Rama 9 Mfumu ya Thailand: kubadwa, mbiri, zithunzi banja

Osati aliyense akudziwa dzina la Mfumu ya Thailand. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti dziko zosowa ili ndithu kutali ndi dziko lathu, ndipo sikuti chidwi muno ambiri. Pa nthawi ino mutu wa boma ndi Mfumu Rama 9 Thailand - chidwi umunthu. Tiyeni timutsatire yonena wake mwatsatanetsatane.

magwero

Kuyamba, kupeza magwero a banja, Mfumu tsogolo la Thailand anabadwa. Komanso kuganizira mokoma kubadwa kwake.

Atate Mahidol Adulyadej Rama 9 anali kuimira ufumu wa kulamulira wa Thailand - Chakri. Izi mpikisano ulemerero anayamba kulamulira mu Thailand kuyambira 1782, pamene m'malo ndi Rama Ine, yemwenso amadziwika pansi pa dzina la Rama 1. Iye anakhazikitsa ufumu, omwe anatchedwa Rattanakosin.

Mahidol Adulyadej anali mwana wa Mfumu Chulalongkorn, yemwenso amadziwika pansi pa dzina la Rama 5. mfumu Izi - mfumu wankulu wa Thailand. Nzosadabwitsa iye anapatsidwa dzina lakuti "Mfumu ya Buddha." Chimango 5 wakhala anatha modernize pa kayendetsedwe ka dziko ndi chuma m'njira Western, koma mosiyana mayiko ena Indochina, iye anakhalabe ulamuliro wa boma, ndipo inasanduka njuchi a.

Popeza Mahidol Adulyadej sanali mwana wamkulu m'banjamo, atamwalira Rama 5 mu 1910, Mpando Thailand a alternately m'malo ndi m'bale wake Vchiravud (Rama 6) ndipo Prajadhipok (Rama 7). Ndi ulamuliro wa otsiriza woona Siamese zisinthe wa 1932, chifukwa chimene Thailand wasintha kuchokera ku ufumu mtheradi mu malamulo a dziko lino. Patatha zaka zitatu chimango 7 Kodi antchito mokomera mwana wamkulu wa Mahidol Adulyadej - Ananda Mahidol.

Mahidol Adulyadej anakwatira Sangwan Talaphat anabadwa mu 1900, ndipo kenako dzina Srinagarindra. Iye sanali anachokera ku banja mfulu. Banjalo kale tinali kunja: ku Germany, France, Switzerland, USA. Makamaka Mahidol Adulyadej anaphunzitsidwa pa mbiri zachipatala mu United States, pa University Harvard, nthawi imene mwana wachitatu m'banja anabadwa - adzakhale Mfumu ya Thailand Bhumibol Adulyadej. Kuwonjezera wake pa Mahidol Adulyadej anali ndi mwana wina (mtsogolo chimango 8) ndi wamkazi.

Kubadwa kwa Rama 9

Bhumibol Adulyadej, ndipo adawomba monga Mfumu ya Thailand dzina la Rama 9 inalowa mfumuyo, anabadwa mu 1927 mu mzinda US a Cambridge, Massachusetts, mwana wa Mahidol Adulyadej ndi Sangwan Talaphat.

Kubadwa kwa Mfumu ya Thailand Rama 9 imagwera pa December 5. Panopa, izi si chabe tsiku wamba. holide National imatengedwa Mfumu la kubadwa mu Thailand. Kodi kukondwerera pano, mwina simukondwerera akubadwa Mafumu kulikonse mu dziko. Mwalamulo ilo likutchedwa Tsiku Atate ndi tchuthi dziko. Komanso, tsiku la kubadwa kwa Mfumu ya Thailand zonse makamu zikondwerero ambiri ndi zochitika zapadera. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti chikondwerero zina ngakhale yochepa ogwirizana ndi otsutsa ndale.

Choncho Tsiku Mfumu mu Thailand - moona holide dziko.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Choncho, chaka choyamba cha moyo, kuti adzakhale Mfumu Rama 5 Thailand unachitikira mu United States. Nditamaliza chiphunzitso bambo ake ku University Harvard banja mkaziyo anabwerera Thailand mu 1928. Patapita chaka izo zowawa chisoni chachikulu. Mu 1929, chifukwa matenda aakulu chiwindi, anafa Mahidol Adulyadej, amene panthawiyo anali wokalamba kokha zaka 37. Choncho, pa msinkhu wa zaka ziwiri Bhumibol Adulyadej anali opanda bambo. Katundu lonse yophunzitsa ana atatu linaikidwa pa mapewa a mayi - Sangwan Talaphat. Mu likulu la Thailand Bangkok Bhumibol Adulyadej iye anaphunzira maphunziro ake oyambirira.

