Melikhovo - malo a Chekhov. Nyumba ya Chekhov ku Melikhovo

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ndi imodzi mwa mabuku otchuka kwambiri a mabuku a Russian. Mbiri yake ndi yosangalatsa monga ntchito. Chifukwa ambiri ma talente a wolemba wotchuka amapita ku Melikhovo kukayendera nyumba yake yosungiramo nyumba.

Mbiri ya malo

Melikhovo, malo a Chekhov, anakhala nyumba yoyamba ya wolemba. Asanapeze dziko lino, iye ndi banja lake anayenera kubwereka nyumba ndi kubisala alendo. Mu 1892 okha a Chekhovs anali ndi ngodya yawo.

Anton Pavlovich nthawi zonse ankafuna kukhala kunja kwa mzinda, pafupi ndi chilengedwe. Kwa iye kunali kofunika kusangalala ndi kukongola kwa chikhalidwe cha Russia, popanda kusokonezedwa ndi kukangana kumene kuli mzindawo.

Pamaso pa Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, malo a Melikhovo omwe anali malowa anali a Sarokhtan. Kukongola kwa malo awa kunamukopa iye. Koma, atakhala ku Melikhovo kwa nthawi inayake, wojambulayo anasankha kupita ku Germany. Iye adalengeza mu nyuzipepala.

Panthaŵiyi, Anton Pavlovich anabwerera kuchokera ku Sakhalin, ulendo womwe ukuwonetseredwa m'malemba ake. Amakhulupirira kuti ndiye analemba zolemba zenizeni za Sakhalin, zomwe sizinalembedwe ndi wolemba kapena katswiri aliyense. Atayenda ulendo wautali komanso wovuta, umene unali wodzaza ndi ntchito, Anton Pavlovich anayamba ndi mphamvu zatsopano kufunafuna malo kunja kwa mzinda. Ndipo iye anapeza Melikhovo.

Monga Chekhov mwiniwake adanena, malowa anali aakulu. Wogula adalandira malo ambiri m'deralo, komanso nkhalango. Mu chaka chogula, iye sanali wokongola ndipo sanawapatse anthu kuzungulira kuzizira pa tsiku lotentha la chilimwe. Mitengo inali itakali wamng'ono kwambiri. Koma Anton Pavlovich adanena kuti zinatenga zaka makumi awiri zokha kuti mitengo iyi ikhale mitengo yokongola kwambiri.

Moyo wa Chekhov ku Melikhovo

Melikhovo, komwe, patapita zaka zambiri, Nyumba ya Chekhov idzaonekera, mwamsanga inakhala nyumba ya Chekhov. Iye samakhala chete kwa mphindi imodzi. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake yopanda ntchito, chiwembu pafupi ndi nyumbayo chinali chokongoletsedwa ndi munda wokongola. Chekhov adasamalira yekha mitengoyo. Komanso amagwira ntchito mumthunzi wawo.

Mlongo Anton Pavlovich, Maria, nayenso sanalekerere nkhawa za malowa. Anampatsa nthawi kumunda. Kumeneko sizinangokhala zamasamba zomwe zinali zodziwika kwa pafupifupi aliyense, komanso mavwende, artichokes, katsitsumzukwa ndi zina zambiri.

N'zosadabwitsa kuti banja la Chekhov silinasowe kupita mumzindawo nthawi zonse. Kunyumba kwawo kunali nthawizonse zatsopano kuchokera kumunda ndi kumunda. Panalibe kusowa kwa mkaka ndi nyama. Komanso, mukhoza kupita ku bowa.

Chipatala

Ngakhale kuti ankachita zochitika zamakalata, Anton Pavlovich ankadziona ngati dokotala. Chifukwa anali otsimikiza kuti ayenera kukhala pafupi ndi anthu, chifukwa chikhalidwe cha zipatala m'midzi chinali chokhumudwitsa, ndipo maphunziro a madokotala anachoka kwambiri. Chekhov ankakhulupirira kuti aliyense ayenera kulandira mankhwala abwino.

Chifukwa cha khama lake, madokotala awiri ndi kolera ambiri anatsegulidwa. Anton Pavlovich mwiniwakeyo anachita nawo mbali pa ntchito ya mabungwe awa. Analola olima ndi ana awo, anathandiza zonse zomwe angathe.

Ndondomeko ya ntchito ya Anton Pavlovich inali yovuta kwambiri. Kuti agwire ntchito kuchipatala, iye anayenera kudzuka molawirira kwambiri, ndipo kale pa 5 koloko m'mawa kuti apite kuntchito. Ntchito ya chinthucho idapitirira mpaka 9 koloko m'mawa. Panthawiyi anthu osauka amatha kupita kwa dokotala, maola ena onse omwe anali otanganidwa. Ngakhale pasanathe faifi koloko m'mawa, pakhomo la madokotala, odwala oyambirira anawonekera, akudikirira moleza mtima kubwera kwa dokotala.

