Mikhail Sholokhov, buku "The Matama Don": ndemanga, mafotokozedwe ndi makhalidwe a ngwazi za

"Matama Umayenda ya Don" - ntchito kwambiri anthu amene ali odzipereka kwa Don Cossacks. Pamlingo izo poyerekeza ndi "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" Tolstoy. Limangotsatira chipika yaikulu moyo wa anthu a m'mudzi Cossack ndi tsoka la anthu Russian epic buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don". Otsutsa kugwirizana pa chinthu chimodzi: bukuli ndi chimodzi cha zazikulukulu mu mabuku. Opinion a wolemba si choncho wachiphamaso. Nkhaniyi khama mikangano za olemba a buku otchuka ndi mapangidwe a atchulidwa lapansi.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

yonena za pathupi mu makumi oyambirira a atumwi wotsiriza. kulemba wake anali yoyamba chilengedwe cha nkhani ya Don. Otchulidwa Cossack m'mudzi anauzira wolemba ntchito yaitali pa zojambulajambula zikuluzikulu. Ndi "Matama Umayenda ya Don" ndi buku chachinayi inatha mu 1940. Reviews ofufuza, ndi mwa iwo anali Alexander Solzhenitsyn, mfundo ndi zambiri mtsutso. Woyambitsa "The Circle Choyamba", ananena kuti nkhani ya m'buku ili zinachitikira wapamwamba kwambiri ndi mlingo wa maphunziro Sholokhov. Ntchito imeneyi, malinga Solzhenitsyn, ndikanakhoza kokha udzakhazikitsidwa mbuye ndipo patapita zoyesayesa ambiri. Mikhail Sholokhov makumi oyambirira nthawi imene iye analemba buku loyamba. Kumbuyo kwake iye anali makalasi anayi okha sukulu.

Mwina geniuses amene anabadwa kamodzi mu zaka zana, ndi woyambitsa wa buku la "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don"? Otsutsa ndi owerenga ntchito wotsatira Sholokhov kuti konse ntchito zake wolemba sankafuna talente zochuluka.

Makamaka buku la

Long macheza ndi Cossacks chisanadze chosintha anali yoyamba ntchito pa ntchito yabwino kwambiri monga "Matama Don". Reviews otsatira lingaliro la plagiarism zochokera chakuti chifukwa cha msinkhu wawo Sholokhov sakanakhala zinakuchitikirani. Mu buku, choyamba zonse, kupanda lolondola zithunzi za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi maganizo otchulidwa ongowalingalirawa.

Pakati - anthu ndi yowala khalidwe munthu ndi nkhani yovuta. Kwambiri ndi chikusonyeza moyo njira Grigoriya Melehova. khalidwe - kuonetseredwa kwa onse a Don Cossacks. Pofunafuna moyo wake - tsogolo la nthumwi zonse za chikhalidwe chikhalidwe. ntchito wamba anali wofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa aliyense wa iwo. Ndipo chitsanzo cha ngwazi za akuonetsedwa ngati zinali zovuta kusiya njira zawo chikhalidwe cha moyo, moyandikana kumtunda ndi m'mphawi ntchito yosavuta Don Cossacks. Buku wodzala zokongola zedi. Kukongola ndi mitundu ya chikhalidwe mbali yofunika kwambiri mu nkhani lonse la buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don".

Sholokhov ndemanga kulemba kulenga zinalembedwa motere: "Iye ndi wolemba oipa amene amatha anawonjezapo zenizeni, kufuna kulekera mmene wa owerenga." Ndipo mu epic buku lalikulu umboni wa mawu amenewa alipo osati kukongola kwa Don chikhalidwe ndi maganizo olemekezeka a m'nkhaniyi, komanso makhalidwe lamkunkhuniza, kumalire pa chodabwitsa.

Gregory Melekhov

otchulidwa buku la - zithunzi za zovuta, Mipikisano faceted. Chief pakati pawo - Gregory Melekhov. Pa chiyambi cha ntchito imasonyezedwa monga munthu anazolowera mtendere m'mphawi ntchito. Kuyenera anati za kalembedwe la wolemba, wodzazidwa ndi mitundu yowala bwino kuti mitundu yeniyeni. "Miyendo Gregory ntchito kupondaponda dziko lapansi," - mawu awa Gregory yothandizana chifanizo ndi kulenga chithunzi cha munthu zoyembekezeka ntchito ndi banja. Komabe, achinyamata ndi magazi kum'mwera kukhala yofunika kwambiri tsogolo lake. Iye anagwa mu chikondi ndi mkazi wokwatiwa. Chifukwa cha maganizo ake kutsimikizira zochita zake zoopsa, mmodzi amene - kusamalira banja ndi utumiki mkwati.

