M'mimba ntchito ndi kapangidwe

Chakudya - ndondomeko zofunika kwa viability wa thupi. The m'mimba chimachititsa kwambiri pa ntchito imeneyi. ntchito m'mimba mwayamba kugwa misa chakudya, processing ake tsankho ndi kupititsa zina za intestine, kumene ndi kuloŵerera zakudya. Zonsezi zimachititsa zimachitika thirakiti m'mimba.

M'mimba: kapangidwe ndi ntchito

Ndi dzenje akulu chiwalo cha dongosolo m'mimba, limene lili pakati pa kum'mero ndi duodenum 12.

Kenako, ife tikupeza zomwe ziri ntchito ya m'mimba ndi kutanthauzira matabwa ake.

Amakhala ndi zotsatirazi zigawo makonzedwe:

1. Mtima (athandizira) mbali. ziyerekezo ake ndi pa 7 nthiti kumanzere.
2. Chipilala kapena ziyerekezo pansi limene lili kumanzere m'mphepete 5, zambiri ndendende, chichereŵechereŵe ake.
3. Thupi la mmimba.
4. Pyloric kapena pyloric. Pa kubwereketsa m'mimba ndi sphincter pyloric umene umawalekanitsa m'mimba kuchokera duodenum 12. Ziyerekezo mlonda ndi kutsogolo patsogolo pa 8 pomwe nthiti centerline ndi kumbuyo pakati pa 12 thoracic ndi 1 lumbar linkawonongeka.

Mawonekedwe a thupi akufanana ndi mbedza. Izi makamaka akuonekera pa X-ray. The m'mimba ali kupindika yaing'ono, umene chiwindi, ndi lalikulu moyang'anizana ndi ndulu.

Mpanda wa thupi tichipeza zigawo zinayi, amene akunja amene ali serosa. Atatu ena wosanjikiza - mkati:

1. Minofu.
2. Submucosal.
3. Slimy.

Chifukwa cha zovuta wosanjikiza minofu atagona pa izo submucosa, mucosa ali makola ambiri. Madera thupi ndi fundus makutu amenewa skew, kotenga ndi yopingasa malangizo, ndi m'chigawo cha kupindika ang'onoang'ono - yekha kotenga. Chifukwa dongosolo kumeneku kwa chapamimba mucosa pamwamba kwambiri. Izo facilitates chimbudzi chakudya bolus.

ntchito

ndi ntchito ya m'mimba chiyani? Ambiri a iwo. Tikungotchula waukulu.

• Njinga.
• Secretory.
• Suction.
• Excretory.
• Zozitetezera.
• Endocrine.

Aliyense mwa ntchitozo m'kati chimbudzi chimachititsa kwambiri. Komanso, ntchito ya m'mimba tione. Amadziwika kuti kugaya chakudya akuyamba pa kamwa, pali chakudya kudzera kum'mero mu m'mimba.

mota ntchito

Mmimba, pali chimbudzi zina. Njinga ntchito ya m'mimba ndi kudzikundikira zakudya misa, Machining ake ndi kupititsa zina za intestine ndi.

Akamadya ndi mphindi loyamba pamene m'mimba ndi alekerera, chimalimbikitsa kudzikundikira zakudya mu izo, ndipo amapereka Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa katulutsidwe. Kenako kuyamba contractile kayendedwe, amene amathandiza minofu wosanjikiza. Choncho pali kusanganikirana misa chakudya ndi madzi muzituluka.

Pakuti thupi minofu yodziwika ndi mitundu zotsatirazi kuyenda:

• Peristaltic (wavy).
• Systolic - zimachitika pylorus lapansi.
• Zimandilimbikitsa - amathandiza kuti kuchepetsa kukula m'mimba M'mimbamo (pansi pake ndi thupi).

Atalandira chakudya woyamba mafunde peristaltic ofooka. Pakutha ola choyamba pambuyo chakudya, iwo nakweza mawu ake, chimalimbikitsa bolus chakudya kubwereketsa m'mimba. Kuthamanga mu gawo pyloric wa ukuwonjezeka m'mimba. Pyloric sphincter chimatsegula ndi mbali ya unyinji chakudya akulowa duodenum 12. Ikhala mbali yaikulu ya misa ili amabwerera pylorus lapansi. Achoke ntchito ya m'mimba sangakhoze anapambulwa pa galimoto ndi. Iwo kupereka umapezeka ndi homogenization wa misa chakudya chotero zimathandiza kuti mayamwidwe bwino zakudya m'matumbo.

Secretory ntchito. zopangitsa chapamimba

Ntchito secretory m'mimba ndi mankhwala ankachitira bolus opangidwa kudzera katulutsidwe. Patsiku munthu wamkulu umabala wina malita chimodzi ndi theka madzi muzituluka. Pamafunikanso asidi ndi hydrochloric ndi nambala ya michere: pepsin, lipase ndi chymosin.

