Maluwa a Apple: kufotokoza ndi kulimbana nawo. Kukonzekera kwa maapulo

Chaka ndi chaka, tizirombo zambiri zimasokoneza wamaluwa, kuwononga mbewu, mitengo ya zipatso ndi mitengo. Mitengo yokhudzidwa ili ndi mawanga, masamba awo amapotoka, zipatso zimagwa. Mitengo ya Apple ndi mbewu zina zimatha kugonjetsedwa ndi maapulo, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri zokolola ndi kuchepetsa khalidwe lake. Kodi kachilomboka ndi momwe mungagwirire ndi vutoli?

Maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe a maapulo

Nyongolotsiyi imakhala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ndi tchire lalitali. Kukula kwa wamkulu kumangokhala 4 mm. Pali magawo awiri ophwanyika pa elytra yomwe imasiyanitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chiwombankhangachi chili ndi mapiko omwe amachititsa kuti aziyenda mofulumira kwambiri. Izi zimakhudza kupezeka kwake kudutsa m'munda.

Zodabwitsa za kudyetsa maapulo ndikuti zimadya inflorescence, zomwe zimalepheretsa mapangidwe a ovary. Kuwonjezera pa mitengo ya apulo, weevil imapha rasipiberi ndi peyala.

Poyamba kutentha kwa kasupe (pafupifupi madigiri +5), kachilomboka kamatembenukira ku mitengo ndikudikirira kuti nyengo ikhale yamaluwa. Zisanayambe, iye amawotcha m'mapanga a makungwa a mitengo kapena masamba ogwa. Tizilombo timayambitsa impso zomwe zimachokera ku madzi. Pochita zimenezi, imayika mazira kuti amawonekere. Mphutsi yomwe imatuluka mkati mwa maluwa imayamba kudya kuchokera mkati, motero imayambitsa kupukuta ndi kufota kwa inflorescences.

Mtsinje wa Moyo

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa pafupifupi 6-8 madigiri, akuluakulu a apulo weevil amadzuka, kubisala mu masamba omwe agwa kapena makungwa a mitengo. Pamene yoyamba masamba ndi masamba a maluwa amaonekera, akazi amayamba kuika mazira mkati. Pambuyo pa masiku ochepa okha, mphutsi zimawoneka kuchokera kwa iwo, kudyetsa pamakhala, pistils ndi maluwa. Panthawiyi, mwanayo sangathe kupanga mawonekedwe, ndipo inflorescence imakhala yobiriwira ndipo imakhala yolimba kuchokera ku kutuluka kwa mphutsi. Mphutsi imakhala ndi masiku 9 mpaka 11, kenako imakhala munthu wokhwima maganizo, wokonzeka kubereka. Zomwe zimapezeka: zowonongeka zokha 20 zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zisawonongeke bwino mtengo wonse.

Momwe mtengo wokhudzidwa ukuwonekera

Chizindikiro choyamba cha kugonjetsedwa kwa maluwa a apulo ndi ma impso omwe sanatsegule mu nthawi. Malo okhudzidwa amapezeka mosavuta kumbuyo kwa chomera chobiriwira. Iwo ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wofiirira ndi kuyang'ana kowawa kwambiri. Komanso, impso zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimatha kuchepetsa madzi, makamaka nyengo ya dzuwa. Pankhaniyi, ngati mutayang'anitsitsa gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa, mumatha kuona kabowo kakang'ono kamene kachilomboka kamayika mazira.

Kumapeto kwa nyengo ya maluwa, ntchentche za maluwa zimatha kugwa pamasamba, ndipo zimakhala zotseguka. Ngati mumanyalanyaza kugonjetsedwa kwa mtengowo, mungathe kukhalabe osakolola, chifukwa tizilombo timabzala mwamsanga ndikudzaza munda wonsewo.

