Rojava. Rojava nkhondo

Rojava lili kumpoto cha kumadzulo kwa Shammai (dzina m'dera la Syria) ndipo ali m'gawo lalikulu. Mu zaka zingapo zapitazi, dera zambiri cholinga cha uthenga lapansi chifukwa cha ntchito za kunkhondo ku chimango cha nkhondo Siriya boma. Pakali pano, Kurdistan ndi chimodzi mwa mawanga otentha padzikoli. Komabe, ili ndi chidwi kwambiri malo malinga ndi alendo maganizo. Apa sakhoza kuona zipilala ambiri akale ndi chikhalidwe wachikale anthu Chikudishi.

Kufotokozera za dera

Rojava - ndi m'malo zigawo kudziletsa kumpoto kwa Syria. Mu malamulo a, dera ndi mbali ya Siriya Republic Arab. Koma kwa zaka pafupifupi 4 zaka m'dera de A facto olamulidwa ndi mabungwe m'deralo. Siriya Chikudishi enclave ndi mbali ya otchedwa Wamkulu Kurdistan. Kuti ndi gawo kumene Kurds moyo. Dera la Kurdistan ndi mbali ya 3 limati: Syria, Turkey, Iraq. Ndipo palibe mmodzi wa iwo alibe ufulu. Komabe, Kurds sizovuta nazo kwa nthawi yaitali kwa chilengedwe cha boma cha dziko. Pa dera la Siriya Chikudishi anthu pafupifupi 5 miliyoni, ambiri omwe - ndi Kurds. The ntchito Rozhava kapena Western Kurdistan (chifukwa ili kumadzulo poyerekezera ndi zina ndi anthu Chikudishi) monga kudzikonda dera.

kapangidwe andale

zilankhulo zazikulu - Arabic ndi Kurmanji. Chitukuko cha ulimi, amene amabweretsa ndalama zofunika kwambiri. M'madera ena popanga mafuta. Pambuyo chiyambi cha nkhondo, anthu ambiri zachuma ndi ntchito pa chitetezo ndi zida. Choncho, akuluakulu a boma anaganiza sichingapatule msonkho kwa anthu onse payekha ndi malamulo. Izi lakusonkhezerani chitukuko cha malonda ang'onoang'ono ndi chilengedwe cha cooperatives ambiri yaing'ono. Komabe, boma ali ndi udindo zonse mitengo ndi kuthana ndi zotheka maonekedwe owona.

Religion mu Kurdistan n'chofunikira zazing'ono kusiyana ndi loyandikana limati Arab. Pa mphamvu Rozhave kwathuthu boma. M'nthawi ya 20, wa Kurds paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi anayamba kupatula zosiyanasiyana lamanzere phiko malingaliro, kuphatikizapo chikominisi ndi Marxism-Leninism. nkhondowo magulu kwakukulu kale nkhondo isanayambe. Mkangano waposachedwapa zikuchepa anaukitsa funde la dziko boma ndi chilakolako kugwirizanitsa m'madera onse Chikudishi mu umodzi mtundu boma. Kurds ndi mtundu wachiwiri dziko kuti alibe.

Chiyambi cha nkhondo ya pachiweniweni Syria

Rojava nkhondo anayamba imodzi ndi zipolowe kudutsa dziko. Mu zaka za m'ma 2011 zionetsero odana ndi boma ili mkati kudutsa Syria. The Kurds Komanso anagwirizana nawo. Komabe, zofunika zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba, panali kofuna kudziyimira pawokha kapena ufulu wa m'deralo. Zinali mgwirizano ndi chitsutso Siriya. Komabe, ndi 2012 vutolo lafika poipa. Zotsatirazi kumenyana ndi apolisi otsutsa ankachitika mndandanda wa kuukira. Malo anabedwa zida. Mozungulira nthawi ino, zochitika za ndale m'dziko aloŵa nawo kwakukulu achikhazikitso Chisilamu. Nkhondo inayambika pakati anapanga Siriya mphamvu Free Army ndi boma ndi thandizo la formations proasadovskih paramilitaristskih.

