Nchifukwa chiyani maiko ena amamatira kumanzere amanja?

Umboni wofukula zakale umasonyeza kuti Aroma akale ankaika magalimoto ndi magaleta awo kumanzere kwa msewu, ndipo zikuoneka kuti chizoloŵezichi chikufalikira kumadera ena a ku Ulaya. Zifukwa za izi siziri zomveka bwino, koma akatswiri ena a mbiri yakale amanena kuti chizoloŵezi chimenechi chinayambitsidwa ndi vuto la chitetezo. Popeza kuti anthu ambiri ali ndi dzanja lamanja, lingaliro limodzi limasonyeza kuti munthu akuyendetsa galimoto kapena akuyenda kumanzere kwa msewu amatha kugwira chida ndi dzanja lamphamvu akamakumana ndi mdaniyo.

Kodi msewu unagawanika bwanji?

Mpaka posachedwapa - kuzungulira zaka za m'ma 1700 - mahatchi ndi ngolo sizinali zolemetsa, choncho chigamulo cha mbali imodzi ya msewu chikaperekedwa motsatira miyambo ya kumidzi. Mwachitsanzo, magalimoto otsika kumanja, anakhala ovomerezeka ku UK pokhapokha pambuyo poyesa boma mu 1773 ndi 1835. Koma ku France, mwambo wosiyana unkapezeka, ndipo kumeneko unakhazikitsidwa kale m'zaka za zana la 18. Zinali maiko awiriwa omwe adatumizira machitidwe awo oyendetsa magalimoto m'madera, ambiri omwe kale anali a British - Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India - akadali ndi magalimoto.

Mphamvu ya cabs ndi Ford

Koma ku United States, ofufuza ambiri anapeza chiyambi cha msewu wa dzanja lamanja mpaka m'zaka za zana la 18, pamene magalimoto akuluakulu oyendetsa katundu ankagwedezeka, kumene mahatchi ambiri ankamangidwa. Popeza magalimoto amenewa nthawi zambiri analibe malo a woyendetsa galimotoyo, bamboyo anali kukwera hatchi yomwe inkagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa mbali ya kumanzere kotero kuti zinali zovuta kulamulira zinyama zonse ndi dzanja lake lamanja. Pamene magalimoto anayamba kutchuka kwambiri, magalimoto anayamba kuyenda mwachilungamo, kotero kuti madalaivala akhoza kukhala pafupi ndi pakati pa msewu ndikupewa kusokonezana wina ndi mzake. Chinthu chinanso chachikulu chinali chopanga galimoto Henry Ford, yemwe anayamba kupanga galimoto ndi gudumu lakumanzere, zomwe zinapangitsa kufunikira kuyendetsa galimoto kumbali yakumanja ya msewu.

Kodi chikuchitika chiani tsopano?

Masiku ano, sitima zamanzere zimakhalabe zachilendo ku UK komanso m'mayiko ake akale, komanso ku Japan, Indonesia, Thailand ndi mayiko ena ambiri. Komabe, pakubwera kwa magalimoto, mayiko ambiri anayamba kutsatira chitsanzo cha oyandikana nawo ndipo anasintha kupita kumanja. Canada inasiya kumanzere kwa msewu mu 1920s kuti ifanane ndi magalimoto ku United States. Mu 1967, boma la Sweden linagwiritsa ntchito madola 120 miliyoni kuti liphunzitse nzika zake ndikupita ku kayendetsedwe kabwino.