Ntchito yosagwirizana ndi malonda: chilango. Munthu aliyense: udindo ndi zabwino pa ntchito zamalonda

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ntchito zamalonda popanda kulembetsa ndi akuluakulu a msonkho kumatsutsidwa ndi lamulo. Choncho, nzika yomwe nthawi zonse imapereka ntchito kapena kugulitsa katundu imangofunika kulemba bizinesi yake. Apo ayi, munthu akhoza kuyembekezera chilango komanso kusungulumwa kwa anthu kwa zaka zingapo.

Tanthauzo

Kuchita malonda ndi ntchito yomwe cholinga chake ndi kulandira phindu nthawi zonse kuchokera ku kugulitsa katundu, kupereka ntchito kapena kugwira ntchito. Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti munthu ali ndi bizinesi, zofunika ziwiri ndizofunika:

• Zosintha;
• Phindu phindu la ndalama.

Ngati nzika kawiri pachaka amapanga phindu pogulitsa zinthu kapena kupereka ntchito iliyonse, ndiye kuti ayenera kulembetsa ndi msonkho ndikulipilira ndalama ku boma. Apo ayi, bizinesi yoteroyo idzatanthauzidwa ngati ntchito yosagwirizana ndi malonda. Chilango cha munthu payekha chidzakhala ngati mawonekedwe apamwamba, a msonkho kapena a chigawenga. Chilichonse chidzadalira ndalama zomwe analandira komanso kukula kwa zokolola.

Chiwawa

Zikakhala kuti nzika yadzipereka kuchita bizinesi, iyenera kupeza chilolezo ngati ikufunidwa (mwachitsanzo, kubanki, kutsegula malo odzaza), komanso kulembetsa ndi kufufuza msonkho monga IP. Ngati munthu sakukwaniritsa zochitika ziwirizi, ndiye kuti bizinesi yake idzakhala ngati ntchito yosagwirizana ndi malonda. Chilango cha munthu payekha chidzakhala ngati chonunkhiro pansi pa Art. 171 ya Malamulo Atsutso.

Chilango

Ngati nzika ikupeza phindu kuchokera ku kugulitsa katundu ndi mautumiki, koma salipira malipiro a chuma cha boma ndipo sinalembedwe ngati wogulitsa malonda, bizinesi yake ndi ntchito yosachita malonda.

Chilango payekha chikhoza kukhala chimodzi mwa mitundu itatu ya udindo :

• Malamulo (zilango apa zikuchokera ku ruble 500 ndi kufika 2000);
• Kuphwanya malamulo (kudzipatula pakati pa anthu kwa nthawi inayake, kulipira ndalama kuchokera ku ndalama za munthu wolakwa, kumangidwa, ntchito yolemetsa);
• Misonkho (ngati mwalakwitsa zowululidwa, malipiro owongoledwa amapangidwa kuchokera ku ndalama zomwe analandira 10%, koma osati 20,000 rubles, ndi 20% ngati bizinesi ikuchitidwa kwa miyezi itatu).

Mabungwe a malamulo ndi dongosolo

Mipingo yotsatira ikuvomerezedwa kuti izi zitheke kuwonetseratu kukwaniritsidwa kwa bizinesi yosavomerezeka malinga ndi ndondomeko yoyambira:

• Apolisi;
• Kufufuza msonkho;
• Ofesi ya wosuma;
• Ntchito ya Antimonopoly;
• Kuyendera malonda.

Kuphwanya lamuloli kuyenera kulembedwa ndi matupi oyendera mu protocol. Kuonjezera apo, sipangapo miyezi iŵiri kuchokera pamene nthawi yowona ndikutsutsa zolakwa ngati ntchito yamalonda. Chilango cha munthu payekha chikhoza kungokhala ndi chigamulo cha khothi.

Boma loletsedwa ngati chigawenga

Pachifukwa ichi, munthu akhoza kuimbidwa mlandu pansi pa Art. 171 ya Malamulo Atsutso. Zimabwera kokha ngati mabungwe oyang'anira malamulo amavomereza kulandira ndalama kwa munthu pamlingo waukulu, i.e. Osachepera 250 000 rubles. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zimakhala zovuta kuti apolisi amunene munthu yemwe ali ndi bizinesi zosavomerezeka, chifukwa pa izi ndikofunikira kuyendetsa kugula ndalama zambiri, zomwe ziri zovuta kwambiri. Ndichifukwa chake, popanda umboni wokwanira kutsegula mulandu, sudzaukitsidwa.