Nkhondo ku Suriya Kurdistan ndi Islamism

Chifukwa chakuti mwa Kurds kwakukulu Islamism sichinthu chotchuka, Rojava yaitali sankalowerera. Komabe, magulu m'dera mwalanda mphamvu ndi kukhazikika Council Wamkulukulu, amene ali mphamvu m'chigawo. Mu nkhani iyi, Kurds sindikukana kuti iwo ali gawo la Syria, Bashar al-Assad kugwirizana m'madera ambiri. Madera ena a Kurdistan kupitiriza kukhala pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma wa ku Suriya. Siriya Council National alibe kuzindikira ufulu wa Rozhavy, koma alibe kanthu. Boma mobwerezabwereza ananena kuti ali okonzeka kunyengerera ndi kupereka Kurds kudziyimira pawokha yotakata mosapatuka za m'malamulo a Siriya.

kumenyana Nacho

Mu 2013, Syria walimbikitsa gulu "Chisilamu State wa Iraq ndi Levant". media dziko lonse inanena LIH pambuyo bwino ndale komanso kuukira mu Mosul. Mu nthawi mbiri ndi pang'ono zida ndiponso anthu ozimitsa zamanga kulanda ndi imodzi mizinda ikuluikulu kwambiri mu dziko. Kuyambira nthawi ndinayamba mwachangu kukuza LIH. Pansi pa ulamuliro wa Islamists anali m'madera ambiri Iraq ndi Syria. Patapita kanthawi iwo anafika kumpoto kwa dzikolo.

Kuteteza anthu wamba ku Islamists anayamba mwachangu agwirizane asilikali. Rojava nkhondo kwathunthu kunayambika mochedwa 2013. Pa nthawi imeneyi, LIH kwathunthu asakhalenso mu mpumulo wa kumpoto kwa Syria. Dera la kumadzulo kwa Kurdistan anadulidwa kuchokera ena zigawenga osati kokha, komanso ufulu Siriya Army (FSA). LIH zigaŵenga anayamba kuukira yogwira pa gawo Chikudishi mu Kőbánya malo a mzinda. Patapita nthawi yochepa anatha kulikankhira mzere kutsogolo kwa makilomita ambiri mu malo ena.

Peshmerga

Waukulu lankhondo la asilikali Kurdistan Peshmerga ali. Iwo inakhazikitsidwa pa zaka 100 zapitazo ndipo ndi ankhondo a mafuko. Pakali pano, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, chiwerengero cha mayunitsi Akuti pa 150-200 zikwi. Akulimbana ndi zigaŵenga ndi "boma Chisilamu" mu Syria ndi Iraq. Rozhava afika thandizo aakulu azachuma ndi luso ku Iraq.

Pa dera la magulu Siriya Chikudishi ntchito asilikali dziko mitundu, amene ali kwenikweni phiko nkhondo ya Democratic Party wa Suriya. Mu asilikali ake ambiri a mayunitsi kugwira kumanzere-phiko mfundo. otaya Large ongodzipereka amachokera Turkey, amene anthu Kurds. Pakhala mozemba Kurdistan Antchito 'Party (PKK). Komanso, anthu wamba amatenga thandizo zonse asilikali ndi anthu wamba anakhudzidwa ndi nkhondoyo.

Nkhondo ndi Islamism

Zigaŵenga LIH zinthu makamaka wankhanza cha Kurds. Zafalitsidwa zinawukhira makumi umboni fuko la anthu zakwawoko. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi uyamiko kwa anthu ongodzipereka kubwera kwa abale Kurdistan PKK pamwezi. Kwenikweni ndi lamanzere phiko anthu. maphwando Communist m'mayiko ambiri European bungwe mozembetsa odzipereka kulimbana LIH. Kwenikweni Germany, Spain ndi Italy. media zonse pachikhalidwe zokhudza kufika ongodzipereka Russian. Tinaphunzilanso zimene gulu la French kale anathandiza Odzipatula mu Donbass, kunafikanso ku Syria. Long atazunguliridwa ndi nkhondo oopsa kwa mzinda wa Cobán kusakondanso anthu m'mayiko ena kuonetsa umodzi ndi kuzungulira. Mlungu Chikudishi omenyana ku Suriya Kurdistan liwakhalira shelling zonse zigawenga.

Rojava ndi Turkey

Boma la Turkey kalekale zotsutsana ndi Kurds. Mu Turkey lokha ndi kunyumba ndi nambala yaikulu Kurds amene adakali mulibe kudziyimira pawokha. Chifukwa cha zimenezi zinachitika pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana za chiwembu, amene anali kuponderezedwa mwankhanza ndi boma la Turkey. PKK zonse achititsa shootout ndi apolisi Turkey ku mbali za m'mizinda. Turkey mobwerezabwereza inalamula United Nations kuzindikira Chikudishi zigawenga magulu zigawenga zambiri. Pulezidenti Erdogan anati sanalole kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chikudishi mtundu boma pa malire ake. Ataona zimenezi, Kurds adapitiriza ntchito yogwira zoukira boma pa dera la Turkey. Mu ntchito za protracted ndi asilikali aboma motsutsa Kurds kale anapha asilikali oposa zana. Opandukawo wakhala kugwira nawo Rojava. Kodi padzakhala mtendere ndi ufulu m'chigawo, komabe bwinobwino.