Python chinenero mapulogalamu: zingwe zopota

The Python chinenero mapulogalamu (monga "Python" kapena "Python") Pali njira zambiri kuzungulira kanthu. The zipangizo chachikulu kukhazikitsa iteration aliyense mu Python - pamene zingwe zopota ndi. The pamene kuzungulira ndi chilengedwe kuposa chifukwa, choncho msanga. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti ndi bwino! The chifukwa kuzungulira ntchito zambiri, chifukwa ndi izo anazindikira ntchito yovuta kwambiri kwa chilengedwe cha Mipikisano msinkhu ndi mapulogalamu mnogouslovnyh.

Python: mkombero ndi postcondition

M'zinthu ndi postcondition - izo zingwe zopota kanthawi, ndiwo ambiri konsekonse nyumba bungwe mu chilengedwe mapulogalamu. The pamene kuzungulira umagwira ntchito pa mfundo za "ngati". Izi zikutanthauza zotsatirazi: pamene chikhalidwe ena adzabweranso mtengo weniweni, izo ntchito! Mapulani amatchedwa "mkombero" chifukwa kasamalidwe zinchito za cyclically mobwerezabwereza, kuyambira ndi kufunika koyamba. Mu mkombero pamene Python kuti zagwiridwa ndi nthawi imene mtengo amakhala abodza. Pa nthawi imeneyi, wotanthauzira transmits pulogalamu otsatirawa zinchito-zamalankhulidwe gawo, mwachitsanzo mzere latsopano, limene lili pambuyo chipika ndi postcondition kanthawi.

M'zinenero mapulogalamu, Python m'zinthu pamene postcondition ndi malembedwe zotsatirazi:

Akuti akhoza kukhala mwina mawu limodzi kapena angapo. chikhalidwe nthawi zonse tanthauzo lenileni la aliyense sanali ziro. Mapulani ntchito bola mwachindunji chikhalidwe ndi zoona.

Ntchito mkombero pamene mu "Python" Mwachitsanzo

Rassmotirim pamene kuzungulira. Python ndi chidwi kwambiri nyumba iterations ake:

Ife analengezeratu variable "ndi" ndipo ndinamuuza kuti ziro. Kuika zinthu "pamene <7", ndiye, pamene variable "ndi" ndi zosakwana chiwerengero "7", ndiye kuzungulira athu adzakhala anaphedwa bola ngati pali onyenga.

A onyenga (kuti, kodi kutuluka kuchokera kuzungulira) zidzakhala pamene variable adzakhala wamkulu kuposa chiwerengero "7". Zimenezi zichitike, ndi nthawi iliyonse incremented ndi 1, kuti ife amasonyeza mu "ndi = munthu + 1".

Ngati inu kuthamanga yomanga imeneyi, kalata "A" idzaonetsedwa maulendo 7 mu mzati!

Wosatha kuzungulira pamene Python

Kodi kupanga kuzungulira wosatha Python pamene? Ndikuganiza sikovuta, chifukwa mkombero akuthamanga mpaka kufikira amalandira mtengo wabodza, ndipo ngati mtengo uwu si kumeneko? Yankho la funso mwina kale kotero zonse zili bwino. Nthawi zina, ndi kuzungulira wopandamalire chofunika vuto? Mwachitsanzo uwu ukhala monga kuzindikira ngati dongosolo, monga "wotchi." Apa, ndithudi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuzungulira wopandamalire, amene adzawononga kusinthidwa ndi kusonyeza nthawi.

kuzungulira wopandamalire zambiri kulakwitsa novice mapulogalamu oiwala kuwonjezera zinthu kusintha mkombero.

Tiyeni tione chidutswa zotsatirazi Python code. M'zinthu Pankhaniyi iterated kalekale (pambuyo "#" khalidwe ndi ndemanga):

Chotero pulogalamu sayenera kuthamangira kulemba, chifukwa adzathamanga kalekale. Tinafunsa zinthu zimenezi chomwe sichidzathera zonama mfundo chikhalidwe «chiwerengero <10" mu nkhani iyi ndi yoona nthawi zonse, kotero iteration adzakhala nthawi zonse kubweretsa N-TH chiwerengero cha "Hello" mauthenga. Pofuna kulepheretsanso yolemba wosatha, muyenera kupitiriza kiyi kuphatikiza Ctrl + C mu mthunzi.

