Polhov-Maidanskaya kupenta. Zojambulajambula pa Wood

Zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, pakhala pali chikhalidwe cha chitsitsimutso ndi chitukuko cha ntchito zamakono zakale. Chinthu chimodzi chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha amisiri achi Russia ndichojambula cha Polkhov-Maidan. Zithunzi pa mbale ndi zinthu zapakhomo, mitundu ya toyese-tararushkas yowala, kukopa malingaliro awo. Iwo amanena za iwo: "Sizimaswa, sizimasweka, koma ndani amene angagule - akudabwa". Zoonadi, zojambula zamakono za akatswiri amisiri zimaoneka ngati zikuchokera mkati, zimapanga chikondwerero ndikusangalala. Iwo akusankhidwa mochulukira kuti apereke mphatso yapachiyambi kapena yogula ngati chikumbutso.

Mbiri ya chiyambi cha luso

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa XVIIIth kapena pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900 (deta izi zimasiyana) mumudzi wawung'ono wa Polhovsky Maidan, womwe uli pamtsinje waung'ono wa Nizhny Novgorod, zojambula zodabwitsa zogaya zida ndi mafano kuchokera ku softwood za linden ndi aspen (zabwino, ambiri a iwo anakula Malo oyandikana nawo). Iwo ankagulitsidwa pa zokondwerero ndipo ankagwiritsidwa ntchito monga njira zina zopezera ndalama kwa anthu osauka. Pambuyo pake, m'zaka za m'ma 2000, munthu wina anaganiza zokongoletsa zojambulazo: choyamba chojambula chowotcha, kenako chojambula chowala. Pa nthawi yozizira yamadzulo banja lonse linasonkhana pamodzi ndikuwononga nthawi yopanga zinthu zosiyana: amuna anali kugwira ntchito nkhuni, ndipo amayi ndi ana "adatsitsimutsa" ma tebulo omwe anawoneka mothandizidwa ndi pepala. Pazitsulo, pansi pa phokoso la mmisiri aliyense, maluwa othamanga a maluwa amaphukira.

Mabwana oyambirira adula zinthu zonse ndi manja. Pambuyo pake, pamene zithunzithunzi zinkaonekera, ndondomekoyi inakhala yosavuta, koma izi sizinawononge ubwino wa katundu. Pakapita nthawi, kujambula kwa Polhov-Maidanskaya kunakhala kofala komanso kotchuka m'madera osiyanasiyana a Russia.

Kujambula

Ntchito yopanga zisonyezo ikuphatikizapo magawo angapo. Dulani ku mafano a mtengo bwino. Ndiye pamwamba pamaphatikizidwa 2-3 nthawi ndi yankho la mbatata wowuma - uwu ndi mtundu wa primer. Zokonzedwanso billet zouma bwino, kenako zimayamba kukonzekera kujambula.

Choyamba, kutsutsana kwa kachitidwe kameneka kamagwiritsidwa ntchito mu inki. Mafelemu osiyanasiyana (kugwiritsa ntchito manambala 11-13) amakulolani kupanga mizere yosiyana. Gawo lotsatira - kujambula kwajambula pazithunzi za nkhuni , nthawi zambiri aniline. Pamasankhidwe awo aperekedwa ku mithunzi yofiira, yobiriwira, ya buluu, yachikasu. Ndipo pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito mtundu umodzi wa utoto pa zomwe zilipo kale (iyi ndi mwambo wojambula) chithunzichi chimakhala ndi kuwala kwapadera ndi iridescence.

Zomwe zimatha kumaliza - kuziphimba ndi chovala chopangidwa ndi mitundu yosaoneka bwino (njira ya glaze), yomwe imapanga pamwamba pa mankhwalawa. Ndi kuwala ndi kuyang'ana kuchokera mkati komwe kumasiyanitsa pepala la polkhov-maidanskaya.

Zithunzi zojambula

Wolemba zamatsutso N. V. Taranovskaya, pokamba za zochitika zapamwamba za ntchitoyi, akufotokoza kukongoletsa kwapadera, kupambana ndi kukongola kwa zithunzi zomwe adapanga masters.