Imodzi mwa mizere nkhani - ndi nkhani ya chikondi zachilendo Gregory ndi Aksinya. Reviews m'buku la "The Matama Don" anasiya ambiri FG Biryukov. Soviet zolembalemba, amakana chiphunzitso cha plagiarism Sholokhov, makamaka, iye ananena kuti chilengedwe cha buku, mlembiyu anali kutali yabata. Ntchito yayikulu ndi patriarchalism ndi miyambo chigumula, ndi retardation banja. Koma makamaka amphamvu mdima mbali ya moyo wa munthu zikusonyezedwa mitu pa nkhondo. The protagonist amaona zonyansa za moyo wa munthu, ndipo anagwidwa ndi chisokonezo chachikulu ndi kukaikira.

Gregory pa nkhondo

Horror mores asilikali anaona Melekhov kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti iye sadziwa njira yake. Iye amaona fratricide imfa. Gregory anakumana ndi "ofiira" Cossack, kumene kumakhudza mumtima mwake. Koma ataona imfa yake yoopsa zachiwawa ndi chimachititsa kuti mbali ya "woyera". Koma pano samatisiya kumachitika anasankha bwino. Osawerengeka akungoyendayenda m'dziko Russian, nkhondo, kuba ndi umphawi, kumapeto abwerere kunyumba kwake, kamodzi anthu ndiponso yaphokoso. Anapulumuka mwana yekhayo ndi mlongo wa Gregory - nkhondo yapachiweniweni sanalekerere aliyense.

"Matama Umayenda ya Don" - buku, kupenda zimenezi zinachititsa pafupifupi chithunzi otchuka mu mabuku a XX atumwi. Chilituyaniya wolemba J. Avizhyus ananena kuti woyambitsa wa ntchito imeneyi chachikulu sayenera kutsatira malangizo alionse ndi malamulo anali. Ndipo chifukwa buku la kwalembedwa mwamphamvu, ndipo sichifa chotentha n'kusindikiza choonadi cha moyo. "The mawonekedwe a buku ali ndi kukhulupirika kawirikawiri ngati chosema kuchokera dongo limodzi" - analemba J. Avizhyus.

The phunziro la olemba mbiri ambiri otchuka ndi otsutsa zolembalemba anali "Matama Umayenda ya Don". ndemanga wotsutsa buku la - mutu wa chiwerengero chachikulu cha nkhani yovuta. V. V. Petelina maganizo waukulu khalidwe ntchito yaikulu inali chiphunzitso cha typicality wa khalidwe. Malinga ndi wotsutsa zolembalemba, Gregory ndi chizindikiro cha anthu onse, fano gulu la anthu onse amene anapulumuka tsoka mu zaka za zisinthe. Ndipo panali miyandamiyanda.

Aksinya

The mbali yaikulu ndiye chimake cha luso chilakolako mukamva ndi chibadwa. tsoka lake chisoni ndipo osati zoipa, anapatsidwa zochitika zomwe zachitika m'nyumba ya bambo. Aksinya anali anthu a nkhanza. Zimenezi kuyala mthunzi pa kugona ndi mwamuna wamng'ono. Koma kondanani Axinya zimasintha m'kupita kwa nkhani. heroine ndi ukalamba, ndipo ndi izo kukula ndi kumverera kwake. Kumayambiriro kwa buku la ndi kudzikonda, ndipo pamapeto akukumbutsa chisamaliro akuchikazi, ndi nsembe.

Ndi wochenjera maganizo ankafotokozedwa makamaka buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" Sholokhov Mikhail. Reviews, malingaliro za bukhu, ngakhale mtsutso pa osaleka za olemba a, kugwirizana pa chinthu chimodzi - ndi ntchito yaikulu. Alexei Tolstoy anati kuti chilengedwe ichi, ndipo ngakhale zokongola anapereka moyo wa Don Cossacks, komabe zikuonekera mitu chilengedwe akunja.

Chifanizo cha Don

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa Cossacks m'chifanizo buku. Suli kutali ndi mudzi wa Veshenskaya, kunyumba kwa m'nkhaniyi, anatambasula ndi wamphamvu Don. Iyeyo si wina osati monga chizindikiro cha moyo kwa anthu onse. Title m'buku lakuti umasiyana ndi zochitika zimene ziri m'menemo. moyo Banja Melekhovo, Astakhov ndi anthu ena ali odzazidwa ndi bata ndi mtendere. Koma chifaniziro cha mtsinje limaimira kudzipereka ndi zoyembezereka za m'nkhaniyi, amene analengedwa mu buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" Mikhail Sholokhov. Comments za buku ili Sergeya Mihalkova ndi kuyerekeza udindo wa Don mu ntchito ya wolemba Soviet ndi Volga ntchito Gorky a.

Natalia

Pa luso Sholokhov zabwino ndemanga ndi ndemanga anatsala oimira chachikulu cha mabuku Soviet. "Matama Umayenda ya Don" Wolemba mabuku Yu. V. Bondareva, buku limene Pachithunzipa anali tsogolo la anthu wamba. Oimira anthu anadzakhala zithunzi akukondedwa ntchito ya olemba ovomereza-Soviet. Koma tiyenera kupereka msonkho kwa mphatso luso a wolemba amene analenga zithunzi za heroines, amene kenako anakhala yowala mbiri ya mabuku onse. Izi zithunzi ndi mokhudza Axinya ndi chete wachikondi Natalia ndi Darya zosafunikira.

