Moscow Planetarium pa Barricadnaya

Planetarium pa Barricadnaya mu Moscow ndi chimodzi mwa waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse ndi wamkulu mu Russia. malo Izi zili m'gulu la mndandanda wa zokopa za likulu. Kuyenera ananena kuti Tinapita ku Barricadnaya planetarium chidwi osati ana komanso akuluakulu.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Ganizo pomanga planetarium mu Moscow kunachitika mu zaka zoyambirira za mphamvu Soviet. Pamenepo Council likulu anazindikira kufunika maphunziro ndi maphunziro antchito. Planetarium pa Barricadnaya ankafuna kuti likulu la zomwe zimalimbikitsa sayansi ya chilengedwe chonse.

Kukhazikitsa mfundo imeneyi 1927, ife analenga ntchito yapadera. ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kutsogolera ndondomeko ya kumanga planetarium. Masiku amenewo, mu dziko panali khumi nyumba zimenezi. Ambiri a iwo zili Germany. Moscow Planetarium pa Barricadnaya anakhala khumi ndi chitatu.

chitukuko Project ndi ntchito yomanga maofesi

Pomanga planetarium mu Moscow boma allocated chidwi pa ndalama nthawi. Komanso, ndalama zambiri zofunika kugula ku Germany, kanema wapadera. zida Anagula Observatory pa ofesi zasayansi ndi mafilimu a kanema. planetarium The zinakonzedwa kutsegula laibulale, ndi owonetsera zakale zakuthambo ndi omvera kwa ntchito phunziro mabwalo. Choncho, kutukula ndi ntchito adzathetseratu vuto kulenga mtundu uwu wa zomangamanga odzitukumula la National University.

Tinayesetsa pa chilengedwe cha planetarium wamng'ono mapulani MO Barshch ndi MI Sinyavsky, amene kale anali wotchuka mu mabwalo ena. ntchito iwo analenga constructivist ndi yapamwamba kalembedwe pa nthawi. Development wobvomerezeka, kenako yomanga nyumba.

Chinthu anaikidwa mu ntchito mu chaka cha 1929. Pa nthawi imeneyi inatha pomanga mzikiti kuonerera ndi kumaliza ntchito yoika zida. Pakuti ambiri planetarium anthu mu Moscow Barricadnaya zinali ndi okhawo pa November 5.

Kuyamba

Mu zaka zoyambirira linakhalapo, ndi Moscow Planetarium pa Barricadnaya anali mapulogalamu kwambiri. Iye anayamba ntchito yake ndi yochepa nkhani za. Koma m'kupita pulogalamu waperekedwa. Alendo mukupemphedwa kumvera posachedwa alibe atatu, monga kale, koma makumi amene kuwerenga lecturers oyenerera.

Pang'onopang'ono ikuchitika kusintha kwa zipangizo luso "University anthu". M'chaka choyamba pambuyo kutsegula kwa unit yapadera tinalengedwa planetarium, amene ankatchedwa "kutuluka dzuwa". Iye anagwira ntchito mpaka 1994 1934 zipangizo planetarium analola kusonyeza alendo ndege ya comets ndi magetsi kumpoto, kadamsana dzuwa August starbursts. Ine anasonyeza pano ndi Tsiolkovsky roketi, limodzi ndi mchira moto. Kufikira makumi asanu Mu zaka zapitazo panali dziko lonse planetarium kuti posonyeza ofanana ndi alendo ake. Zinali mtengo wa KN Shistovskogo, amene ankagwira ntchito yokonza luso ndi wotsogolera woyamba wa Moscow planetarium.

Komanso mu 1934, mu "University anthu" a ndinayamba bwalo zakuthambo. Unachitikira kuno ndi zomangamanga kapangidwe maphunziro. Kenako, omaliza awo anayambitsa wotchuka mamangidwe amasinthira KB-7, amene ankachita nawo chitukuko cha maroketi madzi-chopopera.

Komanso zochita kafukufuku, planetarium amapereka alendo mawonekedwe a zisudzo. nkhani yaikulu - pokweza zakuthambo wotchuka - Copernicus, Giordano Bruno ndi Galileo.

Ine sanaleke ntchito yake planetarium Barricadnaya ndipo m'zaka nkhondo. Apa, timawerenga osati nkhani mwachizolowezi. The mkombero lonse linakonzedwa maphunziro a ndege asilikali ndi alonda nzeru.