Mmene mungachotsere tizilombo

Kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, kachilomboka kangakhoze kuvulaza kwambiri mbewu za m'munda, choncho nkofunika kuyamba kumenyana nayo pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za kugonjetsedwa zimapezeka. Tsoka ilo, popanda mankhwala amakono ndizovuta, koma n'zotheka. Mmene mungagwirire ndi machitidwe a apulo maluwa? Mukhoza kuyesa njira zotsatirazi:

1. Kusonkhanitsa tizilombo ndi dzanja. Kachipangizo kameneka kakufanana ndi kamba kakang'ono ka Colorado mbatata - kumayambiriro kwa m'mawa, pamene nyongolotsi sizikhala ndi nthawi yobisala mkati mwa masamba, ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa ndi dzanja mu chidebe chodzaza madzi amchere. Njirayi ikuchitika, koma sizingatheke kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akudwala matendawa. Ambiri mwa iwo amabisala mu makungwa kapena pamthambi.
2. Kuwongolera kwa thunthu ndi nthambi zowonjezera. Kuwombera koyera sikulola kuti tizilombo tikwere mitengo kuchokera pansi, koma sizowopsa kwa iwo omwe atha kale kale pamunda.
3. Kugwedeza kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi timitengo ta matabwa, atakulungidwa mu zinthu zofewa, zomwe zimayenera kugogoda pa thunthu kuti maluwa asawonongeke pamphuno. Poyamba, pansi pa mtengo muyenera kuyika nsalu kuti muwasonkhanitse. Maluwa a Apple angadziyerekezere kuti ali akufa ndipo amangokhala chete kwa kanthawi, komabe n'kofunika kuwotcha tizilombo tonse tomwe timayambitsa.

Njirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, koma zothandiza kwambiri ndi mankhwala.

Kukonzekera motsutsana ndi weevil ya apulo

Njira zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga chiwerengero cha tizirombo tizilombo. Kupopera mbewu motsutsana ndi maapulo a apulo kumachitika panthawi ya Mphukira ikuphukira kapena m'dzinja mutatha kukolola. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi awa:

1. "Fufanon", malangizo othandizira, ndemanga zomwe zimayankhula zapamwamba kwambiri. Amagwiritsa ntchito mlingo wa 10 ml pa 10 malita a madzi.
2. "Calypso" - yotetezeka bwino kwa njuchi, ululu ndi njuchi. Kusakanizidwa ndi madzi pa mlingo wa 2 ml pa 10 malita a madzi.
3. "Kinmiks" imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuchokera ku zitsamba zokha, komanso kuchokera ku tizilombo tina tikudya masamba. Mankhwalawa ndi 2.5 ml pa 10 malita a madzi.
4. "Tanrek" - osatsuka ndi madzi pa mvula.
5. Carobophos amapopedwa ndi masamba pa mtengo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera 10% ya mankhwala pa 90% ya madzi.
6. Mankhwalawa "Decis", omwe amapereka ndondomeko yomwe imayambitsa ndondomeko ya 10 ml pa 10 malita a madzi.
7. "Inta-C-M" - piritsi limodzi pa chidebe cha madzi.

Mankhwalawa kuchokera maluwa a apulo akhoza kuwononga tizilombo towononga tizilombo tochepa kwambiri. Makamaka olima wamaluwa amavomereza a "Fufanon", malangizo omwe ntchito yake ndi yosavuta, ndipo mtengo ulipo. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zambiri ndipo siziwononga maluwa a apulo okha, koma tizirombo tina.