Mkazi Gregory Melehova - mwiniwake wa chikondi chosadzikonda, kukoma mtima, wopandamalire chikondi akuchikazi. Mu zaka zoyambirira za ukwati, iye si angathe mawu a maganizo. Natalia anali wamng'ono kwambiri, ndipo mtima wake sunali wotentha. Iwo amakankhira Gregory osaleka kufananitsa ndi mkazi wake wokondedwa Aksinya.

Tsoka la Natalia ndi chisoni moyo wa Umu ndi mmene Penina. Gregory ndi pakati pa iye ndi mbuye wake, ndipo akhoza paliponse osangalala. Koma, ngakhale zonse, akupitirizabe kukondana ndi kukhala okhulupirika. Imfa ya Natalia Melekhova kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti chikondi makona wasweka. Palibe salinso chindiletsa Mwamwayi Gregory ndi Aksinya. Komabe, pali nkhondo, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto, zowawa ndi imfa. Ndipo palibe kanthu zambiri.

Ilinichna

Zidzachuluka mphamvu ya chikondi akuchikazi ndi nzeru amakhala Ilinichna. Iye amadziwa moyo ndi lamulo umene umalamulira mu izo. Nzeru za mkazi uyu limasonyeza ubale wake kwa mtengwa. Izo kachiwiri amatenga Natalia mu nyumba yake ndi kukambirana mwachidule, amafuna kuti akapereke chinamuchitikira. Ilinichna kukonzanso mtendere m'nyumba, umboni ndi ubwenzi wake ndi Panteleem Prokofevichem. Iye yekha amatha kutsitsa zakutchire otentha mtima munthu uyu. Ndipo iye akudziwa kuti yekha chikondi cha ana angathe kulumikiza makolo.

Pantelei

Melekhovo mutu wa banja - munthu mwakhama ndiponso wakhama. Lili kwambiri mwachionekere makhalidwe a worldview chakale banjalo. Melekhov Sr. akuganiza ali ndi ufulu kulanga osakhulupirika mkazi wake mwana wamkulu. Ndipo iye yekha ndiye Mkwatibwi wamng'ono kuti ndiko kwambiri mkulu chimanjamanja ngakhale ndi mores a nthawi. Koma mkati Panteleya Prokofevicha amakhala mtima, mwachikondi. makhalidwe amenewa kuwonetseredwa, poyamba pa zonse, ndi nkhani Natalia. Atate kuwawa chifukwa mwana ankadedwa ndi mwana wake. Amayesetsa kukwaniritsa chilungamo. Ndipo ngakhale chiphunzitso cha iye ali wokongola chosiyana lotengeka ndi zochita zake zokha zolinga zabwino.

Peter Melekhov

Kukongola ndi chithumwa otsika mkulu m'bale Gregory. Koma pachiyambi cha buku izo kuwawonetsera nzeru, bata abwino chikhalidwe. Kenako mitu, amene amanena za utumiki usilikali, owerenga ukuonekera yosiyaniranapo Peter. Izi - ndi mochenjera, akhoza atengere. No magazi otentha mwa Iye, ndi atate wake, mng'ono ndi mlongo. Ndipo pali zolinga mfulu ufulu chimene chimabweretsa pamodzi mamembala Melekhovo banja.

Daria

khalidwe lina losangalatsa yaikazi ndi mkazi wa Petro. Daria - wokongola, wochepa. Mabanja n'zoperewera cha kukongola kwake girlish. Koma kulakalaka kukhala ndi moyo, sangalalani amakankhira izo kuchita mitundu yonse ya atilakwira. Kowopsa kwambiri kwa iwo akukhala kupha. Komabe, akutsogoleredwa ndi "matenda oipa" chifukwa cha zochitika chosaneneka chikondi, iye mwadala anamira mu mtsinje waukulu.

Reviews

Za buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" Mihail Sholohov anati ngati ntchito imene anamupatsa nthawi yovuta. M'bukuli, iye anafotokoza okalamba ndi Russia latsopano, ndipo ambiri Chofunika - chowawa nthawi ya kusintha kwakukulu, amene wolumala tsogolo la anthu. Mavuto ndi kulandidwa bwanji khalidwe la ngwazi, amene mu nkhani anasintha.

mtengo National ndi buku "The Matama Don". Mikhail Sholokhov dzina lake Yu. V. Bondarevym mokwanira mbiri, ntchito yake anali yofunika kwambiri kuposa ntchito ofufuza anthu amene ali ndi chizolowezi zosokoneza kuposa owala.

Funso la amene analemba "The Matama Don", ndi mwalamulo kutsekedwa. Analembedwa ndi buku yasonyeza. Iye analenga buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" Sholohov Mihail Aleksandrovich. Akatswiri ena ali ndi ufulu kufotokoza maganizo amene adzipangira yaitali ntchito yaikulu. Koma mawu oti "wolemba wamng'ono buku wamkulu kwambiri mu mabuku anayi" zikumveka, osachepera, zachilendo. Koma, mwinamwake, izo zonse mu talente apamwamba amene unaonekera yekha m'buku limodzi.