Henry Ford: MBIRI ndi nkhani kupambana

injiniya American, zatsopano, industrialist Henry Ford anabadwa mu July 1863. Iye anakhala kunyada kwa makampani magalimoto wa United States, anayambitsa Ford Njinga Company, kulinganiza za ulimi mlengi ndi ulusi-conveyor zovuta.

Car Genri Forda anamulenga mogometsa, palibe superfluous, kukongola kwa kuthekera kwake ndi magwiridwe. Ndipo ndi - osati chidole mwanaalirenji. Ichi ndi yabwino, angakwanitse mphatso amene anapanga American mabanja ambiri a Henry Ford. Wambiri ya woyamba ndi okonza - chitsanzo chabwino kwa aliyense.

mtengo

Bakuman othandiza ndi "American Dream", Henry Ford sanali kuyambitsa mwina galimoto kapena conveyor monga ndithudi ambiri a m'dziko lake. Kudziona injini ophimba kupangidwa kale kwambiri ndi ena Dipo zoyambira ndi zikepe ndi zomera nyama kulongedza katundu wa Chicago wachita kale ntchito malamba conveyor.

Wotchuka Henry Ford, amene yonena n'chakuti m'kupita amapeza zambiri ndi zambiri wosangalatsa, ngakhale kuti anatha kulenga ulusi kuntchito. Ndi malonda magalimoto - komanso maganizo ake, zili ndi iye mu moyo. Ndipo ambiri Chofunika - kasamalidwe. Mwanzeru mabizinesi m'bungwe muyenera Ngopambana, ndi mzaka zana makumi awiri anapereka dziko womanga bizinesi. Wamalonda yabwino ya atumwi, monga magazini mwayi!

Iwo anamanga kupanga lalikulu la alipo pa nthawi imeneyo, makampani weniweni, kumene Ford chinapangidwa koyambirira biliyoni wake (tsopano ndalama "ndi" Makumi asanu biliyoni). Mfundo za kasamalidwe zake ndi akuthandiza kwambiri pa ndondomeko yonse ya anthu US. Ford anakwanitsa kugulitsa khumi miliyoni ndi theka "Ford T" ndi kofunikira kupanga mu mzere conveyor amakonda ndi njinga mu msewu.

Mdani ndi mlengi wa Management

Ngati pali sanali mdani mfundo za kasamalidwe Henry Ford, yonena lake kudzadza mutu wa bizinesi yabwino. Iye anali ndi makhalidwe ake: wantchito amalipira kawiri momwe mabwana ena, iwo anagulitsa magalimoto pa mitengo kwambiri kuchotsera. Choncho analenga kalasi panopa amatchedwa "zamanja". Iye sanakweze kufunika kwa malonda awo. No! Iye analenga zinthu kufunika oterowo.

Iwo sanafune sizigwirizana ndi mfundo za malamulo alipo mafakitale. chiphunzitso Management analengedwa ndi kukonza mu makalata ndi mlandu Ford theorists amene sanathe kupambana automaker wolemekezeka mpaka anaonekera Manager ankachita General Motors, amene anaphwanya zidutswa Genri Forda mu mkangano mkati. Wopambana Ford, amene yonena ndi woyenerera cholembera cha Hollywood wolemba filimu script, monga wazamalonda ndi, anagundidwa mu 1927.

Kamodzi mankhwala n'kofunika

Pa nthawiyi, Henry sanathenso kusintha zikhulupiriro zawo. Iye alidi "zazvezdilsya", ndiye bwino kwabasi za kuyenerera zawo. Koma nthawi yatsopano abwera, kusintha zomwe iye anali anaona. Wopambana kasamalidwe ulimi tsopano chofunika, ndi khalidwe latsopano la kasamalidwe, ndi nthawi sangathe kumvetsa Henry Ford. Anagwiranso iye za izi zodabwitsa "olimbitsa - zamkhutu athanzi ndi anthu achabechabe ndi odwala - ndi contraindicated .." The mtima womwewo iye ndi kasamalidwe.

Ford ankadziwa kuti ngati mankhwala zili zabwino, adzakubwezerani phindu, ndipo ngati zoipa, ndiye utsogoleri ambiri mozizwitsa wosatenga zotsatira. Ford ananyozera luso la wotsogolera, akuthamanga masitolo, kuphunzira ndinayang'ana apo, zikalata ndalama kuti iye ankaona mseru, anadana osunga ndalama anavomereza ndalama zokha. Zachuma anali iye akuba, speculators, tizirombo ndi achifwamba, ndi ma sheya hoda - majeremusi. Ndipo kotero luso Henry Ford makoti Kuwaza nkhani imeneyi! Komabe kasamalidwe othokoza amawagwiritsira chitsanzo cha imfa ya yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale mu malonda. Lang'anani, ngati iye sanali mwabwino, makasitomala anali kukhulupilila.