Anthu okhalamo ankatha kukondana ndi Anton Pavlovich. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake panalibe kuphulika kwa kolera ku Melikhovo.

Zochita zothandizira

Kusamalira chisamaliro cha anthu okhalamo sikunali kokha ku malo ochipatala. Chifukwa cha Anton Pavlovich, malo ambiri ofunikira moyo adapezeka m'madera akumidzi. Mwachitsanzo, khama lake linatsegula positi ku Lopasne. Tsopano positi ofesi sichithanso kugwira ntchito, m'malo mwake anatsegulidwa "Museum of letters", yomwe imadziwikanso ndi Melikhovo Chekhov Manor.

Pa nthawiyi sukulu za ana akumeneko zinatsegulidwa. Zinali zophweka kumanga. Anton Pavlovich anatenga nawo mbali pakupanga mapulojekiti, osankhidwa osankhidwa. Anayenera kugula ndalama zake kuti malingalirowo akwaniritsidwe.

Ntchito zonse za Chekhov zinaperekedwa. Mipingo inapatsa ana maphunziro abwino nthawi imeneyo ndipo ankaonedwa kuti ndi abwino koposa m'chigawo chonse cha Moscow.

Tsopano aliyense angaphunzire momwe ana a sukulu a zaka zomwe adaphunzirira. Kuthamanga ku Melikhovo Museum, ndi bwino kupita ku sukulu imodzi, yomwe inakhala museum. Adzakhalanso okondwa kulankhula za Anton Pavlovich.

Alendo a Chekhov

Inde, ngodya yodabwitsa kwambiri, kuphatikizapo luso lake lothandizira, silingathe kuwongola chidwi. Chekhov nthawi zonse anali ndi alendo ambiri. Anayambanso kunena kuti sakanatha kugwira ntchito chifukwa ankakhala nthawi zonse m'chipinda chodyera, kudya kapena kudya ndi munthu wina.

Ena mwa alendo a Anton Pavlovich anali anthu otchuka kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Nemirovich-Danchenko wotchuka nthawi zambiri ankakhala kuno. Anali bwenzi labwino la Anton Pavlovich. Povomereza kukongola kwa chikhalidwe cha Melikhov, iwo adakambirana za zisudzo, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika ku Russia ndi zina zambiri.

Ojambulawo ankakonda kupita ku Chekhov kwambiri. Iwo adauziridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ena mwa alendo a Anton Pavlovich angadziwike kuti Levitani. Iye ankakonda kusungulumwa ndi kukongola kukongola. Tsopano anthu amene abwera ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za Chekhov ku Melikhovo akhoza kuona "phiri la Levitan" lomwe ojambulawo ankakonda kupumula. Kuchokera pano, malingaliro abwino amatsegula. N'zosadabwitsa kuti anauzira Levitiya kwambiri.

Museum-Estate ya Chekhov

Nyumba ya munthu wolemekezeka woteroyo iyenera kusungidwa kuti ikhale yachitukuko. Tsopano aliyense akhoza kupita ku Melikhovo. Malo a Chekhov ndi malo omwe amatha kunena zambiri za mbuye wanu waluso. Chifukwa cha kuyesayesa kwa Anton Pavlovich, nyumbayo inakhala yokongola komanso yosangalatsa. Ngakhale pambuyo pa zaka zambiri pambuyo pa imfa ya wolembayo, mpweya umene wolemba wotchuka anakhalako ndikugwira ntchito umamveka apa.

Pali malo ambiri osungiramo zinthu zakale m'madera omwe anganene za moyo wa Anton Pavlovich, komanso za moyo wa anthu a nthawi imeneyo. Ndikofunika kuyenda m'deralo, ndikuyamikira dziwe, lomwe limachokera ku Chekhov lotchedwa Aquarium.

Inde, m'pofunika kudziŵa Hina Markovna ndi Brom Isayevich. Ndiwo dzina la agalu omwe amakonda Anton Pavlovich. Tsopano pa gawo la malowa pali chopatulira choperekedwa kwa iwo.

Kachipatala chapakati

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov adapatsa nthawi yochulukitsa mankhwala. Dokotala ndi maphunziro, iye amayesera kuchita chirichonse kuti athandize anthu. Anapitiriza ntchito yogwira ntchito ku Melikhovo. Mzinda wa Chekhov unakhala malo omwe anthu odwala anapita kukawathandiza. Ndipo lero, alendo ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ku Melikhovo amatha kupeza momwe madokotala ankagwirira ntchito m'zaka zimenezo, momwe odwala ankachiritsidwa, ndi matenda omwe ankawoneka kuti ndi oopsa kwambiri.

