Olemba m'ma 19 Achikondi nyengo

Kumapeto kwa XVIII - chiyambi cha m'ma XIX uko kunali gulu luso, monga Romanticism. Mu nthawi iyi, anthu kulota dziko langwiro ndi "anathawa" madzi a mphutsi. Kwambiri omveka ndi zosangalatsa chimake cha kalembedwe opezeka mu nyimbo. Mwa oimira Romanticism kudziwika amenewa analemba za m'ma 19, Karl Weber, Robert Schumann, Franz Schubert, List Ferents ndi Richard Wagner.

List Ferents

Tsogolo Wolemba kwambiri anabadwa mu banja la cellists. bambo ake ankamuphunzitsa nyimbo kuyambira ndili wamng'ono. Mwana, nawo kwaya ndipo ndinaphunzira kuimba limba. Pamene Franz zaka 12, banja lake anasamukira ku Paris, mnyamatayo anali kuphunzira nyimbo. The inali anali osavomerezeka Koma kale ndi zaka 14, analemba zina zachidule. Chotero analemba odziwika kwa zaka za m'ma 19, ngati Berlioz, Paganini, anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa iye.

Paganini anakhala fano lenileni Liszt, ndipo anaganiza kuti mukhale luso lake kuimba limba. Concert Activities 1839-1847 anali limodzi ndi kupambana waluntha. Franz analenga buku wotchuka "Zaka Haji" pokwaniritsa zaka izi. Katswiri pa limba ndi ankakonda omvera anakhala chimake cha chi.

Ferents List nyimbo, analemba mabuku angapo, lectured, anachititsa maphunziro lotseguka. Kuti izo akhamukira analemba m'ma 19 ochokera ku Ulaya. Tikhoza kunena kuti pafupifupi onse a moyo wake, iye anaphunzira nyimbo kuyambira ntchito kwa zaka 60. Ngakhale lero, luntha lake nyimbo ndi luso ndi chitsanzo kwa woimba akazolowera ano.

Richard Wagner

A wanzeru German Wolemba kulenga nyimbo sanathe aliyense osayanjanitsika. Iye anali mafani ndi adani vehement. Wagner, mwana anachita chidwi ndi zisudzo, ndipo adaganiza zolenga tsoka ndi nyimbo zaka 15. Mu zaka 16, anabwera ntchito zake mu Paris.

Patangotha zaka 3, wayesa pachabe kuika nyimbo za zisudzo, koma palibe amene amafuna kuthana ndi woimba osadziwika. Chotero analemba wotchuka kwa zaka za m'ma 19 pamene List Ferents ndi Berlioz, amene anakumana Paris, musati mubwere naye sizinatheke. Iye akhala zisoni ndi wina akufuna kuthandiza maganizo ake nyimbo.

Atalephera mu France, wolemba anabwerera ku Dresden, pamene anayamba ntchito wochititsa pa bwalo zisudzo. Mu 1848 iye anasamuka ku Switzerland, chifukwa pambuyo nawo chiwembu analengeza chigawenga. Wagner ankadziwa kupanda ungwiro kwa anthu bourgeois ndi Kumvetsela udindo wa mmisiri.

Mu 1859, anaimba mu sewero la "Tristan ndi Isolde" chikondi. Ntchito zake "Parsifal" zosatheka ankaimira ubale wapadziko lonse. Zoipa kutitimira ndi Nkhata chilungamo ndi nzeru. Oimba onse aakulu kwa zaka za m'ma 19 anasonkhezeredwa ndi nyimbo Wagner ndipo anaphunzira ntchito yake.

M'zaka za m'ma XIX, anapanga imene dziko ndi kuchita sukulu ku Russia. The Russian music, pali nthawi ziwiri: oyambirira Romanticism ndi odziwika. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo ngati Russian analemba za m'ma 19 pamene Varlamov, A. Alyabyev, A. Verstovsky, A.Guriljev.

Mikhail Glinka

Mikhail Glinka anakhazikitsa sukulu ya analemba mu dziko lathu. mzimu Russian alipo mu zake zonse ntchito nyimbo. Chotero masewero a wotchuka ngati "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila", "Moyo ndi Tsar" zinapatsira ndi kukonda dziko lako. Glinka zowombetsa mkota makhalidwe wowerengeka nyimbo pogwiritsa ntchito mingoli akale ndi kaimbidwe la anthu nyimbo. Wolemba chinalinso Albucasis mu nyimbo ndipo sewero. ntchito yake - ndi kuwuka kwa chikhalidwe cha dziko.

Oimba Russian anapereka dziko kwambiri ntchito wanzeru, amene masiku ano kugonjetsa mitima ya anthu. Pakati pa wanzeru analemba Russian za m'ma XIX, moyo imeneyi ndi mayina monga M. Balakirev, Glazunov, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Tchaikovsky.

Chakale nyimbo bwino ndi bwino akuganizira dziko lamkati. Mu malo rationalism okhwima anadza chikondi cha m'ma XIX.