mankhwala woonamtima

Genri Forda ndemanga pankhaniyi ndi zogwirizana nthawi zonse: "ntchito Only amalenga kufunika!" - Ine sindinayambe ndatopa kuuza. Ndipo chotero izo zinali. Kupanga pa chomera sanayambitse mpaka chitsanzo sizinawakhudze abwino, mwamtheradi konsekonse, pa Ford amakhulupirira kuti boma. Komanso kusintha kupanga mkombero, ndi galimoto amavalidwa mtsinje. Zosintha akufunafuna m'badwo okwana Ford akuyembekezera kuti m'madipatimenti ntchito pamodzi mogwirizana, kenako phindu palokha momasuka ukufika kumalo a ntchito.

mafunso onse lofunika kwambiri la mutu wa kampani wosankha. Chiphunzitso Genri Forda anali motere: kufunika strategy msika ndi "malowedwe mitengo". Chaka chilichonse buku la ukuwonjezeka kupanga ndalama ndi kuchepetsedwa mpaka nthawi zonse kugwa mtengo wa galimoto - njira kuti amalenga khola kukula phindu, monga limatuluka akumufuna. Phindu kwenikweni anabwerera kupanga. Ngakhale mfundo za Genri Forda ankagwira ntchito bwino malonda, iye anali wazamalonda-individualist - ma sheya hoda salipidwa konse.

mfundo yaikulu

Apa, loto American: adzabadwire, monga Henry Ford, mu osauka ulimi banja, kukhala wolemera ndi wotchuka. Muno timaiwala amene pulezidenti awo lero, koma galimoto Genri Forda sizidzakumbukiridwa nthawi zonse. Ford anali ngati lingaliro umodzi moyo wake wonse, anagonja mtheradi, anapirira ambiri kunyozedwa, analimbana ndi intrigue chipangizo. Koma awo iye anakwaniritsa: kulenga galimoto ndipo anapanga mabiliyoni ambiri.

Mkazi Genri Forda - Clara - analinso mmodzi wa moyo. Ankakhulupirira ndi mtima wonse, kuthandiza mu zovuta ndi mtima wonse. Ilo nthawiina anafunsa momwe iye akanati moyo wake, ngati iye anapatsidwa mwayi wachiwiri. Genri Forda mfundo zonse zakhala woyenera Sindidzaiwala: "Ine angagwirizane, koma ndi chikhalidwe chimodzi: Ine kukwatiwa kachiwiri pa Clara."

kuyambira

Ndipotu moyo wa Henry zinachitika mophweka. Iye anabadwa pa famu ku Michigan, komwe kuyambira ndili wamng'ono anali kugwira ntchito kuti athandize bambo ake kumunda. Iye alidi anamuda kwa ntchito. Iwo anakopeka njira yokha. Ndipo zimene anaona ndi zaka khumi ndi ziwiri nthunzi Locomobile anagwedeza moyo mnyamata pansi kwambiri. Choncho anayamba mbiri Genri Forda.

Tsiku lililonse mpaka usiku, Henry anavutika ndi kumanga limagwirira yogwedeza. Iye anasiya kukhala ngati mnyamata wamba: matumba zonse za mtedza, m'malo zidole - zipangizo. Makolo anapereka oyamba m'moyo wake koloko, anapanga kunja tsiku lomwelo ndipo kuyisonkhanitsa. zaka khumi ndi zisanu kuthamangathamanga minda oyandikana ndi kukonza zonse aliyense wa zimagwirira, ndi sukulu, choncho sanaphunzire. Patapita mawu Genri Forda pankhaniyi sizinasinthe osamva. Iye ananena kuti mabuku saphunzitsa china zothandiza, ndi makina ndi limagwirira chofunika kwambiri chimene, monga wolemba mabuku, tikhoza kupeza mfundo zonse ndi kukhala okhoza kuwatsatira.

injini nthunzi

Henry sankadziwa enawo: ku ulimi mizu kwathunthu anathyola, anagwira ntchito makina shopu, ndipo usiku anakonza koloko, kulimbika pa jeweler lapansi. Popeza lingaliro kale waonekera odzilemekeza injini ophimba adatengedwa maloto ake onse, pa sikisitini analowa "Westinghouse" Katswiri msonkhano ndi kukonza injini nthunzi. Izi Mipikisano matani galimoto mizukwa kuchita makilomita 12 pa ola limodzi ndipo nthawi zambiri ntchito ngati thirakitara. locomobiles misewu anali moti aliyense ankatha kugula galimoto amenewa.