Pambuyo ulimi wa 1932 yaing'ono Bhumibol Adulyadej anabisala ndi banja lake Lausanne, Switzerland, pa chisonkhezero cha agogo ake Savang Vadhana (mkazi wamasiye lalikulu Rama 5), amene ankaopa miyoyo ya m'malo mwa zochitika kunachitika. Kumeneku n'kumene iye anaphunzira sekondale. Koma mu 1935 Mfumu ya Thailand Prajadhipok antchito mokomera seveni chaka mphwake Ananda Mahidol - mkulu m'bale Bhumibol Adulyadej. Pambuyo pake, Ananda Mahidol anatenga dzina Rama 8, Bhumibol Adulyadej nakhala de A facto wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu ndipo analandira, pamodzi ndi mlongo udindo wapamwamba wa Prince - Chao Fa.

Koma ngakhale pambuyo pake, Ananda Mahidol, Bhumibol Adulyadej ndi achibale ake ena anapitiriza kukhala Switzerland. Thailand Rama 8, pamodzi ndi mchimwene wake ndi amayi anapezeka zaka zitatu zokha kuchokera pamene inalowa ufumu. nthawi yonseyi dziko ankalamulidwa ndi regents m'malo mwa mfumu. Komabe, ngakhale atabwerako Rama 8 sikuti nawo pa kayendetsedwe ka Thailand, ndipo popanda kukhala mwalamulo korona mfumu.

Nthawiyi Bhumibol Adulyadej anapitiriza maphunziro ake Lausanne, komwe anayamba kuphunzira sayansi ndale ndi malamulo pa yunivesite m'deralo, amene ankaona yapamwamba kwambiri bungwe maphunziro.

Inalowa ufumu

Pa momvetsa chisoni kwambiri zokhudzana ndi inalowa mpando wachifumu Thailand Bhumibol Adulyadej. Mu June 1946, m'bale wake Mfumu Rama 8, anapezeka atafa kuchipinda. Chifukwa cha imfa m'mutu ndi firearm a. ntchito unakhazikitsidwa kufufuza chochitika, amene anali kudziwa kuti imfa sizinachitike mwangozi. Koma anali kupha kapena kudzipha, sanathe adzakhazikika. Patapita anatsegula wa kufufuza, amuna atatu mlandu wakupha anapezeka, amene anaphedwa mu 1955. Koma akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira chigamulochi monga chinachititsa ndale ndi zifukwa zenizeni imfa ya mfumu ndi sichinaululidwe.

Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, koma mu 1946, anatenga dzina la Rama 9 Mfumu ya Thailand anali m'bale wa mfumu atamwalira Thailand Bhumibol Adulyadej.

Zaka zoyambilira

Pamene anayamba kulamulira Rama 9 - Thailand Mfumu? Tikumbukenso kuti ngakhale mphamvu malamulo a mfumu mu dziko wavutika okha, koma Bhumibol Adulyadej, mosiyana ndi m'bale wake, kuyambira masiku choyamba cha boma anachita chidwi ndi nkhani zandale ndiponso zachuma mu dziko. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti mu chimango ichi nthawi 9 kumaliza maphunziro ake ku Switzerland, anayenera kukhala ena kuchoka Thailand ndipo sanathe kutenga gawo mwachindunji pa kayendetsedwe ka ufumu.

Kuti nthawi ili moyo wa Rama 9 ngozi imene iye anagwa pa galimoto msewu Geneva-Lausanne mu 1948. A kumbuyo kuvulala kwambiri ndi mabala ambiri chifukwa cha ngozi anali mfumu ya Thailand. Photo Bhumibol Adulyadej pamene nthawi zambiri kokha pamene iye anali mu magalasi mdima kubisa zoipa.

Komabe, zifukwa chinachitika, ndipo pambuyo akamaliza maphunziro mfumu mu 1951, anabwerera Thailand.

Ukwati ndi coronation

Mu April 1950 ku Thailand Rama 9 iye pamodzi ndi ukwati Mfumukazi Sirikit. Iye, mosiyana pa nkhani ya mfumu, anachokera ku banja wolemekezeka kwambiri, ndipo bambo wake anali kazembe. Pa nthawi ya ukwati Sirikit anali simudafikire zaka 18, choncho siginecha pa satifiketi ukwati, mmalo mwa mkwatibwi anaika makolo ake.