Njira zothandizira

Monga njira yowononga mitengo yomwe ili ndi weevil, njira zotchukazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Kuphatikizidwa kwa lamba losaka - chifukwa cha izi ndikofunikira kupotoza zokopa zolimba kuchokera ku nsalu ndikugona pamtengo. Matendawa amadzazidwa ndi makina apadera omwe amakoka tizilombo. Pamene tizilombo timamatira, ndikofunika kuchotsa ndi kuiwononga.
2. Musanayambe kusunga nyemba, mukhoza kutsuka mtengo ku makungwa akale , omwe angathe kubisala nyamakazi. Mwa njira iyi, chiŵerengero chawo chikhoza kuchepa kwambiri.
3. M'nyengo yophukira, pambuyo pa masamba akugwa, ndi bwino kuti awafoshe mu mulu ndikuwatumiza ku kompositi kapena kuwotcha . Chowonadi ndi chakuti ali mu masamba omwe wagwa kuti maluwa a bugulu angadye nyengo yozizira.
4. Mutatha kukolola masamba, mukhoza kukumba pansi.
5. Ndikofunika kuzindikira ndi kuchotsa masamba omwe akukhudzidwa ndi masamba pa nthawi kuti tizilombo tizilombo tisafalikire pansi pa mtengo. Izi zidzachepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa kachilomboka, ndipo adzapulumutsa mbewu zambiri.

Prophylaxis yotereyi ndi yabwino kuchitira kumapeto kwa nyengo, isanakwane, kapena m'dzinja, masana atagwa. Mwatsoka, njira zambiri sizigwira ntchito pakati pa maluwa.

Momwe mungayankhire bwino mbewu

Mankhwala ambiri otsutsana ndi kachilomboka kameneka amapangidwira kuti asungunuke ndi madzi mofanana ndi opanga, ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi atomizer. Kodi mungapange bwanji zomera zamasamba? Zotsatira zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitika:

1. Nkofunika kuti muyambe kuyendetsa bwino madzi, kuti musamavulaze mtengo. Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ziwiya zowonetsera ndi malangizo pa cholembacho.
2. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizapo Mphukira ikuphuka, mu nyengo yowuma, nyengo yofunda, kuti mphepo ndi mvula sizilepheretsa mankhwalawa kuti asalowe ku mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa za mtengo.
3. Zinthu zina ndizoopsa kwa anthu, kotero mankhwala a munda ayenera kuchitidwa ndi magolovesi ndi mask nkhope. Ndi chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kupopera pa maluwa, kotero kuti tizilombo sitigwera pa mwana yemwe amamera.
4. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti ya spray ndi phula lalitali kuti athe kukonza pamwamba pa mtengo.
5. Ndi zofunika kupopera mankhwala pamtunda wa masentimita 70 ndipo osachepera 90 cm kuchokera masamba.
6. Kupopera mbewu si masamba okha ndi nthambi, komanso thunthu, komanso dziko lapansi lozungulira mtengo.

Njira yoyenera yopopera tizilombo to mbeu idzakuthandizani kuwononga tizilombo toononga.

Kulimbana kwakukulu

Pofuna kuteteza munda, ndikofunikira kuyandikira kulimbana ndi tizilombo mosamala. Zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi agrotechnical ndi mankhwala, komanso kupewa.

Pa nthawi yomweyi, pofuna kuti asavulaze mtengo powapopera mbewu, amaluwa omwe amadziwa bwino amalangiza kuti asankhe mankhwala ovuta omwe amagwira ntchito osati pa maapulo okha, komanso pa tizilombo tina towononga.

Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu yambiri ya mitengo ya apulo, kugonjetsedwa ndi tsvetodu

Mitundu yonse ya maapulo ingagawidwe m'magulu angapo: osagonjetsedwa, osagonjetsedwa, osagonjetsedwa, chitetezo cha mthupi. Olima munda amalangiza kuti amvetsere mitundu iwiri yapitayi, ngati palibe nthawi, chilakolako kapena kuthekera kulimbana ndi tizirombo.

Zina mwa izo, tingathe kusiyanitsa mitundu yotsatirayi: Soyuz, Fairy, Rodnichok, Vasilisa, Palitra, Zamaliseche, Linda, Red Poppy, Prima, Aphrodite, Red Amber. Zimakhala zosagonjetsa osati kamba kakang'ono kokha, komanso matenda ambiri omwe amapezeka m'mitengo ya zipatso.

Kuphatikiza moyenera mitundu yabwino ya mitengo ya apulo ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso kukonza nthawi, mukhoza kupeza zokolola zokoma komanso zokoma.