Mowiriza pneumothorax: zimayambitsa, mbali matenda ndi mankhwala

Pneumothorax - chikhalidwe pathological imene mpweya akulowa M'mimbamo pleural, n'kuchititsa kuthamanga kuchuluka m'menemo.

Mu matenda pali mitundu zotsatirazi:

• mowiriza pneumothorax. Chifukwa mawonekedwe matenda zambiri amakhalabe bwinobwino (milandu komwe kumachitika makamaka). Secondary mowiriza pneumothorax umakula vuto la matenda osiyanasiyana m'mapapo;

• zoopsa. Mabala anachititsa pachifuwa, imene mpweya akulowa M'mimbamo pleural;

• iatrogenic. Kodi vuto pa cholakwika chithandizo m'mapapo kudwala angayambe pamene munthu zikunena matenda (mwachitsanzo, pambuyo puncture wa pleural matumba pambuyo thoracentesis kapena biopsies pleural komanso chifukwa venous catheterization chapakati).

Taganizirani mbali ya chitukuko ndiponso zochita pneumothorax lachibadwa.

Izi mawonekedwe a matenda pulayimale ndi sekondale. Pulayimale mowiriza pneumothorax Kawirikawiri matenda akuluakulu mkulu zitani wamng'ono. Dziwani kuti fodya kumaonjezera ngozi ya chitukuko cha chiwonongeko pafupifupi 20 nthawi. Pa maziko a izi mtundu wa pneumothorax kuwonetsera zoonekeratu m'mapapo mwanga kudwala, koma pa atafufuza, nthawi awulule subpleural zidindo zadothi, ndi nyumba deta Angagwiritsidwenso anati odwala amene musasute (pafupifupi 81% milandu). Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ng'ombe akadali anapanga chifukwa cha kuwononga kuwala nsalu zotanuka kuti ndi pamene kutsegula kwambiri a neutrophils ndi macrophages, amene akufotokozera pa maziko a fodya.

pneumothorax Secondary nthawi akufotokozera pa maziko a matenda kale m'mapapo. Izi mawonekedwe a matenda ndi zovuta, monga amagwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwambiri ya dongosolo mtima.

Mwa mavuto akuluakulu amene amayambitsa sekondale mowiriza pneumothorax ayenera kuonetsetsa aakulu obstructive m'mapapo mwanga, udindo mphumu, chifuwa m'mapapo mwanga, chibayo, fibrosis m'mapapo mwanga ndi matenda connective minofu (mwachitsanzo, nyamakazi, kapena spondylitis). Specific etiological udindo akhoza kukhala khansa ya m'mapapo ndi sarcoma.

Mowiriza pneumothorax akutitsogolera kuti kuchepa mphamvu zofunika, chifukwa mu hypoxemia - kuchepetsa ndende mpweya magazi. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kuwombola mpweya mu mapapo nthawi yomweyo kutanganidwa pang'ono, kotero musati kukhala hypercapnia (kuchuluka mpweya woipa ndende mu thupi).

Nthawi zambiri mowiriza pneumothorax kumakhala zina ndipo anaonetsa kupweteka kwambiri chifuwa ndi dyspnea. Kenako, ululu angakhale kuzimiririka kapena kupweteka. Pachifuwa ulendowu ku chiwonongeko yochepa. Matenda mawonetseredwe a pneumothorax paokha kutha mkati tsiku lina ngakhale sitili pa mankhwala.

Ngati zizindikiro pneumothorax zonyozeka pathological nthawi zambiri, palibe. Nthawi zina odwala amadandaula tachycardia. Ndi chitukuko cha mavuto pneumothorax pafupipafupi heartbeats kungakhale kumenyedwa 135 pa mphindi imodzi, limodzi ndi hypotension ndi cyanosis, komanso pachimake kupuma alkalosis.

Matenda a chikhalidwe ichi zachokera deta anamnestic, ndi kusintha achindunji mzere X-ray amakhala noticeable choipidwa pleura. Nthawi zina matenda a ang'ono-kakulidwe pneumothorax ntchito X-ray kapena X-ray pa mpweya.

Mowiriza pneumothorax: chithandizo

Njira amalandira matenda evacuating mpweya zikwama pleural, komanso muyambirenso kupewa. The njira mulingo woyenera ichi - thoracostomy opaleshoni ndi thoracotomy kapena kudzera mwayi thoracoscopic.