Philippines National mabungwe

A chithunzi apamwamba mu Chifilipino kayendedwe dziko anali patriot, wolemba ndakatulo zaumunthu, Dr. Jose Rizal. Iye anabadwa mu 1861, yaing'ono m'tauni akuzigawo ndi a m'banja lolemera mestizo.

Mu 1879 ndakatulo zake zosonyeza kukonda "Kwa Chifilipino Youth" sankapeza anthu ofunda ku Manila anzeru. Akuluakulu milandu zinakakamizika kuthaŵa Philippines Rizal. Anamaliza ulemu mu 1882 pa yunivesite ya Madrid Medical ndi zochitachita nzeru zaumunthu, Rizal nakulitsa mu zipatala zabwino mu Europe ndi kukhazikika kugwirizana ndi asayansi kutsogolera European.

Mu nkhani ake, anatsutsa ziphunzitso mitundu, mu buku lake "Noli ine tangere" (Osandigwira) akudzudzulidwa atsamunda nkhanza, umbombo ndi upandu Chimonko.

Riealya buku mobisa kunja mu Philippines, mazana makope ake anali mu dziko. Spanish gendarmes anafufuza mwakhama ndi kugwidwa mabuku. Ansembe ukali guwa lake. Anzake a ku Philippine anali makumi makilomita kuti kuwerenga kapena kumvetsera ochokera buku la. Dzina Rizal ali zinatchuka pakati pa anthu.

Emigrant Colony ku Madrid kulimbikitsa ubale ndi Spanish .liberalami. Mu 1888 idamangidwa pa Spanish-Philippines Association ndipo natsogozedwa ndi otchuka owolowa manja pulofesa wa Spanish ndi Mason Morayta. A udindo waukulu mu gulu ankaimba Chifilipino Pilar. Kunyumba, anafalitsa pa chinenero tegalskom magaziniyo limba "Te Gali Diary" imene anavumbula kuti chitsamunda ndipo mwankhanza ya malamulo kumene kumakhala Amonke. Thupi la Hispano-Philippines Association "El Solidaridad" nkhani udzafunidwa kusintha ndi chizindikiro Philippines mu Spanish Cortés. Pocheza anagwirizana ndi kupata anzake a ku Philippine: Rizal, Luna abale, Hayena ndi ena ambiri.

Ena Hispano-Philippines Association pulogalamu anasonyeza zofuna chuma ndi ndale za nascent bourgeoisie Philippines akadali ankafuna kusintha kwa boma la Spain. pulogalamu chikuphatikizapo chofunika kusintha maphunziro, chilungamo, utsogoleli wa kulembetsa boma. M'munda zachuma anaumirira akulimbikitsa mbewu katundu, gwirani njanji ndipo misewu, ndi ziŵalo miyambo tarifov.Filippiny National Organization ...

mikhalidwe imayendetsedwa ndi Spanish owolowa manja bourgeoisie, ndi zotsutsana ndi Spanish absolutism ndi mpingo.

The kwawo anali pansi pa chikoka chachikulu Freemasonry, zomwe zinathandiza kuti gulu komanso kuphedwa kwa kayendedwe odana ndi zachipembedzo ndi kulimbana kusintha. Mu Madrid mu 1891, idamangidwa ndi Philippines Masonic Lodge El Solidaridad. Zingapo anabwerera osema miyala Philippines-Chifilipino anayamba kukonza manyumba ogona mwa anthu akuderalo. M'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndi Philippines anatuluka 85 manyumba ogona ndi Triangles. Freemasonry wasiya chizindikiro chake ndi ndiye 41 mabungwe onse andale a Philippines.

Mu 1891, Rizal anatulutsa yotsatira kwa buku lake lotchedwa "Flibustery". buku unadzipereka pokumbukira Burgos, Zamora ndi Gomez. Mu 1892, Rizal kunyumba July chaka chomwecho anayambitsa anthu chinsinsi ku Manila - Philippines League (League Phi lnppina). Written by pulogalamu chofunika Rizal 'yogwirizanitsa chuma ndi ndale za Philippines, otetezedwa ku nkhanza komanso zinthu zopanda chilungamo, kugwiritsa kukonza zofunika ndi chitukuko cha ulimi, makampani ndi malonda.

Philippines National mabungwe