Rukavishnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich, ndi wokayenda pamwezi: yonena

Rukavishnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich - makumi awiri atatu Soviet cosmonaut kuyesedwa injiniya wa "Soyuz-10" ndi "Salyut". "Union 16" anali kuthawa injiniya. Membala wa Party Communist la Soviet Union. Iye analandira mphoto zambiri boma pa ntchito yawo. NN Rukavishnikov koyamba pangozi ankafika spacecraft pamanja.

banja

Rukavishnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich anabadwa chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu September 1932 mu mzinda wa Tomsk. mayi ake, Galina, ntchito kapangidwe injiniya pa njanji. Bambo - mutu ntchito yomangayo. Atakula, Nikolay anakwatira Nina Vasilyevna, amene poyamba ankagwira ntchito zomangamanga akulu, kenako anakhala mayi wokhala pakhomo. Iwo anali mwana, Vladimir.

mapangidwe

Poyamba, Nicholas kusukulu Chiuzibeki mu mzinda wa Angra. Kenako anapitiriza maphunziro ake Tomsk. Pamene mayi ndi bambo ntchito ku Mongolia kuyambira mu 1947 mpaka 1950. Ine ndinapita ku sukulu malire tawuni Kehtaitse. Iye sukulu ya sekondale kale mu Moscow mu 1951, analowa likulu makina koleji (tsopano thupi Engineering Institute) pa mphamvu ya zipangizo Magetsi kompyuta ndi zochita zokha. Anamaliza mu 1957 ndi zomangamanga-sayansi zapaderazi. Mu 1980, anali kufotokoza nkhani yolembedwa wake, iye anakhala phungu wa sayansi ndi luso.

Ambiri anakonda madera, masamu ndi sayansi. Bambo Nicholas anatha kuphunzitsa mwana wake kukonda radiodelu kwa ana aang'ono. Nikolai anali kumverera kwa moyo. anayambitsa ankakonda ntchito sayansi. Pakati pa ophunzira ena Nicholas olekanitsidwa makhalidwe monga chidwi, malingaliro Nditchimo khama ndi zimene amachita.

Experience ntchito

Kuyambira mu 1957 Rukavishnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich ntchito mu CRI 58 injiniya. Iye anayambitsa mu ntchito kompyuta. Pa nthawi yomweyo chinkhoswe mu kapangidwe, chitukuko, unsembe ndi chiyesedwe cha machitidwe kulamulira, kuphatikizapo chitetezo luso nyukiliya.

Kuyambira 1957 anagwira ntchito gawo makumi awiri oyamba OKB-1 monga injiniya. Anayambitsa dongosolo la zodziwikiratu kasamalidwe interplanetary siteshoni, iye anali nawo chilengedwe cha zomera ndi ndege kuyezetsa. Mu 1960 NN Rukavishnikov analimbikitsidwa ndi injiniya pakampanipo. Ankaonetsetsa gulu kuti yopangidwa ndi danga akutsutsa machitidwe kasamalidwe. Management ankakonda khalidwe ndi mayendedwe a ntchito, kotero Nicholas mofulumira kwambiri mwa zigawo. Tikumbukenso kuti machimo iliyonse iye sanagwiritse ntchito ndi kokha anafika ntchito zawo.

Kuyambira 1962 mpaka 1963. Nikolai analenga adakwera ulamuliro zovuta zokha kwa processing zimene timaphunzira, ndipo mu chaka cha 1964 anaikidwa mutu wa timu chitukuko.

kukonzekera Flight

Mu 1964 Rukavishnikov Nikolay Nikolayevich anatumizidwa kufufuza mankhwala woyenera chombo, koma sanapereke mwayi Commission. Patapita zaka ziwiri, anangomulambalala kufufuza mankhwala kachiwiri, ndipo potsiriza anasankhidwa kukhala mayeso cosmonaut. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye nawo chilengedwe cha machitidwe danga zinthu kulamulira. Yopangidwa ndi gulu zipangizo, kachitidwe adakwera, etc. nawo mu mayesero.

Mu 1967, Nicholas membala wa cosmonaut Corps ndipo anatumizidwa ku testers. Mpaka 1970, unachitikira maphunziro apadera kuuluka kuzungulira Moon ndi ankafika pa izo. M'chaka makumi woyamba, iye analimbikitsa kuyesa cosmonaut a kalasi lachitatu.