Alendo adzalankhulanso momwe adapereka chithandizo choyamba. Zambiri mwa zomwe zikuyimiridwa ku chipatala chakumidzi zidzawoneka zoopsa kwa munthu wamakono. Komabe, zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuti aliyense adziwe mbiri yake. Zotsatirazo zidzakuuzani za mtundu wa mankhwala azitsamba Anton Pavlovich Chekhov amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ntchito yake, momwe iye anakulira iwo. Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi ulendo wa ana, chifukwa ogwira ntchito yosungiramo zinthu zakale amayesetsa kupanga alendo kuti azikhala osangalala.

Zolimbikitsa

Nthaŵi yochuluka yomwe takhala pano ku Chekhov. Melikhovo anakhala nyumba yake, kumene adayambitsa ntchito zake zambiri. Ntchito yaikulu ya ntchito ya wolembayo ikugwirizana ndi nyumbayo. Panali pano Anton Pavlovich ankagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri. Poyendera nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale, mungathe kudziwa momwe mlembi waluntha adalenga ntchito zake, zomwe zinamuuzira iye.

M'phiko muli chipinda chosiyana, chomwe chimakuthandizani kuti mudziwe bwino moyo wa alimi a nthawi imeneyo. Nthawi ina m'chipinda chino panali atsikana omwe ankagwira ntchito kukhitchini. Tsopano palinso nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Alendo adzaphunzira momwe anthu okhala ku Melikhovo ankakhalira, momwe ankakhalira ndi kugwira ntchito ku malo a Chekhov. Komanso alendo angathe kuona uvuni weniweni wa ku Russia.

Chekhov's Museum-Estate ndi imodzi mwa malo abwino kwambiri omvetsetsa mmene anthu a m'nthaŵi ya Anton Pavlovich ankakhalira. Poyang'ana mapiko, simungapeze kokha za wolemba, komanso za alendo ake otchuka, amene nthawi zambiri amawonekera pano. Kutsogolera mokondwera kudzafotokoza mbiri yododometsa za anthu odabwitsa omwe anapita ku Melikhovo. Mzinda wa Chekhov uli wolemera mwa iwo.

Zikondwerero ndi maholide

Chilichonse chachitidwa kuti nyumba yosungirako nyumba ya Chekhov ikhale yokopa alendo ambiri. Nthawi iliyonse alendo akamabwera kuno, amatha kukhala nawo pachitchuthi chosaiwalika. Izi zikhoza kukhala ntchito ya ana aang'ono, kupanga masewera a Anton Pavlovich pansi pa mlengalenga lotseguka kapena chikondwerero cha Russia. Ndili pano kuti ngakhale chiwonetsero cha dachshunds chimachitika, chifukwa agalu awa adakondedwa ndi Chekhov.

Melihovo kwenikweni amasangalala ndi akulu ndi ana.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji?

Anthu ambiri amasangalala ndi Melikhovo, malo a Chekhov. Kodi mungapeze bwanji ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakalezi? Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa pandekha pawotokha komanso pagalimoto. Ngati chisankho chasankhidwa kuti chikhale chokondweretsa, ndi bwino kulingalira nthawi kuti musayambe kukwanira anthu onse. Kawirikawiri anthu ambiri amabwerera kuchokera ku Melikhovo Lamlungu madzulo.

Melikhovo, malo a Chekhov, pamapu ali ndi chizindikiro chapadera. Pezani izo sizikhala zophweka. Choncho, ngati oyendayenda adasankha kuyenda pamsewu kuchokera ku Moscow, ndiye kuti apita ku M2 njira 72 km. Ndiye padzakhala kutembenukira kwa Melikhovo. Pambuyo pa kutembenuka mudzafunika kuyendetsa galimoto ina 12 km.

Poyenda pagalimoto, mukhoza kupita ku sitima ya sitima ya Kursk kapena ku Tsaritsyno. Zidzakhala zofunikira kufika mumzinda wa Chekhov. Pafupi ndi siteshoni ya sitima sitidzakhalapo. Muyenera kuyendetsa basi kapena taxi yoyendetsedwa pa nambala 25 ndikupita ku Melikhovo. Ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito pointer kuti mufike ku manor.

Malo a Museum of Chekhov ndi amodzi mwa malo otchuka komanso osangalatsa pa mapu a Russia. Pitani ku Melikhovo zidzakhala zokondweretsa onse pandekha, ndi mabwenzi, komanso ndi banja lanu. Ngakhale ana sadzasowa kunjenjemera m'malo osangalatsa, odzazidwa ndi mpweya wapadera.