Udindo wauchifwamba ndi kuchititsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa 250,000 kapena kuposerapo, ndipo pambuyo pake, malonda amatanthauzidwa ngati ntchito yosagwirizana ndi malonda. Chilango cha munthu (2016) ndi chonchi:

• Zopindulitsa mu ndalama zokwana 300,000 rubles kapena kuchokera kwa ndalama za wolakwira kwa zaka ziwiri;
• Ntchito yolemetsa;
• Kumangidwa.

Ngati ntchito zamalonda zomwe zimapangidwa kunja kwa lamulo zimapangitsa kuti kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti chilangochi chikuchokera ku ruble 100,000 ndikufikira 500,000. Kuphatikizanso apo, munthu wolakwa akhoza kuweruzidwa payekha pakati pa anthu mpaka asanu Zaka zambiri, koma ndi ndalama zochepa.

Izi ndi zotsatira zake zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malonda asamayende bwino (RF). Choncho, nzika zomwe zimagwira ntchito zamalonda zomwe zimawabweretsera ndalama zamuyaya, ndi bwino kulembetsa ndi woyang'anira msonkho pamalo omwe amakhala ngati IP ndi kulipira zopereka kuchokera ku bizinesi kupita ku boma.

Udindo wa Chigamulo cha Malamulo a Ulamuliro

Amapereka zabwino za ruble 500 ndi 2,000 chifukwa cha ntchito zamalonda zosavomerezeka. Mlandu wobweretsa ku maudindo oyang'anira umaganiziridwa ndi chilungamo cha mtendere. Izi zikhoza kuchitika pamalo pomwe cholakwachi chachitika kapena gawo la malo okhalamo, ngati atanena izi. Ngati mumapereka ndalama zabwino, kukula kwake kumadalira ngati munthu wachita cholakwa kwa nthawi yoyamba kapena wapita kale kuchita bizinesi.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya zolakwa mu Code of Criminal Administrative:

• Gwiritsani ntchito popanda chilolezo ndi kuphwanya malamulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
• Zochita zamalonda popanda kuganizira msonkho.

Inde, kukula kwake kwabwino kudzadalira pachinthu chomwecho. Kugwira ntchito popanda chilolezo chapadera kungakhale kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa lamulo kusiyana ndi ntchito zopanda kulembetsa. Ndicho chifukwa chake malipiro amaikidwa nthawi zonse ndi khoti pamene akuwerenga ndi kufufuza momwe zinthu zilili. Malamulo oyendetsera ntchito, kuyendera malonda ndi ntchito ya antimonopoly amatha kuzindikira cholakwika ngati ntchito zamalonda. Chilango cha munthu mmodzi wa Code of Administrative Offenses ndi chabwino chomwe chidzaperekedwa ndi munthu pokha pokha pa chigamulo cha khothi.

Zosankhidwa

Ngati munthu akuchita bizinesi ndipo sakulembetsa monga momwe alili IP, msonkho umawoneka ngati ntchito yosagulitsa malonda. Chilango cha munthu aliyense (2016) chidzakhala ngati chabwino mwa kuchuluka kwa ruble 20,000 kufika 40,000. Ngati kuwonedwa ngati peresenti, ndizochokera 10 mpaka 20 peresenti ya phindu lonse. Ngati simukutsatira zolemba zomwe zalembedwera poyendera, mabizinesi wosayenerera amawona zabwino za ruble 5,000 mpaka 10,000.

Chitetezo

Ngati nzika yowonongeka kuntchito popanda bizinesi, ingagwiritse ntchito payekha kwa ogwira ntchito zalamulo kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti wolakwayo aweruzidwa. Choyamba, kuti anthu amalonda osagwirizana ndi malamulo asakhale ochepa ngati n'kotheka, kuyendera msonkho kumakhudzidwa. Monga tadziwika kale, Code ya Misonkho ya Russian Federation imapereka malipiro monga kupereka malipiro aakulu kwa amalonda oletsedwa omwe akhala akuchita bizinesi yawo kwa nthawi yaitali popanda zolembedwa zina.

Ntchito yosagwirizana ndi malonda a munthu wakuthupi nthawi zonse imayesetsa kupeza iwo phindu lopindula kuchokera ku makampani kapena kugulitsa katundu. Boma limeneli silili lolembetsedwa bwino ndi msonkho woyang'anira msonkho. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchitika kwa zotsatira zosasangalatsa mwa kulipira malipiro, komanso panthawi yapadera ndi kumangidwa kwa munthu wolakwa. Choncho, nzika zomwe zakhala zikukumana ndi malonda oletsedwa ziyenera kuti zidziwitse mabungwe ogwirira ntchito zalamulo, kuti ateteze okha ndi okondedwa awo kuti asagulire zinthu zochepa, katundu ndi ntchito.

