Mphungu 20-40 - miyala ya granite: kulemera kwake, kulemera kwake ndi zizindikiro zina

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri yokonza kapena yomanga pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito ballast. Kuti athe kuzigwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zina, miyala yophwanyika imapangidwa ndi magulu osiyanasiyana. Zida zazing'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zokongoletsera, chigawo chachikulu chimafunikira kumanga zinthu zolemetsa.

Chiwerengero chachikulu cha magawo ndi 20-40. Granite wosweka ya kukula uku ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito, quartz diorite kapena granite amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zolemba zakuthupi

Granite - imaonedwa ngati thanthwe lovuta kwambiri lomwe limagwirizana pa dziko lapansili. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yapaderayi, zipangizo zopangidwa ndi granite, kuphatikizapo miyala yophwanyika, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene zinthu zomangidwira zidzasungidwa pamtunda waukulu. Ndipo popeza granite ikufalikira pafupifupi pafupifupi mayiko onse, mtengo wa zipangizo kuchokera mmenemo umakhalabe wofikirika ndi wotchuka.

Mtundu wa zipangizozo umadalira kuti mchere uli ndi granite, koma nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mtundu wofiira wofiira. Ngati pang'onopang'ono pali mchere wambiri wa mdima, zinthuzo zingakhale ndi mawonekedwe ooneka bwino.

Zopindulitsa Zofunika

Mphungu 20-40 - miyala yamtengo wapatali ya granit, yomwe imatengedwa kuti ndiyo yabwino kwambiri yothandizira ntchito yomanga. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake, ndizotheka kudzaza mafomu popanda mavuto, pamene ndikupulumutsa, komanso kwambiri, makina okwera mtengo. Popeza mbewu za granite zimakhala ndi chibokosi chophwanyika, palinso nsonga zabwino kwambiri za zigawozo, zomwe zimapereka ndondomeko yabwino kwambiri yothandizidwa.

Poyerekeza ndi timagulu ting'onoting'ono tambiri, ndi mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa pa mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa ntchito, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti mtengo wotsika mtengo ndi wotsika mtengo.

Zida

Zizindikiro zimagwirizana ndi zotsatirazi:

1. Mphungu 20-40 - miyala ya granite, yomwe imakhala ndi kukwera kosalekeza ndi kuponderezana.
2. Nkhaniyi imatha kulemba chiwerengero chosasunthika / chosungunuka ndipo sichinawonongedwe panthawi yomweyo.
3. Kukhalapo kwa otsika flakiness. Mu mzere wambiri wa mbewu, zomwe zimakhala ndi singano ndi mawonekedwe ofiira, kotero ming'aluyo imakhala yosavuta kumagwirizanitsa ndi zipangizo zambiri.
4. Kuchuluka kwa zida za granite 20-40 zimadalira thanthwe limene linapangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, cube ya granite imakhala pafupifupi 1370-1400 kg, limestone - 1280, gabbro-diabase - 1440 kg.
5. Pezani porosity. Pafupifupi kulikonse kwa pores kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kupopera kwakukulu komanso coefficient yochepa yothandizira.
6. Low radioactivity. Makhalidwewa ndi ofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomanga nyumba, zachuma, zapagulu ndi zamakampani. Nambalayi imaphatikizaponso oyang'anira sukulu, sukulu, zipatala.

Kugwirizana ndi GOST

Pa granite yachitsulo 20-40 GOST nambala 8267-93 imatsimikizira zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• 5-23%;
• Zopangidwe siziyenera kukhala zoposa 0,5% za tirigu 5 mm ndi magawo opitirira 10% a tizigawo ting'onoting'ono, omwe kukula kwake kuli kochepera 20mm.
• Dothi losafunika siliyenera kupitirira 0,3%;
• Mphamvu ya chizindikiro cha 1000-1400;
• Kuchulukitsa kwa mamita 1 a miyala ya granite 20-40 - 1.35 matani;
• Kupezeka kwa dothi - dothi lalikulu la 0.25%;
• Kukhalapo kwa magawo a mitundu yofooka - osaposa 5%;
• Kuchulukitsitsa kwa pafupifupi 2.7 g / cm ³ ;
• Valani kukana - ndondomeko I1.
• Chiwerengero cha madzi otsekemera ndi okwana 0,4%.

Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nkhaniyi iyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Chizindikiro chisanu kukana - F300.
2. Mlingo wa radioactivity sayenera kupitirira 370 bq / kg.

Poganizira za ubwino wa mankhwalawa, kuyesa kumadalira pazimenezi ndi zina zomwe zimapangidwira.

Chiwerengero cha ntchito

Granite yowonongeka ili ndi zinthu zoterezi zomwe zimapereka zinthuzo ndi makhalidwe abwino. Kukula kwa ntchito yake kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa mbewu.

Mphungu 20-40 - miyala yamtengo wapatali, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Zothetsera mavuto.
2. Mukamanga nyumba zowonongeka.
3. Pamene atayika maziko.
4. Monga chida chochuluka cha gawo lapansi la asphalt.
5. Kulimbikitsa misewu.
6. Mukamakonza magalimoto pamoto.
7. Kuti apange malo osakhalitsa, komwe zida zomangamanga zidzakhazikitsidwe.
8. Mukamanga misewu yopititsa sitima.
9. Kuumitsa pamwamba pa njanji.

Zogula Zolemba

Izi sizikukhudza ndondomeko yeniyeni yowunikira, koma za kusankha zakuthupi. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti mfundozo zimakhudzana ndi zizindikiro zonse, ndipo izi n'zotheka kokha pamene zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za GOST. Koma kodi makhalidwe omwe akufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi ndi ofunika kwambiri? Kodi chidzachitike ndi chiyani ngati zotsalira sizikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za GOST?

Monga momwe chivomerezochi chikutsimikizira, kusintha kulikonse kudzakhala kuwonongeka kwa khalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati nthanga zapakati pa misazi zilizonse zogwiritsidwa ntchito, konkire yomwe imapezeka ndi ntchito yawo idzakhala yochepa kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa konkritsi kuyenera kuwonjezeka, komwe kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama.

Ngati granite ya miyala 20-40 yolemera imakhala yochepetsetsa (kapena yochulukirapo) kusiyana ndi momwe ikufunira, ndiye, pakupanga kwake pali mbewu za tizigawo tina. Choncho, kulemera kwakukulu, kuchuluka kwa kuchulukitsa kwa mbewu zabwino kwambiri komanso mosiyana ndi izi: zigawo zazikulu zimakhala ndi malo ambiri, kotero zotsalirazi zimakhala zochepa.

Choncho, kuti musagule zinthu zomwe ziribe zofunikira, pamene mukugula, nkofunika kutsimikizira kupezeka kwa chilembo, chidziwitso chaukhondo-epidemiological, chiyeretso cha mankhwala ndi pasipoti.