Kodi chikumbutso ndi chikumbutso kapena ayi?

Mawu akuti "chikumbutso" amapezeka mu makina nthawi zambiri, ndipo, moona, sikuti nthawi zonse zimatanthauzira zomwe kwenikweni amatanthauza. Dzina loti ndi piramidi ya Aigupto, komanso ndende yomwe kale inali ndende ya Auschwitz, komanso mpikisano wothamanga. Chikumbutso ndi chiani? Chikumbutso kapena ayi? Tidzayesera kumvetsa izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Chiyambi cha lingaliro

Kotero, poyambirira, tiyeni tizinene kuti mawu omwewo amachokera ku Latin memoria, omwe ali ndi matanthauzo angapo. Ichi ndi chikumbutso, nthano, mbiri, umboni wolembedwa, ndipo, ndithudi, chikumbutso.

Monga momwe tikuonera, njira imodzi, lingaliro lokha limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukumbukira ndi njira zothetsera. Mwachidule kwambiri, chikumbutso ndi mtundu wazinthu kapena zosakumbutsa za chochitika, munthu, kapena ngakhale nthawi yonse.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mibadwo yotsatira

Anthu akuyesetsabe kuphunzira kuchokera ku zolakwa zakale ndipo akuyesa ndi mphamvu zawo zonse kuti asunge kukumbukira. Kwa munthu wamba, zikumbutso zoterozo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi masewera ena ogwa. Ndipo ngakhale ndi anthu wamba, akadali akufa. Kaya ndi chikumbutso cha ulemerero woperekedwa ku chigonjetso mu Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikondi, kapena chiboliboli kwa ozunzidwa ndi chipani cha Holocaust, fascism, njala - izi zonse ndizokumbutsa miyala yachisoni ya mbiri ya anthu. Pofuna kuteteza munthu aliyense, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti zikwangwani zikwizikwi padziko lino lapansi zimaperekedwa kwa vampirism yaumunthu, ndipo kuyambitsidwa kwa katemera wa rabies ndi chimodzi chokha.

Chimaltenango Chikhalidwe

Komabe, chifukwa cha chilungamo timanena kuti kukumbutsa kukumbukira nthawi zonse sikugwirizana ndi vuto. Iwo akhoza kukhala nyumba yomwe ili chizindikiro cha kukondweretsa kapena kukumbutsa chinachake chowala. Mwachitsanzo, chinsinsi cha Chingerezi Stonehenge ndichikhalidwe cha kale ndi zinsinsi zake zosadziwika.

Nyumba zina za mtundu umenewu sizinangopangidwa kuti zipitirizepo zokhazokha, zimatha kugwira bwino ntchito, chifukwa mpingo umene umapembedzedwe ndi wofunika kwambiri ngati malo achipembedzo. Kuwonjezera apo, chikumbutso chikhoza kutchedwa osati chikumbutso chachikulu, komabe ngakhale chidutswa chodziwika bwino, chomwe chimasonyeza kuti mnyumba muno mu 1820 Alexander Pushkin anakhala ndi kulemba ndakatulo zake zazikulu.

Njira ya masewera

Kuwoneka kosangalatsa pa phunziro la phunziro lathu likupezeka kwa othamanga. Mwa lingaliro lawo, chikumbutso ndi mpikisano. Mwinamwake chifukwa othamanga ngati anthu amaika patsogolo pazochita zawo, musangoganiza njira yabwino yopititsira patsogolo dzina ndikulemekeza kukumbukira munthu wapadera.

Ngati lingaliro loyenerera likuchitika, konzekerani masewera okhazikika (kapena amodzi) ndipo muyitane kuti mulemekeze munthu yemwe wafika pamtunda wapadera pa masewera ena: Chikumbutso cha Lobanovsky ndi mpikisano wa mpira wa mdziko pakati pa magulu akuluakulu; Kapena mpikisano wa hockey woperekedwa kukumbukira Aromazan, kapena chess - wotchulidwa pambuyo pa Alekhine. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa mpikisano ndi chitsimikizo osati zomwe wachete wamkulu adzakumbukire kachiwiri, komanso kuti nkhani ya munthu uyu sidzakhala limodzi ndi iye. Ndipo izi sizikutanthauza kuti zochitika zoterezi ndizofunika kwambiri popanga moyo wathanzi.

Umboni wa zomwe zinachitika

Werenganinso aliyense amadziwa kuti chikumbutso ndi chikumbutso - chilemba chomwe chikuwonetsera ndalama zina pa nthawi inayake. Kumayambiriro a 1654, wasayansi wamkulu Blaise Pascal adawona masomphenya kapena chikumbumtima ndipo adalemba vumbulutso ili pa zikopa (zomwe zikudziwika kuti Pascal).