Koma kuphunzitsa munthu wotha: ngati roketi Launch kulephera zinachitika, ndipo pachiswe miyoyo ya chombo utsogoleri sakanakhoza. Flights anafunika kaye. Komabe, kukonzekera ndege ku malo anapitiriza yekha nthawi imeneyi siteshoni yozungulira "Salyut".

buthulo ndege

kuwuluka Kwake koyamba cosmonaut Rukavishnikov, amene mbiri limafotokoza nkhani imeneyi, anachita mu April 1971 ngati mayesero injiniya "Union-10." M'dziko inali nthawi yoyamba danga yoyenda atazikocheza ndi siteshoni danga inatha. Koma Anabweza wathunthu analephera kugwira ntchito zikayamba ya olowa, kotero kuti kusintha kwa akatswiri siteshoni danga, nthawi imeneyi sizinachitike.

The chachiwiri ndege Nikolai amayenera kupanga makumi awiri-July 1971, koma pafupifupi mwezi pamaso pa tsiku limenelo, anaphedwa adalira lonse la "Soyuz 11", kotero maulendo anali mongoyembekezera zimafika. Mu September chaka chomwecho Rukavishnikov anakhala kazembe mutu wa dipatimenti.

The ndege yachiwiri

The chachiwiri ndege Tomsk cosmonaut Rukavishnikov anapanga December 1974 pamene ndege injiniya pa bolodi "Soyuz 16". The ndege unatenga masiku 5 maola 22. Mph 23. 35 gawo. spacecraft mkulu anaikidwa A. Fillipenko. The chombo athane ndi ntchito kwakukuru. Pulogalamu kuchita masamu pa awiri mayeso ndege, ndi miyezi sikisi kunali koyenera kutsanzira adalira waukulu sitimayo.

Kuchita izi, "APAS" pulogalamu lisanalengedwe (mayeso ndege), mu chimango cha zimene amachita ndege chachiwiri. Mu 1975 Rukavishnikov N. N. amaloŵamo kukonzekera zina ndege yotsatira, ndi chimodzimodzi mu 1977, koma mtengo wa "Union" Mkulu.

The ndege lachitatu

The ndege wachitatu mu malo Rukavishnikov anapanga April 1979 ndi kale mu udindo wa mkulu, ndipo iyi inali ndege yoyamba monga mutu wa zosakhudzana ndi. Pamene ngalawayo anapita siteshoni danga, panali boma la mwadzidzidzi - zokha kutchinga injini. Only ndi lamulo wabwino wa Nikolai Nikolaevich adalira anapulumuka ndi kubwerera mwamtendere kwa Earth. Nthawi yoyamba kuti ndegeyo mwadzidzidzi anapangidwa pamanja.

flights kumapeto

Mu eyite-chaka chachitatu Rukavishnikov - ndi wasayansi ya zakuthambo wakhala malo katatu, anayamba kukonzekera ndege yotsatira, anaikidwa kukhala membala wa woyamba Soviet-Indian adalira. Koma asapatsire Nikolai Nikolaevich candidacy anakanidwa, ndipo inachotsedwa pokonzekera ndege. Mu 1987 iye anachotsedwa chiwerengero cha chombo chifukwa pantchito.

Rukavishnikov zambiri lectured mu anthu "Kudziwa", anali membala wa gulu ake ndi zonse kutsogolera kulengezetsa za mlengalenga. Mpaka pantchito ntchito monga kazembe. mutu wa RKK "Mphamvu" anali imodzi mtsogoleri wa dziko la Federation of Cosmonautics, woyamba Soviet Union kenako Russia.

Rukavishnikov monga munthu

Monga Nikolai Nikolaevich kumbukirani onse amene ankamudziwa iye anali chidwi kwambiri munthu, kucheza, mosangalatsa kwambiri ndi wansangala. Chifukwa Iye adadziwa Nikolai Rukavishnikov kwambiri, anali wongonena zodabwitsa. Iye nthawizonse atapemphedwa kuti awathandize, ndipo ena amanenela Tomsk Gagarin. The kugwira-chipilala kuti iye anakhazikidwa pa moyo wake.

imfa wokayenda pamwezi a

Nikolay Nikolaevich Rukavishnikov - ndi wokayenda pamwezi amene anamwalira ndi matenda a mtima chifukwa cha edema m'mapapo mwanga, chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi October 2002 Ichi chinali chifukwa cha vuto la Alzheimer, amene anatulukira pa cosmonaut lapansi. Rukavishnikov m'manda ku Moscow Ostankino manda.