Anabadwa Mfumukazi m'tsogolo August 12, 1932, ndipo pambuyo inalowa ake kuti mpando wachifumu wa kubadwa kwake chaka chilichonse chikondwerero ku Thailand monga tsiku la Anakubala.

Atangoyamba ukwati, mu May 1950, mfumu ndi mfumukazi anatiika korona. Popeza May 5, izo mwalamulo chikondwerero monga Tsiku limene coronation lapansi.

Wotsatira nthawi ya ulamuliro

Pambuyo pa ukwati wake, ndi coronation wa Rama 9 maphunziro anayamba kutenga mbali mwakhama kwambiri poyendetsa dziko kuposa kale. Iye anayamba kugwira ntchito mu moyo ndale za boma, ndipo pagulu, kulimbikitsa mfundo yachilendo ya Thailand.

Iyeyo anapita m'madera akumidzi a kumidzi kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza moyo ndi zosowa za nzika wamba, kuti kusintha banjalo. Ndipo Bhumibol Adulyadej allocates chithandizo chitukuko dera, osati kuchokera bajeti boma, komanso chifukwa cha ndalama yekha billionaire dola. Mu moyo wake wonse anatenga gawo mu ndalama oposa zikwi zitatu ntchito akulimbana. Iwo udachita Rama 9 kutchuka ndithu mu dziko.

Mu 1956, Bhumibol Adulyadej anakhala wansembe yochepa, mogwirizana ndi chipembedzo Abuda.

Iye anaika kwambiri kuyesetsa kuti democratization wa Thai anthu, ndipo zimenezi zimaonekera makamaka 90 ntchentche za m'ma XX. Ngakhale akuthandiza coups asilikali, Rama 9 anachita izo mu malo oyamba ochepa ndale sindikanatha kwenikweni kulanda mphamvu.

Choncho, pa zokhumba usilikali zimene zinachitika mu 2006, mfumu anathandiza junta, ankatembenukira boma panopa kutsogoleredwa ndi Thaksin Shinawatra, monga akhumudwa pa malamulo a demokalase ndi ntchito ya ziwembu achinyengo. Tikumbukenso kuti junta Sichinatsitsidwe analanda mphamvu, ndipo mu 2007 anasamutsidwa kuti boma wosankhidwa.

Pa zokhumba mu 2014 Rama 9, ngakhale mosafotokozeredwa thandizo lotseguka kwa putschists kaya, kapena boma panopa, monga ngati kusuntha kuchoka mtsutso pa ndale, koma kusankha mtsogoleri wa junta ndi, General Prayut Chan-o-che de A facto mtsogoleri wa dziko, mfumu momveka bwino pa kumbali anali pa .

Komabe, tisaiwale kuti zaposachedwapa, chifukwa zaka ndi matenda ake, Bhumibol Adulyadej ochuluka kusunthira kutali kasamalidwe zochitika ndi malamulo onse, poyesa kukopa mochuluka pa zomwe Thailand kuti athandize anthu ake.

Makalasi m'madera ena

Mfumu Bhumibol Adulyadej ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana, ndi zokonda zake sakuphatikizapo dera la ulamuliro.

Mfumu anali kuonetsetsa nawo nkhani ya kulenga mitambo yokumba, ndipo iye ali ndi setifiketi mu munda wa kafukufuku. chimango ali zikayenda 9 okonza. Iye analenga boti, womwe wakhala mosalekeza amayandama. Koma izi si chotengera chabe kuti zinalengedwa ndi mfumu.

Bhumibol Adulyadej wakhala zithunzi mwaukadaulo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti wachilekaniro 1000 baht, amasonyeza kuti kamera.

Komanso, chimango 9 pa mlingo wapamwamba wakhala akuimba chitoliro. Iye analemba nyimbo yake, amene anasonyeza ngakhale pa Broadway. Koma zimenezi si zodabwitsa, chifukwa mphunzitsi wake anali yekha mbuye wamkulu wa jazi Benni Gudmen.

Mmodzi Bhumibol Adulyadet zoyambitsidwa anali cholengedwa cha mtundu watsopano wa mafuta chilinganizo zochokera osakaniza ndi mafuta a dizilo ndi mafuta kanjedza.