Moyo planetarium pambuyo Kugonjetsa Great

yomanga malo zakuthambo zinachitikadi mu zaka pambuyo nkhondo. Kuchokera kumeneko kunali kotheka kwa kuwunika matupi akumwamba amenewa.

Pofika 1947 ndi planetarium pa Barricadnaya (onani pansipa chithunzi) anali lonse zovuta za nyumba, kuphatikizapo nyenyezi holo ndi foyer m'dera ndi zakuthambo Observatory.

Kwa nthawi yaitali anali malo okhawo kupereka mfundo zolondola za mlengalenga. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kwa zaka zambiri mu internships planetarium ndi kuphunzira dongosolo la nyenyezi za panyanja thambo ndege losatha. Anapita zovuta pa Barricadnaya ndi chombo m'tsogolo. Apa anaphunzira navigation zakuthambo.

Nthawi ya malo yogonjetsa

Planetarium pachimake anafika mu 60s Mu zaka zapitazo. Iyo inali nthawi ya chiyambi cha kugonjetsa danga. N'zochititsa chidwi anawonjezera planetarium mapulogalamu Barricadnaya imachitika kwa alendo, pambuyo m'malo a zida. Choncho chipangizo latsopano "Planetarium" anakhazikitsidwa. Mosiyana akale, iye anali ndi mwayi waukulu ndi dongosolo makina a ntchito. Komabe, zilowerere nthawi inakwana yakuti anabweretsa planetarium anaiwalika. Mu 1994 izo zinali kutsekedwa kwa kukonzanso.

kusinthidwa zovuta

Kukonza pa Moscow Planetarium inatenga zaka ziwiri. Mu June 2011, iye potsiriza anatsegula. Kwa zaka zambiri zovuta wakhala kwambiri akweza. Malo chawonjezeka pafupifupi zisanu ndi khola. Panopa planetarium ali ndi malo a sq. Mamita seventini zikwi ndi lakonzedwa kuti oonera chikwi. Alendo Matikiti ndalama pakati zana limodzi ndi makumi asanu ndi mazana asanu rubles. Zovuta tsiku lililonse amatenga anthu zikwi zitatu.

Mu modutsa wa planetarium ndi chithunzi cha m'banja. Pa inu mukhoza kuona malo anu ndi kupeza njira zawo momwe kulowa holo chidwi. Chiwembu buku. Posankha malo iye akuyamba kuyatsa. Ndi yabwino kwambiri alendo. Ngati mavuto ena komabe linalake, nthawi zonse zotheka kuti akaonekere kwa ogwira ntchito zovuta, chomwe chiti n'chiyani yoyenera.

Pakali pano, ndi yophunzitsa yaikulu akhoza kudzitama ndi planetarium Barricadnaya. Reviews alendo osiyanasiyana akusonyeza kuti mudziwe analandira ndi chidwi kwa anthu a magulu a chidziwitso ndi zaka.

Popularity planetarium ayambanso kwambiri. Pali momasuka ndi zovuta mu masiku a nkhani. A malo yabwino ndi maulendo chidwi amachitika maholo zosiyanasiyana, kukopa osati anthu, komanso alendo likulu.

Planetarium Alendo ndi mwayi polimbikitsa chidziwitso chawo ya zakuthambo. Mukhoza kuchita izi mu zipinda zingapo, zimene zili mu zovuta ndi. Aliyense wa iwo ndi osiyana ndi ofunika kuyendera lathu.

Museum Urania

chipinda ili mu gawo lakale la zovuta kwambiri. mlingo wake woyamba anayambitsanso alendo mbiri ya planetarium, komanso ngati ndi kukula njira ya chidziwitso sayansi ya chilengedwe chonse.

Mu nyumbayi, alendo moni Urania zakuthambo-wambwebwe. Iye amakhala atazunguliridwa ndi zipsera yakale yoyendera ndi mabuku, komanso zipangizo zina zapadera.

Kenako, alendo kulowa zone, zomwe zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho atchule mbiri ya planetarium lapansi. Iwo anasonkhana ambiri zikalata ndi zithunzi, nkhani ndi mabuku, kuwapangitsa zowoneka kubereka mfundo ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi zovuta kuchokera 1929 mpaka ku nthawi ino.

Zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho chidwi kwambiri woimira zida, amene anali okonzeka ndi zovuta ndi - chipangizo "Planetarium" (ndi chiwerengero siriyo 313), amene ntchito kuyambira mu 1977 mpaka 1994, komanso mbali ya chida cha dzina chomwecho, ntchito kuchokera 1926 1976. (Siriyo nambala 13). Mu nthawi yake mothandizidwa ndi yokumba awo amayatsa kumwamba pa mzikiti lapansi.

Mu nyumbayi pali mazenera, lomwe linaikidwa ndi zida goniometric ndi telesikopu, theodolites ndi sundial. Mutu umenewu ndi kufufuza Nyanja m'deralo. chionetserochi anati kalembedwe sitimayo. Pali sitimayo ndi matanga, belu ndi mawilo. M'mawindo a cylindrical mawonekedwe anaika nyenyezi ndi mapu, komanso zipangizo zimene n'zotheka kuyenda panyanja. Iwo barograph ndi chronometer, sextant ndi kampasi kulimbana, komanso telesikopu. Popanda zipangizo izi sizikanatheka kuti maulendo a anapeza.
Mu holo chachiwiri cha nyumbayi Urania alendo kulowa dziko zodabwitsa zakuthambo. Apa anaika globes wa Venus ndi Mars, Mwezi ndi Earth. Izi lotsatira dziko oyandikana nawo chinachake chofanana ndi mzake, koma pa nthawi yomweyo njira zawo wapadera.

Pa limbikitsa mwachibadwa, opangidwa ndi nsangalabwi, ankaimira zolengedwa dongosolo dzuwa, amene mawonekedwe a hemispheres. Apa ndi kanema chophimba pa khoma. Izo zikusonyeza zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zakuthambo mu dongosolo la zowalitsa. Kuwonjezera pa padzuwa la maso a alendo akupereka chopereka cha meteorites. extraterrestrials Awa ndi zachilendo. Iwo anasungunuka ndi mawonekedwe chodabwitsa ndi kutentha mbali. mayendedwe onsewa anatsala m'mlengalenga.

Big Star Hall

Izi mbuto ikulu mu planetarium lapansi. chipinda chachikulu zimaonetsa nyenyezi mafilimu mzikiti. awiri ake mamita twente-faifi. Mu chipinda chino, zida waikidwa, ndi kunyada kwa planetarium lapansi. Iwo galimoto "Universarium" kuwala mtundu CHIKWANGWANI, amene ukhalabe zochitika zakuthambo ndi mmene dziko.

Great chipinda holo lakonzedwa kuti oonera mazana atatu makumi asanu. mipando omasuka ndi kudya backrests. Pa nsalu yotchinga mzikiti, alendo kuonera ziyerekezo pafupifupi zisanu ndi zinayi zikwi mapulaneti, nyenyezi ndiponso magulu a nyenyezi.

kumwamba Park

Mu chipinda chino asonkhana zipangizo wakale ndi watsopano anafuna kudziwa za chilengedwe. Linamangidwa kwa 800 lokumbukira Moscow.

kumwamba paki - kukopa izi Moscow Planetarium. Chili ndi Observatory zakuthambo ndi munthu owonetsera zakale wapoyera. zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho The imakonzedwa malinga ndi zotsatirazi zigawo zikuluzikulu za sayansi Nyenyezi: chakale, wakale, zakuthambo zakutali, komanso dzuwa mphamvu. Apa izo anapereka chopereka lonse la sundials.

Lunarium

Ndi zokambirana zakale, amene ali mbewu ziwiri. Ine cholinga chipinda chino ana chidwi. Zida Lunariuma osati wolephera zakale kutsogolera European ndi malo sayansi.

The kufotokoza akupereka za makumi asanu ndi atatu zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho. Aliyense wa iwo atsimikiza malamulo a sayansi ndi zochitika zachilengedwe mu njira ankasewera.

malo

Ngati mwaganiza kukaona planetarium Barricadnaya, momwe kuchikwaniritsa? Izo sizidzakhala zovuta. Suli kutali planetarium ndi okwerera sitima siteshoni "Barrikadnaya." Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti owonera zakale ndi zosangalatsa zovuta chatsekedwa pa Lachiwiri. Izo analimbikitsanso pokonzekera ulendo wake, kusankha pulogalamu ankafuna. Iwo ali planetarium Barricadnaya tsamba lovomerezeka (planetarium-moscow.ru). Ingakuthandizeni Dziŵani nkhani zomwe zinakonzedwa ndi kugula tikiti.