Kulembetsa

Kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito za munthu yemwe akufuna kupeza phindu lokhalitsa ndizovomerezeka, ayenera kulembetsa ndi woyang'anira msonkho pamalo awo okhala monga IP. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupereka zotsatirazi:

• Ntchito yolembedwa;
• Onetsetsani kulipira kwa ntchito ya boma;
• Pasipoti;
• TIN ndi chithunzi chake.

Ndiponso, munthu amafunika kudziwa kaye kachitidwe ka msonkho. Ndikofunikira kuchita izi kuti kulipilira ndalama kuchokera ku bizinesi kunali kosavuta komanso pangТono kakang'ono. Ngati mapepala onse akusonkhanitsidwa ndikuperekedwa kukayendera, kulembetsa kalata ya IP idzatenga masiku owerengeka. Pochita izi, nzika ndizofunikira kuti asapereke zabwino pamalopo chifukwa cha ntchito zamalonda, komanso kusunga nthawi ndi ndalama.

Zosiyanasiyana

Sizinthu zonse zomwe nzika zomwe zimapereka ndalama zikhoza kuonedwa ngati malonda. Munthu akhoza kulandira ndalama kuchokera:

• Kugwiritsira ntchito katundu wawo (izi zingakhale kubwereka nyumba kapena kutengerapo kwa lendi tsiku);
• Kugula zinthu - katundu, zipangizo zapanyumba, mipando;
• Kupereka mautumiki - salons of hairdressing salons, massage, zokongoletsa.

Ngakhale ngati mkazi wapanga tsitsi la bwenzi lake ndikumupatsa ndalama chifukwa cha izi, sakuyenera kupita ku msonkho ndikulembetsa ngati IP. Tsopano ngati uwu ndi ntchito yake nthawi zonse, kubweretsa ndalama zowonongeka, ndiye muzochitika izi zidzakhala zofunikira kulembetsa. Kupanda kutero, bizinesi imeneyi ndi ntchito yosamalidwa bwino, chilango chomwe chingakhale kwa ruble zikwi zingapo.

Milandu

Zimakhala zovuta ndipo sizingatheke kupeza anthu osamalonda omwe sanalembedwe ku mabungwe ogwirira ntchito. Koma nthawi zina muzochita, pali zinthu zomwe ogula omwe amalandira mankhwala osayenera amapita kwa apolisi kapena msonkho.

Mlandu wochokera ku zipangizo zochitika:

Mayiyo adapempha mnzakeyo kuti amuthandize kukonza kukongola komanso kukonzanso zamakono ku khitchini ndi kusambira. Wachiwiriyo adavomereza, chifukwa iye ndi katswiri wodziwa kupaka mankhwala ndipo amapeza ndalama zabwino za "shabashki" yotere, ngakhale kuti sakugwira ntchito kulikonse ndipo salembedwera ngati IP.

Mkaziyo atamaliza ntchito yake, kasitomala anamupempha kuti apitenso padenga, chifukwa sanali woyera komanso oyeretsa. Mkaziyo sanagwirizane, anatenga ndalamazo ndi kuchoka. Wogula ntchitoyo amagwiritsa ntchito msonkho ndi pempho loti abwezeretse ndalamazo pa bizinesi yosatumizidwa ndipo amapereka umboni wakuti kukonzanso nyumba ndizo ndalama zazikulu za mnzakeyo.

Khoti Loyendetsa Ndalama linakhazikitsa lamulo limene khotili linaganiza kuti libweretse nzikayo mwachilungamo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo chilango kwa munthu chifukwa cha ntchito zamalonda. Komanso, wolakwirayo anayenera kulembetsa ngati IP mu masiku asanu.

Mu chitsanzo ichi, zikhoza kuwonetsa kuti mkazi amangopanga ntchito zamalonda zoletsedwa, pogwiritsa ntchito maluso ake ndi luso lake. Koma iye sanafune kulipira misonkho kwa boma, choncho adalipidwa ndi khoti chifukwa cha zolakwa.

Ngati nzikayo ikhoza kukonza malo osamalirako, komanso mabungwe ndi mabungwe omwe amalandira ndalama kuti awonongeke ndikufika, mwachitsanzo, ma ruble 300,000, ndiye kuti olakwa akhoza kuimbidwa mlandu ngati chigamulo choletsedwa. . 171 ya malamulo ophwanya malamulo.