Ndi malamulo a appeasement chiyani?

Mawu akuti "ndondomeko" ali ndi matanthauzo ambiri. Zinali koyamba ndi Aristotle. Zinali buku lake la dzina yomweyo anadzipereka kwa banja, nthawi yoyamba mawu anayambitsa. Ntchito imeneyi anaika maziko zikamera ndi kukula kwa sayansi ndale, nzeru, ndale sayansi.

Today Buku Dictionary amatanthauzira mawu akuti "ndale" monga ntchito mwachindunji zogwirizana ndi mabwenzi kumagulu chikhalidwe. Cholinga cha malamulo, malinga dikishonare, ndi kufufuza maonekedwe, kutanthauzira zili kugwira ntchito ya boma.

Policy umatchedwanso ntchito akuluakulu a boma Magulu. Mu Ozhegov akuti kutanthauziridwa monga mawonetseredwe onse a moyo pagulu.

Ephraim tanthauzo amaganizira onse mfundo izi, koma anawonjezera kuti izo wake, anawonjezera. Lembali limati mfundo - ndi zingapo umalimbana zolinga.

Chitsanzo chimodzi cha iwowa angatchedwe chodabwitsa kuti ali ndi dzina lakuti "appeasement." Kotero ife timachitcha mtundu wa mfundo asilikali a dziko (chikhalidwe). Kwenikweni umenewu chagona pa zokambirana akagwiriridwa State, angapo wololera, ndilo dziko kusunga mdani zolakwikazo mtendere kapena kugwiritsa ntchito miyeso kwambiri.

Mbiri imasonyeza kuti appeasement konse chinathandiza zotsatira mtendere. akagwiriridwa aliyense, kuzindikira kuti iwo ndi otsika, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kanthu motsimikiza. Potsilizira pake, appeasement kumathandiza kuti munthu akhale kugwa kwa State akhudzidwa, komanso kuchepetsa dongosolo wonse wa chitetezo padziko lonse.

A chitsanzo chapadera cha ngati lamulo, zimakhudza zake zoipa ndi mgwirizano Munich mu 1938.

Mu zaka 30, France ndi United Ufumu anachita maphunziro a appeasement kwa Germany. Pofuna kuthetsa mavuto onse mwa kungololera kukana kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, m'mayiko awiriwa achitapo kanthu Hitler poyesa kuthetsa mavuto a akumane kwa Germany wa Versailles Pangano. Trends kwa ziŵalo dongosolo mu dziko lonse sichinaululidwe pa nthawi ya asayembekezere. Patapita nthawi, pamene madongosolo akagwiriridwa chinaonekera, andale anali otsimikiza kuti ngakhale USSR kapena Britain kapena France sangathe kupanga cost- mtundu manja. Choncho, anaganiza kuti panyengo malamulo a appeasement alibe zina.

Kuchokera pa lingaliro ili, United Kingdom anasaina pangano loyamba ndi Germany kukweza otsiriza cha malamulo onse pomanga Navy (1935), ndipo kenako sanaletse kulowa la asilikali a ku Germany demilitarized ndi (malinga ndi Pangano la Versailles) m'deralo.

Appeasement inatheka chifukwa Chamberlain, sanayankhe ndi Anschluss la Austria (1938). Chifukwa cha izi zokambirana anali kusaina wa Munich panganoli, akamanena za umene unali leni kulengedwa kwa Nazi boma.

wololera zimenezi ndi wankhanza amatsimikiza Hitler kukana mwakhama kulephera lathunthu la Britain ndi France, iwo ayambitsa chakuti anaswa mfundo za mgwirizano Munich, iye anaukira Romania ndi Poland (1939). Appeasement sanafooke ndi Mtsogoleri. Mosiyana, izo anakankhira wankhanza kwa kwambiri mosanyengerera.

Today appeasement chingakhale zosiyanasiyana, ndi wololera kungakhale osati ndale, koma zachuma. Nkofunika kuona mfundo zimene akagwiriridwa, tikukhulupirira kulangidwa awo, adzayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, awo ubwino luso kapena asilikali. Choncho, povomera kugonja, muyenera mosamala kuonetsetsa kuti mironarushitel angathe sanalandire njira, ndale kapena aliyense phindu lina lililonse.