'dera ang'onoang'ono a beseni, komanso ngati owerengeka alendo kungakhale m'munsi. Makamaka, m'pofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti dziwe chomveka ntchito munthu akamavutika. Choncho, zida chofunika mungakhale ndi ntchito m'munsi. Komabe, mu ndondomeko kapangidwe angapereke kwa unsembe wa kachitidwe zina mpweya wabwino ndi mpweya okwanira kachitidwe, amene adzaukitsidwa mu zida zofunikira kuthandiza ndi ntchito yonse ya dziwe. Izi adzachotsa kotheratu mphamvu kukokolola koma amapereka phindu mulingo woyenera kwambiri mpweya m'menemo. Pankhaniyi, bungwe la ntchito ndi zofunika mpweya wabwino chifukwa chitetezo cha kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo ayenera anakhalabe pa mlingo mofanana mpweya wabwino maiwe kusambira onse.

Zinthu kuganizira kuwerengetsa beseni magawanidwe

1. Area.
2. The pafupifupi multiplicity kuwombola mpweya ntchito yobweretsa ndi utsi mpweya beseni.
3. The mfundo khalidwe la mpweya pa mlendo.
4. N'zotheka mfundo za firiji.

Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba mikhalidwe imeneyo a kapezedwe ndi utsi dongosolo mpweya wabwino ayenera kuthetsa vuto ndi zotheka compactness kwambiri mayunitsi ake membala. Chifukwa chaichi amasankhidwa kuchitila akadakwanitsira ndi miyeso wonse wa chotenthetsera, ndi mafani komanso ntchito fyuluta dongosolo. Monoblock dongosolo lakonzedwa zigawo izi kwakukulukulu ziyeneretso. Komanso, kusankha dongosolo mpweya angapereke ayambe kutentha owonjezera kuchokera mafani kuti pang'ono kuchepetsa ndalama Kutentha dziwe malo. The kukwaniritsa ndi ndalama mphamvu kwa 25%. Komabe, mokwanira zone kulungamitsidwa nyengo kumanga dziwe kusambira, komanso buku ake m'pofunika kukhazikitsa ndi magwero zina Kutentha, monga Kutentha madzi. Ngati mukufuna kutenga madzi okwana dongosolo lawo yoperekera mu thamandalo, ndiye kapangidwe chofunika kusamalira zina zosefera madzi ndi madzi ntchito mu beseni, ndipo madzi luso kwa Kutentha ndi khalidwe zofunika kwambiri osiyana ndi malamulo ndi alendo osiyanasiyana zolinga ngati magetsi. Kawirikawiri, mabungwe maiwe ntchito sindipeza mwa nyumba zikuluzikulu - Nthawi zambiri mu annexe wapadera kapena mpanda osiyana. Choncho, dziwe mpweya wabwino ayenera Pankhaniyi kutikonza popanda waukulu dongosolo mpweya wa nyumbayi. Pofuna kuchepetsa madzi mphamvu ntchito dziwe lamkati, limene kumatanthauza kuwonongeka kwa migodi mpweya wabwino, madzi tebulo nthawi kutsekedwa. Izi kumachepetsa evaporation wa madzi, yafupika chonse chinyezi pafupifupi inathetsedwa kufunika madzi zina ikukoka mu mbale beseni.

Mfundo zothandiza kudziwa pafupifupi ntchito

Iwo akhoza zochokera magawo pamwambapa, koma ena kusintha amaloledwa ntchito payekha padziwe. Makamaka, malire m'munsi mwa chinyezi wachibale wa mpweya zina zikhoza kuchepetsedwa 50%. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti chiwerengero cha alendo a thamanda ndi ochepa ndi kusapeza mitengo yafupika chinyezi sudzakhala ngati noticeable. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuchepetsa chiopsezo condensation pa makoma a nyumba kusambira dziwe.
Angagwiritse machitidwe mpweya kuyamba kulongosola bwino mpweya otaya enieni. Pali tebulo komanso amene anapereka kutentha mu chipinda dziwe kudera la mbale wake. Malinga magawo izi zochokera tebulo deta mosavuta anapereka mtengo wolakalakika kulemera paola danga mpweya. Kenako, Mofananamo n'zotheka kudziwa zofuna ndi mphamvu machitidwe mpweya wabwino. Mwachitsanzo, ngati dziwe dera 32 m2 ndi pafupifupi kutentha kwa 340C chofunika mtengo otaya mpweya uyenera kukhala 1 100 M3 / h. Nchakuti magetsi mphamvu - 20 kW.

