Mphamvu mikangano

Mphamvu frictional ndi njira imene mogwirizana kwa matupi pa zoyenda awo, ikuchitika ndi ulemu kwa wina ndi mzake. Izi akhoza kuchepetsa, thupi zoyenda mu sing'anga madzi kapena gaseous. Pali dzina sayansi zodabwitsazi - zimachitika frictional. Monga ulamuliro, kuphunzira mikangano nawo ndondomeko za sayansi, "Zimango za mogwirizana frictional" gawo, ndi zina - tribology.

Mphamvu mikangano ndi amagetsi mu chilengedwe, koma pa chikhalidwe chimodzi - mankhwala ndi mu boma yachibadwa.

Koma mitundu ya zodabwitsazi, pamaso pa ndondomeko ya zoyenda wachibale wa matupi, mphamvu choti pa mogwirizana awo, akhoza kugawidwa mu:

- kutsetsereka mikangano ndi mphamvu choti pomasulira thupi wachibale wina. Mozama pa thupi loperekedwa ndi malangizo popenyana ndi malangizo a kutsetsereka.

- anagubuduza mikangano kapena makokedwe. Mikangano kumachitika pamene ndikukhazikitsa mmodzi wa awiriwo mphamvu zimavuta ndi ulemu ndi mzake.

- malo amodzi mikangano ndi mphamvu amene angabuke pakati pa matupi zoyandikana kapena ayi, komanso kuteteza zosayembekezereka wa zoyenda wachibale. Monga ulamuliro, tingafunse pamene kayendedwe pang'ono kapena matupi kukhudzana. Iwo amachita malangizo popenyana ndi wachibale apaulendo.

Koma sayansi ndi, mphamvu ya mikangano ndi anzake lagawidwa:

- The youma, pamene pali mogwirizana kwa zolimba, ndipo iwo anasiyanitsidwa ndi ena lubricants zina. Pankhaniyi ndi zochepa wamba kuchita ndipo ali ndi chosiyana ndi mbali - pamaso pa mlingo mkulu wa asilikali frictional yekha.

- malire - ndi pamene anakumana pali zigawo ndi m'madera a chikhalidwe chosiyana. Mphamvu frictional mu chikhalidwe chake ambiri.

- obwerawa - mmene ndondomeko mawonekedwe limapangidwa zigawo zingapo ndipo madzi ndi wouma kukhululukirana. Izo zingachitike ngati thupi kumizidwa mu madzi, koma mu nkhani iyi, mphamvu mikangano adzakhala yodziwika ndi digiri ya kukhuthala sing'anga.

- elastohydrodynamic - kumachitika pamene kwambiri ndi ena mkati zinthu mikangano, yomwe imagwira ntchito lubricating. Monga ulamuliro, tingafunse pamene kuwonjezeka kwambiri ndi wachibale kayendedwe liwiro.

Tikumbukenso kuti chifukwa cha zovuta njira thupi ndi mankhwala kuti imakhudzana ndi zodabwitsazi pa chibwenzi frictional ndi mikangano akuyendera njira si amenable kufotokoza njira ikuchitika mwa zimango zachikhalidwe.

Kuyankha funso limene zimatengera mphamvu ya mikangano, tikhoza kunena kuti anatsimikiza ndi mphamvu kuthamanga ndi kukhululukirana. Chithunzi yamasika mwachindunji amadalira zifukwa zambiri: mlingo wa chiyero, amene kukonzedwa kapena kuti pamwamba pa mtundu wa nkhani zimene anapanga matupi okha, ndipo ngati pali mtengo, ndipo ndi chizindikiro ichi. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti m'derali yomwe ndi pokhudzana ndi thupi, mphamvu mikangano pafupifupi sikudalira.

Pomaliza tinganene kuti pamaso pa mikangano zina limachititsa kuyenda padziko. Mwachitsanzo, pamene kuyenda pansi ndi zowalamulira ikuchitika zidendene, amene chabe zimachitika chifukwa kukhululukirana. Chifukwa cha kukhudzana ili, yekha ndi amaipidwa kuchokera pansi ndi munthu likupita patsogolo.

Chimodzimodzi njira yomweyo pali kukhazikitsa samatha cha galimoto pamsewu. Ndi kusintha ndi kuwonjezera guluu wolimba wa mwapadera anayamba matayala atsopano ndi matayala, ndi pa mpikisanowu magalimoto akhoza kuikidwa "splashes" imene mbamuikha galimoto yovuta mokwanira kuti njirayo.