Ili mu England pamwamba mucous. Iwo exocrine zopangitsa yotulutsa madzi muzituluka. Ntchito chapamimba mwachindunji ndi chinsinsi chimenechi. zopangitsa The anawagawa mitundu angapo:

• Mtima. Ili mu cardia pakhomo kuti thupi ili. zopangitsa izi kubala mucoid slizeobrazny chinsinsi. Izo imagwira ntchito ndi zoteteza ndi ntchito kuteteza m'mimba, iye kudziletsa chimbudzi.
• Major kapena fundic England. Ili pansi ndi thupi la mmimba. Iwo kutulutsa madzi chapamimba munali pepsin mu kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa madzi opangidwa ndi chimbudzi chakudya chikuchitika misa.
• Intermediarnye England. Ili mu yopapatiza wapakatikati zone pakati pa thupi la m'mimba ndi mlonda. zopangitsa izi kubala viscous mucoid katulutsidwe kuti ndi zamchere ndipo kumateteza m'mimba kwa madzi aukali muzituluka. Mu kapangidwe kake, kuphatikizapo zikuphatikizapo acid amathiridwa.
• Pyloric England. Ankakhala mu gawo pyloric. Other, umatulutsa iwo, nalonso udindo woteteza ndi malo acidic madzi muzituluka.

Secretory ntchito ya m'mimba amaperekedwa ndi mitundu itatu ya maselo: mtima, fundic, kapena chachikulu, ndipo pyloric.

suction ntchito

thupi ili ntchito, m'malo ali sekondale K. udindo, T. The mayamwidwe waukulu zimachitika ankachitira zakudya m'matumbo, mmene misa chakudya anabweretsa mkhalidwe thupi mosavuta ntchito ndi zonse zofunika pa moyo wa thunthu akubwera kuchokera chakudya kuchokera kunja.

ntchito excretory

Ndiye wa lymph ndi magazi M'mimbamo wa m'mimba mwa khoma akubwera ena zinthu zoti:

• amino zidulo.
• Mapuloteni.
• asidi Uric.
• Urea.
• Electrolytes.

Ngati ndende ya zinthu izi ukuwonjezeka mwazi, ndi yobereka awo kuti m'mimba ndi kuchuluka.

Excretory ntchito ya m'mimba ndi zofunika makamaka pa kudya. Mapuloteni anapeza m'magazi sangathe ntchito ndi maselo a thupi. Zangokhala kumvetsetsa mapeto mankhwala mapuloteni kusokonezeka - amino zidulo. Kudzuka magazi m'mimba, kumene mapuloteni ndi enzymatically kukonzedwa zina ndi chisoni mu amino zidulo, amene ndiye ntchito ndi zimakhala thupi ndi ziwalo zofunika kwambiri.

ntchito zoteteza

nchito imeneyi anaonetsetsa mwa chinsinsi, umene umabala thupi. tizilombo toyambitsa matenda anagwira akuphedwa ndi kukhudzana ndi madzi chapamimba, yeniyeni, ndi acid amathiridwa kukhala mu kapangidwe kake.

Komanso, m'mimba lakonzedwa kuti tikafika khalidwe osauka chakudya, ndi wokhoza kuonetsetsa kubwerera ake ndi kuteteza ingress zinthu zoipa intestine ndi. Choncho, ndondomeko izi adzawachenjeza poizoni.

endocrine ntchito

nchito imeneyi imagwiridwa ndi maselo endocrine mmimba, zomwe zili mucosal wosanjikiza ake. Maselo amenewa kutulutsa mahomoni oposa 10 kuti amatha zonse ntchito za m'mimba ndi dongosolo m'mimba ndi lonse chamoyo. mahomoni njirazi ndi izi:

• Gastrin - opangidwa ambiri m'mimba G-maselo. Ndi nthawi acidity wa madzi chapamimba, amene kaphatikizidwe acid amathiridwa, komanso zotsatira pa ntchito galimoto.
• Msika wazakudya zophika - kumabwezera mmbuyo yopanga acid amathiridwa.
• Somatostatin - kumabwezera mmbuyo kaphatikizidwe wa insulin ndi glucagon.
• Bombesin - timadzi awa apanga mwa mimba ndi proximal yaing'ono intestine. Imawalamulira imayendetsa amasulidwe gastrin. Komanso mmoyo kuchepetsa ndulu chikhodzodzo ndi pancreatic enzyme ntchito.
• Bulbogastron - kumabwezera mmbuyo ndi secretory ndi galimoto ntchito ya m'mimba.
• Duokrinin - kumapangitsa munthu katulutsidwe wa 12 duodenum.
• Vasoactive matumbo peputayidi (VIP). timadzi Izi apanga m'madera onse a thirakiti m'mimba. Iwo kumabwezera mmbuyo kaphatikizidwe wa pepsin ndi hydrochloric acid ndi pansi minofu yosalala ndulu ya.

Ife tinapeza izo mu ndondomeko ya chimbudzi ndi kupereka ntchito yofunika thupi kwambiri ndi ankaimba ndi mmimba. Kapangidwe ndi ntchito izo imatchedwanso.

matenda zinchito

Matenda pa mundawo m'mimba, kawirikawiri kugwirizana ndi kuswa aliyense wa matabwa ake. Kulakwila ntchito za m'mimba pamene pali zambiri. pathologies amenewa amalankhula pokhapokha ngati wodwala pa kumupima anaulula palibe zotupa organic za thupi.

Kupondelezedwa kwa secretory kapena chapamimba motility kumachitika ndi ululu ndi dyspepsia. Koma ndi mankhwalawa kusintha nthawi zambiri kusintha.