Python: malembedwe. Ngakhale, ndi zingwe zopota

Monga tanena mu chinenero cha "Python" mapulogalamu, pali njira zingapo bungwe mawu kubwereza gulu. Iwo wawombolera kuzungulira kuti, lomwe ndi pang'ono wosiyana mnzake pamene ake, chifukwa kamangidwe kake ndi pang'ono zovuta kuposa postcondition chabe. tiyeni tikambirane za padziko lonse kuzungulira, chifukwa si Komabe, kudziŵika kuti chifukwa kuzungulira ndi zambiri mofulumira kuposa kanthawi. A zosiyanasiyana kuthetsa kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya wamng'ono uyu amakhoza bwino kuposa mkombero ndi postcondition, choncho nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ntchito kugwira ntchito zambiri zazing'ono.

ndi mavuto kayendedwe ka chiyani? Mosakayikira, mofanana pamene - iterate njira iliyonse. Pulogalamu zolemba anapanga pa "Python", chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzungulira kuti, chimene chingathe ndikukhazikitsa traversal anakonzeratu kuchuluka kwa zinthu ndi kuchita m'thupi zosiyanasiyana iterating pa iwo. Features ya mamangidwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mizere processing kapena mndandanda monga chinthu ina iterated.

Chitsanzo cha ntchito zimene zimachitika mu Python

Tiyeni tinene tiri ndi mndandanda wa manambala, ndipo tiyenera lililonse mchitidwe (ie. E. Number) chinawonjezeka ndi mayunitsi atatu. Kugwiritsa ntchito ngati tingathe mwa kuzungulira, njira kuzungulira.

Tiyeni tionenso mofulumira, pamene ife adzakwaniritsadi zoyenela ichi (pambuyo "#" khalidwe ndi ndemanga):

The chifukwa cha zomangamanga pamwamba adzakhala:

Mu chitsanzo chathu, pali chiwerengero variable, imene tiyenera kuti kukondwerera mfundo kusintha mu zosiyanasiyana «spisok_chisel». N'kulemba variable wolembedwa ndi index phindu lililonse mchitidwe khamu la (nambala iliyonse mu mndandanda). «Zinthu» variable zikugwirizana chifukwa phindu mu mndandanda. Mu kwa kuzungulira, ife kuona momwe litsatira processing iliyonse chinthu mndandanda lapadera. Mkati mwa kuzungulira, aliyense chinthu M'ndandanda ndi index «achiyesa» anawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu panopa iterated ndi atatu. Ndiye index wathu «kuwerenga» chinawonjezeka ndi chimodzi, ndipo otaya kukhazikitsa pulogalamu akubwereranso ku chiyambi cha malonda yomanga chifukwa. Choncho, kuzungulira adzathamanga mpaka kufikira kukonzedwa lililonse mchitidwe khamu la, woperekedwa ndi chikhalidwe. Ngati mbali iliyonse akusowa, koma anapereka chikhalidwe, vuto chokwanira. Ife Atchule chinthu chimodzi zambiri: ngati mulibe kulemba mzere wa «achiyesa = kuwerenga + 1", ngakhale kuti mizere ya zinthu kukonzedwa bwino, chifukwa nthawi zonse zidzawonjezedwa kwa woyamba n'zosangalatsa kumva chinthu index ziro c.

Tsopano ife tikhoza kuganiza za pamene mfundo opareshoni kuzungulira tidziwe kusiyana (Kumbukiraninso kuti Python kunja kwa mkombero ndi postcondition ikuchitika pamaziko a muyezo zomveka - woona (kayendedwe ka akupitiriza) kapena zabodza (kayendedwe ka mabasi)).

Kodi kuchitira chingwe mu Python ntchito pulani?