Anasokera pepalalo m'kachipinda cha malaya ake akunja ndipo anachisunga kufikira imfa yake. Anati adatsogoleredwa ndi "chidule" ichi muzochitika zonse zadziko. Zoona kapena ayi, akatswiri a mbiriyakale akupitirizabe kukangana, koma zikopazo zilididi. Kotero, chikumbutso si chikumbutso chabe kapena chochitika chamaseŵera, komanso chilemba, umboni wolembedwa wa zochitika zina.

Intaneti ili pa dziko lapansi ...

Masiku ano, pamene gulu lathu likulowa mkati mwa makompyuta (omwe amadziwa ngati zili zabwino kapena zoipa?), Mukhoza kupeza chilichonse pa intaneti , ngakhale mwala wamanda. Chikumbutso "PomniPro" - chomwe chimatchedwa webusaitiyi, pomwe aliyense angathe kupanga tsamba lopatulira kwa wachibale kapena mnzawo wakufa.

Ogwiritsa ntchito ena, ndithudi, anayamba kuseka pa mutu wa "Odnotruppnikov", koma, palibe cholakwika ndi ichi - munthu amene alibe mwayi wokaona malo omwe wokondedwa wake wamwalira akhoza kumachezera tsamba lofanana nalo pa intaneti (chinthu china chingathe Kaya ndikum'khutiritsa). Komabe, aliyense amakumana ndi mtundu wotayika mwa njira yakeyo - ndipo ngati chithandizochi chingathandize wina kuthana ndi chisoni, ndiye kuti kukhalapo kwake sikungokwanira.

Kodi timakumbukira chiyani?

Chikumbutso cha kukumbukira nthawi zambiri chimanyamula uthenga "sitidzaiwala, sitidzawakhululukira" - ndipo zikutanthauza kuti zimatulutsa chidani. Koma chikumbutso cha chochitikacho chikhoza kukhala ndi tanthauzo losiyana mwachokha, ndipo kuchokera ku mbali iyi yawonetsero kumapangitsa chidwi chabwino. Chigwa cha Wakugwa - chipilala ndi malo a manda onse omwe anafa panthawi ya nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Spain (mu 1936-1939). Kenaka a Republican ndi a nationalist anayesa "kuphwanya pang'onopang'ono." Nkhanza za izo ndi mbali inayo siziri ndipo sizingakhale zowonjezereka. Koma nthawi zina mumangosiya kufotokozera zolakwa zawo, koma tangoganizirani zofunikira ndikupitiliza.

M'zaka makumi atatu zapitazo, Franco adalamula kuti chinthu china chikhalepo kukumbukira anthu omwe anaphedwa ndi nkhondo yamagazi, mosasamala kanthu za zikhulupiliro zawo zandale - ndipo chophimbacho chinakhala chachikulu. Malo ovutawa ndi pafupifupi mahekitala 1365, opitirira anthu zikwi makumi atatu (kuphatikizapo wolamulira yekha) akuikidwa m'mundawu, mtanda waukulu wa mamita 150 umakhala ndi chikumbutso. Chithunzicho chikhoza kupezeka m'mabuku onse okaona alendo, ndikuitanira kukacheza ku Spain.

Pa nthawi ya Franco, nyumbayi idapemphedwa kuti akumbutse amitundu kufunika koyanjanitsa. Komabe, njira yopita ku gehena - Aspania akutsogolera zokambirana zokondweretsa: bwanji za chipilala chomwe ozunzidwa ayenera kuchitidwa chikumbutso (a socialists amapereka - omwe amazunzidwa ndi Franco mwini), ndiye amayesa kusinthitsa mabwinja a wolamulira wokondedwa kuchokera kuchigwa kupita kumalo ena. Kawirikawiri, kuyesera kuyesa anthu sikunali kokwanira 100%. Koma anthu a ku Spain adayesa ...

Zosiyanasiyana, mgwirizano wa cholinga

Chipikiro cha chikumbutso chikhoza kuonedwa ngati chikumbutso cha nyumba yachikumbutso, komanso malo onse omangidwa kumanda achi German, masewera a mpira, ndi umboni wotsimikiziridwa wa chinachake (ngakhale chiwonetsero cha katswiri wamasamu), ngakhale webusaiti yathu pa intaneti. Kawirikawiri kwa zonsezi, kuziyika mofatsa, zinthu zosiyana - cholinga chawo. Onsewa akuyitana kukumbukira chinthu chofunikira: kwa munthu aliyense, fuko, mtundu wonse wa anthu.

Kotero, ndi nthawi yoti muyankhe funso ngati ziri zoona kuti chikumbutso ndi chikumbutso. Zikuwoneka kuti sizingatheke, ngakhale zonsezi zikutchulidwa kuti zipititse patsogolo chinachake, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kufanana. Komabe chidziwitso cha tanthawuzocho ndi chosiyana, chifukwa nthawizina chikumbutso ndi umboni. Ndipo zimachitika kuti ngakhale chizindikiro.