Magawo kwa kuwerengetsa dziwe magawanidwe

Kutulutsa mawerengedwe kuyambirira wa dziwe mpweya wabwino, malinga ndi zofunika luso, magawo zotsatirazi tiyenera kuziganizira:

- m'dera ntchito ya beseni galasi;
- padziko dera la mayendedwe ozungulira thamanda kusambira;
- malo okwana beseni ndi;
- kunja mpweya kutentha mu beseni zone zomangamanga (padera kwa pyatidnevok ozizira kwambiri ndi ofunda kwambiri zaka);
- kutentha osachepera madzi mu chosambira ya;
- osachepera mpweya kutentha;
- pafupifupi chiwerengero cha alendo dziwe;
- masamu kutentha kwa mpweya akufukulidwa ku dziwe chipinda (anafunika kudziwa kuopsa kondensatoobrazovaniya).

ntchito wolembedwa

- kutentha ndi kuzizira mu dziwe m'nyumba likuvutika dzuwa m'chilimwe, ndi alendo amene zikukangalika ntchito dziwe, kuchokera mkangano madzi beseni ku evaporation ake kuchokera pamwamba, ndi zifukwa zina.
- Kutentha kutengerapo chifukwa kutentha kusiyana kwa madzi muthawale (ndi chiwerengero cha osambira pafupifupi auka madzi kutentha).
Deta masamu kwa mpweya wabwino wa dziwe ayenera poyerekeza ndi makhalidwe normative ya mpweya. Zochokera mawerengedwe a asilikali mpweya Nthawi zina kusintha. Izi amaganizira zotheka kusinthasintha mu deta gwero chifukwa cha kusiyana mu kutentha kwa mpweya kunja mu ofunda ndi nyengo yozizira. Motero, anatsimikiza ndi munkalowa wa kachitidwe mpweya wabwino kwa mitundu iwiri ya ntchito kwa dziwe. Ngati ndi kotheka, kapangidwe zochita Akuwaunjikira malo otetezedwa kachitidwe owonjezera mpweya wabwino. Onetsetsani kuganizira danga zina, amene akhoza adzaikidwa mpweya zina ndi kuonetsetsa mosadodometsedwa chiphaso cha mpweya wabwino mu chipinda dziwe. Komanso, olembedwa ndi malo apadera, amene zina utsi mpweya kuonetsetsa outflow wa "anakhala" mpweya akhoza adzaikidwa.

kamangidwe magawanidwe

Choyamba, izo analoleza kuchepetsa chinyezi kololeka. Chachiwiri, leni mfundo mbiri ya mtengo mpweya otaya. Izi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito zizindikiro komanso deta masamu kwa nyumba zofanana.
Ntchito mpweya beseni amafuna kuwerengetsera.

Kulemera kuchuluka kwa mpweya umene ukubwera

W = exFxPb-PL, makilogalamu / h.
Mu dongosolo ili:
F - m'dera Calculated a padziko madzi muthawale kusambira, m2;
PB - kamangidwe kuthamanga pa evaporation cha chinyezi (zinthu chinyezi mkulu ndi pa kutentha ena a madzi muthawale), Bar;
PL - kuthamanga ya nthunzi ya madzi pa muyezo kutentha ndi chinyezi, Kumwa.
Popeza wodalira ichi ntchito anapezazo mu Germany, kumene kuthamanga wagawo ntchito 1 bala, ndiye ntchito yeniyeni ya chilinganizo ayenera kukumbukira kuti 1 Bar = 98,1 kPa.
E - mwamphamvu Chinthu pa evaporation, makilogalamu (m2 * HR * bala), potsata makamaka kapangidwe ndi malamulo opaleshoni beseni. Pakuti maiwe kusambira, kumene pamwamba madzi wokutidwa ndi filimu, index izi ndi 0.5, ndi pamwamba poyera - 5.
Kwambiri kuwonjezera phindu index izi ndi kuchuluka kwa alendo:
- ndi pang'ono - 15;
- ndi pafupifupi chiwerengero - 20.
- ndi kuchuluka yokulirapo - 28;
- optionally, pamaso pa wakwera madzi - 35.

Mpweya wa misa

mL = GWXB-XN, makilogalamu / h
ndi mowa mpweya voliyumu yake - malingana.
L = GWrxXB-XN, makilogalamu / h.
apa:
L - volumetric otaya mlingo, M3 / h.
mL - misa otaya mlingo, makilogalamu / h.
GW - chiwerengero cha chinyezi evaporating m'nyumba m'madamu, g / hr.
XN - misa chinyezi kuchokera kunja dziwe, g / kg.
XB - chinyezi misa mkati beseni g / kg.
r Mukhoza - osalimba a mpweya m'chipinda ndi kutentha anakonzeratu, makilogalamu / M3.
Tikumbukenso kuti mnyontho muyeso a mu ncera zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nyengo pa chaka. M'nyengo yozizira ndi 2-3 g / makilogalamu, ndi m'chilimwe - 11-12 g / kg. Nthawi zambiri, kulandilidwa ndi mawerengedwe deta pakuchitika kwa 8-9 g / kg.

Unsembe ndi msonkhano ntchito

Unsembe wa mpweya opangidwa ndi kusindikiza mosamala mapaipi ndi kutetezedwa kutentha zomvetsa m'menemo. Mosapita zosavomerezeka kulongosola otaya mpweya pamwamba madzi a thamanda. Ngati dongosolo mpweya ali wamng'ono miyeso, ndiye nkokoma kwa phiri mu denga danga mezhdupotolochnom dziwe. Chifukwa cha madera zotheka ndi wotsatira moto Musati kukhazikitsa izi wofewetsa mpweya anamanga mu dongosolo. Choncho, mpweya wabwino unsembe si zovuta ndondomeko, monga zingaoneke poyamba.