"Mfumu ya nsomba" undeciphered Ariadne ndi ulusi ntchito. Chidule Astafyan buku

Viktor Petrovich Astafev alibe mtima wofuna kukhala wolemba. Ntsiku inango mudamala kuwina nkhondo Mwamunayu anali kumva ngati wolemba alendo kuwerenga ntchito achinyengo nkhondo nkhani. Astafieva, ndi mphoto "Order ya Red Chabwino" ndi Mendulo "Pakuti mtima" atalakwira mawu yonama. Usiku akutifikiranso nkhani "Siberia" limodzi ndi - kolenonepreklonenny tingachipeze powerenga mabuku Russian ndi Soviet. Zojambula Astaf'eva "Mfumu ya nsomba" adzalembedwa kwa iwo kenako - pambuyo zaka 30. Ndipo usanathe zaka 10 kwambiri anavulazidwa ndi chigoba kudabwa, iye anali mu yamtendere adzakhala ndimalota nkhondo.

Msonkhano usanayambe anali anazunzidwa bambo, amene anali chisoni anapha mayi, kunyumba za ana. Classic kwambiri comprehended nkhondo monga asilikali patsogolo, mwachikulu, popanda "nkhani politotdelskih" - kuchokera mthunzi pa khwalala Zhitomir ndi mitembo "rutted" "awo" matope mediocre, wamagazi ankawoloka Dnieper mu chaka cha 1943 popanda yopuma, popanda kukonzekera, popanda maboti kumanga pa kupambana kwa Kursk lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi. (Pamenepo, asilikali wamba, kwinaku ndikulimbana ndi mbali zina munthu mmodzi yekha zisanu ndi ziwiri, ambiri a anthu amene anaphedwa pamene mukuwoloka 300,000 chabe uyo anamira).

Komabe, iye anali pa kaonedwe lauzimu kwambiri kuposa mutu wa nkhondo, panali mbali mogwirizana wa munthu ndi chirengedwe, zabwino ndi zoipa. "Chinachake chofunika kwambiri mu bwino" Nature - Man - Society "mtima wosweka" - intuitively anamvetsa Astafjevs. "Mfumu ya nsomba" chidule adzatenge sanali liniya ake, multivariate. Ndicho chimene polemba chinenero chimenechi - ndi nzeru zaumunthu buku! Izi ndi nkhani msodzi osati za msodzi, za nsomba ndi za nsomba. Tiyeni tiwone! Pambuyo ntchito Astafieva - tonse! Mu pafupifupi dreamlike unsembe epic, ndi mkhalidwe wa moyo wakumudzi, wolemba pang'onopang'ono kumabweretsa owerenga woganiza ndi maganizo a kulapa. Khalidwe chapakati - wolemera mwininyumba Ignatich, mwayi msodzi, sakubwerera kwa poaching. Kamodzi anawona Nsombazi yaikulu, amadziwa: munthu wopanda khasu. Koma dyera akupambana. Nsombazi ndi "Mfumu ya nsomba". Chidule Astafyevskaya mankhwala zina zikutibweretsa ife ku mzere nkhani, pamene akodwa mu ukonde koma mu ngowe ndi Nsombazi, ndi Ignatich mofanana miyoyo yawo. Zilinso ophiphiritsa. Imfa mofanana onse akukumana nawo. Ndipo kokha msodzi, zothaŵa, akukumbukira tchimo lake - mchitidwe mokondera pa Glasha akazi. Pamene mphamvu pafupifupi wapita, iye moona mtima walapa, makalata kupempha chikhululukiro. Kenako, mzere nsomba mwadzidzidzi wofooka, ndipo mukubwera wosamasula reciprocal.

Kodi mukuganiza za kaya nsomba zinalembedwa mu dziko kumene KGB vigilantly oyang'anira ndi otsutsa? Zimene tingachipeze powerenga chinenero Aesopian? Kodi chofunika si kutaya, kuyesera kusonyeza molondola mmene buku "Mfumu ya nsomba" Mwachidule?

Astafjevs mu nthawi ya stagnation Luso tingachipeze powerenga woyamba amafuna kuthetsa mwamsanga mavuto padziko lonse: "Kodi tikukhala" (Pakuti kutsogolo palibe zoonekeratu kuti analonjeza zaka 5 Khrushchev chikominisi kubwera ..) Kodi ife kupita chitsogolo, amene anatigwira kumbuyo ? Ndiyeno wolemba akubwera nzeru: tiyenera kulapa. Ndipo Astafjevs msilikali, monga nzika, musazengereze, lingaliro ili zikhoza magulu "Mfumu ya nsomba" mu maonekedwe basi n'zotheka kupewa kukhala ndi wothamangitsidwa.

Kenako mu "masanje mwa msewu" Abale Strugatsky mu kupweteka kutseka powonekera komanso aganyali m'kamwa mwa protagonist amene akukhala mu mphamvu ya woyendera nthambi anomalous, kupulumutsa mawu a kulapa ndi dalitso kwa anthu onse. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti m'tsogolo zotsutsana kukula zinachititsa chakuti mutu wa kulapa kwambiri actualized kuposa mu mawonekedwe anayambitsa ndi ife mu "Mfumu ya nsomba". chidule Astafyevskaya ntchito ndithu ouziridwa tingachipeze powerenga ndi wachitatu - Victor Pelevin pa kukanikiza pakati Zomwe zinachitika mu buku lake phantasmagoric "Bukhu Wopatulika wa Werewolf." Inasanduka olumala ndi zopanda nkhandwe Mikhailovich (Russian anthu), pozindikira kulephera kwa mwayi wake ndi kulapa, kuwawa akufunsa ng'ombe motley (Russian Land) kwa mafuta ake, kuti apulumuke ndi kulipira ngongole freeloaders. Pelevin ndi kwenikweni ichi chimene moyo ndi wokhudza moyo wa mawu ...

Tiyeni tibwerere ku buku la. lingaliro Aika - kufunikira yofunika kulapa. Njira yokhayo kupulumuka ndi munthu, ndi "Mfumu ya nsomba". Chidule Astafyevskaya ntchito chimatitsogolera kumvetsa kufunika kwa chisoni kuona zofunika kwa anthu ndiponso anthu onse. Upamwamba nthawi kuti kumva. Iwo, kukhala mchere wa dziko lapansi, zaka khumi pamaso tsoka kumalondolera Alamu. Mwina, ndiye, mu '70s, mu njira kutukuka kuthetsa kusemphana ndi kukhala dziko demokalase, wosasamalira mwakhama-kumenya masamba mbiri ndipo analapa, ife ndakuchenjezani kugwa kwa mayiko amphamvu kwambiri. Tikhale womasuka ndi momveka, popanda mwayi R. Reagan zaka 10 kuti Western World synchronously azipereka ife ziletso chuma, ndi tiyesedwe "Ufumu zoipa." Ndipotu, mu 1974 boma la Soviet Union adali watembereredwa.