Kodi chojambula cha polkhov-maidanskaya ndi chosazolowereka chanji? Zithunzi zomwe zikuwonekera pazogulitsa zimasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa akuluakulu (ofiira nthawi zambiri ofiira) omwe kale amasungunuka kapena adakali maluwa. Pankhani imeneyi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yojambula ndi yosiyana: maluwa okhala ndi nsonga - michere yakuda ikuwonekeratu, maluwa alibe nsonga, variegation - mitunduyi imakhala ndi zilonda zamoto. Chinthuchi ndi chithunzi cha zipatso (makamaka maapulo) ndi zipatso, nyama ndi mbalame. Palinso malo okhala kumidzi kapena kumidzi, mbali ya khalidwe yomwe inali dzuŵa lofiira.

Momwe mungazindikire Maidan Taras

Kujambula kwa Polkhov-Maidanskaya kawirikawiri kumawonekera bwino, popeza pali zizindikiro zambiri zomwe zimayimira.

1. Mtundu umayang'aniridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: chikasu ndi mdima wakuda buluu kapena ozizira wofiira ndi wobiriwira.
2. Maluwa ambiri - duwa yosiyanasiyana, komanso poppy, galu anawuka, dahlia.
3. Chiyambi cha chithunzi cha chokongoletsa chomera ndi chachikasu. Zojambula, monga lamulo, zili ndi mzere wakuda wofotokozedwa bwino.

Polhov-Maidan Matryoshka

Malo apadera pakati pa zojambula ndi chikumbutso cha chikhalidwe cha Russia, momwe miyambo ina yakhazikitsanso. Chidole cha Polhov-Maidan m'zinthu zambiri sichifanana ndi chidole cha matryoshka chochokera ku madera ena a Russia. Mmalo mwa sarafan pa apronti yake yamkati, yokongoletsedwa ndi nthambi yonyezimira ndi mitundu yayikulu yowala. Pamutu pake siketi yomwe imamangiriridwa pansi pa chinsalu chake, koma, choyambirira, chogwera pansi pamapewa ake, kuchokera pansi pa zipilala zomwe zimaponyedwa nthawi zambiri. Izi ndizofotokozera mwatsatanetsatane za kuvala kwa akazi a komweko. Kuwonjezera pa zojambulajambula, zidole izi zodzala ndi zowonjezereka kuposa zina. Iwo ali ngati asungwana okondwa achi Russia.

Kujambula kwamakono lero

Masiku ano, bungwe la zojambula ndi zojambulajambula, linatsegulidwa pamafakitale a chidole mumzinda wa Voznesenskoye, womwe uli pansi pa dzina la "Polhov-Maydanskaya kupaka", inakhala njira yotsalira popanga zinthu. Pano, zoseŵeretsa ndi zinthu zapakhomo sizakupyoledwa ndi manja, koma pazitsulo komanso m'mabuku akuluakulu. Nthawi zambiri, izi ndizo zikondwerero zadziko, zomwe zimakonda kwambiri anthu ogula ndi alendo a dzikoli, kuphatikizapo zidole zachilendo (monga zidole za nesting, triplets ndi akavalo amodzi, maululu), mazira a Easter, bowa, crockery (saltcellars, mbale zolowa, mbale, zikho), makoskets , Mabokosi. Komabe mtundu wa chikhalidwe umatsalira: kujambula kwa Polhov-Maidan sikuloleza kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto mu bizinesi ili. Ganizirani ndikugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zojambula zamaluso omwe adalandira maphunziro apadera. Mwachibadwa, zinthu zoterezi ndi zowunifolomu komanso zowonongeka kuposa ntchito za amisiri, koma amafunikanso ndi akatswiri ojambula.

Kunyada kwapadera kwa anthu okhala m'derali ndi Matryoshka Museum. Pano mungapeze ziwonetsero zodabwitsa: kuchokera ku chiwerengero chimodzi, kufotokoza atsikana a ku Russia akumidzi, kupita ku zidole zambiri, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mndandanda akuyamba ndi chidole ndi mutu wa masewero ndikutha ndi chidole cha mita.

M'midzi ya Voznesensky chigawo cha Nizhny Novgorod dera: Polhovsky Maydan, Voznesenskoye, Krutets - pakadalibe zojambula za banja zomwe zikupanga zokopa zapanyumba. Ana amaphunzitsidwa izi kuyambira ali mwana, ndipo kujambula kwa Polhov-Maidan kumapitilirabe.