Mu chinenero chirichonse mapulogalamu pali m'zinthu, ndipo ntchito, kawirikawiri pa mfundo yomweyo, kusiyana looneka kokha malembedwe a. Komabe, kwa kuzungulira m'chinenero "Python" si wamba ndi zazing'ono, chifukwa mfundo za ntchito yake si kauntala. Mapulani imati wachina chilichonse payokha. Zonsezi zikhoza anafotokoza ndi chitsanzo cha ntchito ndi zingwe, koma poyamba tiyeni kuthana ndi zikuchokera kwa mkombero kuti:

chifukwa variable

Iwo kusungidwa mu variable mkombero chifukwa opareshoni

mu peremennaya_2

kiyi mawu «mu» - ndi choyambilira pamene akugwira «kwa» mkombero. Kuyambira peremennoy_2 ife kukokera kufunika kuti adzakhala iterated. Chifukwa ndi losavuta kumva, kumva, tiyeni tione chitsanzo ka momwe ntchito ndi kuthetsa zingwe mu Python:

The chifukwa cha script kuti:

kupitiriza mawu

woyendetsa kupitiriza ndikukhazikitsa kusintha kwa kukhazikitsa kayendedwe ka lotsatira, woperekedwa ndi chikhalidwe, mosasamala kanthu za muyezo wa kuzungulira. Gwiritsani ntchito kupitiriza mawu akhoza kukhala m'zinthu awiri - ndipo pamene.

Taganizirani chitsanzo ichi:

Ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zotsatirazi:

Pamene wothandizira anapeza kalata "o" mu chingwe 'kubwereza chilembo chilichonse, kupatula' kuphedwa kwa pulogalamu yomweyo zimatumizidwa kwa mzere pambuyo mawu '' kupitiriza '', komwe chikhalidwe choikidwa kutsanzira chilembo chilichonse.

mawu yopuma

Keyword «yopuma» anaikapo mu malo kayendedwe ka ndi udzasokonezedwa popanda kuyembekezera anamalizidwa, yopatsidwa ndi chikhalidwe. Izi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba mapulogalamu ndi zambiri logic ndi zinthu.

Taganizirani chitsanzo ka mawu ntchito yopuma:

Ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zotsatirazi:

Pamene wothandizira anapeza kalata "o" mu chingwe 'kubwereza chilembo kupatula' kuphedwa kwa pulogalamu yomweyo anaduka, ngakhale kuti mzere lotsatira lili ndi zinthu kuzungulira.

Mawu matsenga china

Mu mndandanda wa mtundu uliwonse akhoza kutsatira woyendetsa wina. Kodi izo? Iye macheke amene anali odzipereka kuchokera kuzungulira zikutanthauza yopuma kapena kudacita. Letsani malamulo anakonzeratu mu kukhazikitsa aliyense anayamba kokha pamene chikhalidwe chimene linanena bungwe la kuzungulira zinachitikadi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo yopuma.

Taganizirani chitsanzo towerengeka;

The linanena bungwe la script kuti:

Zitsanzo za m'zinthu mu dongosolo n'zosiyana wa Python chinenero mapulogalamu

Monga akuyendera Python mkombero n'zosiyana? Tiyeni tiyerekeze kuti kulemba dongosolo kuti ayenera kuzindikira mzere khalidwe ndi kusindikiza izo mu dongosolo iwowo. Kodi kukhazikitsa izi?

Taganizirani chitsanzo pansipa:

The chifukwa cha script kuti:

zingwe zopota Mathithiŵa

Mu Python, palinso m'zinthu mapulogalamu ndi chuma, kuti aikidwa mu thupi la wina. Aliyense mkombero akhoza kukhala Mathithiŵa kuzungulira, ndipo n'zotheka kumanga makwerero osawerengeka. Mu iteration loyamba la kuzungulira akunja limachokera ndi kuitana kwa kuzungulira mkati, amene anaphedwa isanathe yake, ndiye kulamulira zonse kunam'sintha mu thupi la kuzungulira akunja. Manenedwe ali makhalidwe yakeyake zingwe zopota Mathithiŵa, tiyeni tione mmene ntchito mu "Python" chinenero mapulogalamu.

Ngati mumamwa zingwe zopota Mathithiŵa, Python opambana malembedwe zotsatirazi:

Mbali yapadera ya zingwe zopota Mathithiŵa n'chakuti mu vuto la mtundu uliwonse angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mtundu uliwonse wa mkombero! Izi zikutanthauza kuti mu dongosolo kanthawi (kapena) akhoza ophatikizidwa kwa mkombero kapena kachiwiri pamene ndi mosemphanitsa.