Imatchedwanso buku la King, yemwe anakhala bestseller ku Thailand, amene anapereka bwanji ndi galu wanu pa Tongdaeng dzina.

Koma iyi ndi mbali chabe ya kupambana onse a Mfumu ya Thailand zosiyanasiyana.

banja

Banja lachifumu kupatula Rama 9 ndi mkazi wake Sirikit imakhala ndi zidzukulu zawo.

Vajiralongkorn - mwana yekhayo m'banja la mfumu, kotero iye ndiye wolowa ufumu. Iye anabadwa mu 1952, mwachitsanzo zaka ziwiri pambuyo ukwati wa Bhumibol Adulyadej ndi Mfumukazi Sirikit. maphunziro apamwamba ku UK ndi pa dziko la Australia. Anapereka moyo wake usilikali, nawo ntchito asilikali ndi zigaŵenga zankhondo Vietnamese, ali udindo wa General ndi asilikali.

Iye wakwatiwa katatu. Mu ukwati wake woyamba anali ndi msuweni wake pa mbali akuchikazi Soamsavali Kitiyakara. Patangotha chaka, m'nyengo ya ukwati, mu 1978, mwana wawo anabadwa Bajrakitiyabha. Koma ukwati anali kusungunuka.

Kwa nthawi yaitali kalonga Vachiralongkorn anali ndi ukwati ofunda ndi Ammayi Yuvadhidoy Polpraset. Iwo formalized ubwenzi wawo mu 1994 chokha. Pamene iwo anali kale ndi ana asanu. Koma zitapita zaka ziwiri, mgwirizano umenewu komanso anakomoka, monga Kalonga mlandu mkazi wake akusakhulupirira.

Mu 2001 Vachiralongkorn anakwatira kachitatu, mtsikana chiyambi odzichepetsa Srirasmi Suwadee Akharaphongpricha. Mu 2005, iye anamupatsa iye mwana Dipangkorna Rasmichoti kuti pambuyo kwambiri Vachiralongkorna ankaona wachiwiri mzere wa motsatizana ufumu. Koma mu 2014 ndipo ukwatiwo anali kusungunuka.

Koma mwana wa Mfumu Bhumibol Adulyadej ali ndi ana aakazi atatu: Ubolrotanu, Sirindhorn ndi Chulabhorn Valailak. Otsiriza a iwo mu 1982, anakwatira wachiwiri polimbana Tishiasarina Wirajuda. M'banja iwo anali ndi ana aakazi awiri: Siribachudabhorn ndi Aditiadornkitikun. Koma banja Chulabhorn Valailak, ngati m'bale wake, sizinayende, ndipo ukwatiwo anali kusungunuka. Komabe, kalonga uyu yapindula chikondi cha anthu chifukwa cha kuphunzira kwawo m'munda wa chitukuko mankhwala.

Apa ndiye mfumu ya mbadwa Thailand. banja, mfumu amakondedwa ndi kulemekezedwa ndi anthu Thai.

makhalidwe General

Taphunzira yonena za Thailand Mfumu Rama 9, ndipo maziko ake tingapange ena ziweruzo za mfumu monga munthu.

Bhumibol Adulyadej ndi mitundumitundu anthu wokhalapo. zinthu Zake zazikulu ndi zodabwitsa chabe. Munthu wotere kuchokera kudera la sayansi ndi luso ndale padziko lonse. A mbali yofunika imeneyi inafalikira lalikulu zofuna ankaimba maphunziro apamwamba kuti Rama 9 analandira m'nthawi yake.

Komanso, Dziwani kuti Mfumu konse anakhalabe akamaona anthu mavuto kwa nzika zonse. Iye amayesetsa kuti mulithetse kutali zedi. Limafotokoza mmene iye alili sanyalanyaza. Rama 9, mosiyana ndi m'bale wake, mphamvu yogwira pa mfundo pagulu Thailand, koma pa nthawi yomweyo akuyesera kuti achipange icho demokalase njira, popanda chichokereni ku kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zake.

Molemekeza maganizo akukumana Bhumibol Adulyadej ndi banja lake.

Pa nthawi yomweyo Dziwani kuti zisakuyenda mfumu, amene panopa motalikitsa akulamulira mfumu ya dziko, kulimbikitsa matenda. Makamaka, iye akudwala ngati matenda monga madzi pa ubongo. Koma tiyeni ndikuyembekeza kuti Rama 9 yaitali kusangalatsa anthu ake, akuthamanga Thailand.