The kampani woyamba Genri Forda, ngakhale kuti sanali mwana wake, mpata kukula mu ntchito, kutenga malingaliro ndi kuyesa kugwiritsa iwo. Ulendo woyamba anali kulenga kuwala ngolo nthunzi yolima. Henry anakumbukira za atate wake, zimene zinawachitikira maloto atate ake woyera mwana mwamuna, ndipo chikumbumtima chake, ndithudi, nkhawa. Ndicho chifukwa akufuna kuthetsa chiwerengero choopsa cha alimi kuloza ku ntchito yaikulu ya mapewa bambo ake pa kavalo chitsulo.

The injini ya kapangidwe latsopano

Thalakitala - osati misa mankhwala. Anthu akufuna galimoto, omwe amatha kuyenda m'misewu, m'malo chipangizo ntchito kumunda. Komabe, galimoto, anasonkhana ndi Henry, zinali zoopsa: ndi yabwino kukhala pa bomba kuposa kukatentha pansi kuthamanga. Young Ford anaphunzira boilers machenjerero onse ndipo anazindikira kuti iwo tsogolo si kuti adalira zosavuta injini kwa angapo zosatheka. Atamva za injini mpweyawu Ford anadzazidwa ndi chiyembekezo chatsopano.

Anzeru anthu kumumvetsera ndi chidwi, koma bwino Genri Forda mu nkhani iyi, mwamtheradi ndikukhulupirira izo. Iye sanaonepo bwenzi limodzi la anthu ophunzira amene anazindikira mu injini kuyaka mkati tsogolo la anthu. Kuyambira nthawi nsonga onse "wochenjera" ankanyoza. injini Izi Genri Ford zinakonzedwa 1887. Pa ichi iye ankayenera disassemble injini mafuta Filippa Lebona ndi kuzindikira kuti pali Nanga kubwerera ku munda kuyetsa kumeneko.

Injiniya ndi makaniko

Bambo wosangalala kubwerera kwa mwana wake ndipo anampatsa gawo la nkhalango, kuti yekha anasiya anatola ndalama za chitsulo. Henry Ford, pang'ono anawapusitsa anavomera, anamanga nyumba, matabwa, msonkhano anakwatiwa Clara. Kumene, nthawi ufulu onse anakhala mu msokhano uno, kuwerenga mabuku pa zimango, cholinga.

Monga yekha pa munda kunali kosatheka kuti asamuke, anasamukira ku Detroit, kumene iye amapatsidwa malipiro a $ 45 kampani magetsi. Clara nthawi zonse wakhala akundithandiza mwamuna wake pa zochita zake zonse.

Mu anzake atsopano za chisoni awo mozunzika iye sankakhoza kupeza chifukwa iwo anali wotsimikiza kuti zonse magetsi za m'tsogolo lathuli, ndipo pano ine ndekha, "tate wake wa magetsi" Thomas Edison anali ndi chidwi, anachita mozindikira nakhumba ine mwayi. Henry Ford anali amazipanga kusekera.

Choyamba dalaivala za America

Pamene 1893 Henry Ford adagulung'undisa pa Detroit mu galimoto yoyamba ndi injini kuyaka, amene adayitana njinga Quad, kavalo shied, odutsa anadabwa tarahtenie mokweza, anasonkhana chonse, kufunsidwa. Koma panalibe malamulo magalimoto, choncho tinkafunikira chilolezo ndi apolisi. Choncho adakhala woyamba wovomerezeka mwalamulo wowayendetsa America.

Kukwera zaka zitatu, Henry anagulitsa mwana woyamba madola mazana awiri ndi kuziika pa chilengedwe cha chitsanzo latsopano la galimoto opepuka. Iye ndiye mwanjira ankaganiza kuti magalimoto katundu safuna. O, ngati iye anayang'ana pa chilengedwe cha kampani yake - Ford ulendo, ndiye basi ndasintha maganizo anga. Komabe, ngati iye ankakhulupirira kuti ndi mankhwala misa ndiye kuunika, ndipo paulendowo.

Pa nthawi imeneyo, kampani magetsi anapanga injiniya chake choyamba, amalipira $ 125 mwezi, koma zatsopano magalimoto linachititsa mkwiyo wa utsogoleri. Akukhulupirira okha magetsi. The mpweya - palibe. Company predloozhila Henry Ford okwezeka kwambiri, koma tiyeni iye asiye zamkhutu imeneyi ndipo adzakhala chinkhoswe mu nkhani pano. Ford ndinaganiza, ndi kusankha loto lake.

anagona galimoto

Mwachangu anapeza anzake amene padera ndalama kumene analenga Detroit galimoto kampani yopanga magalimoto anagona. Ganizo kuŵeta Henry Ford sunathe kuteteza. Anzake amafuna ndalama, ntchito zina za galimoto iwo basi sitinamuone. Komabe, ndalama zambiri palibe ogwira ntchito limodzi ndi sizinathandize. Mu 1902 iye anasiya kampaniyo, osati kugwera mu khalidwe la kudalira. "Onse ndekha!" - Henry Ford anauza yekha. Zikayenda anali panjira.

Liwiro sanachitepo mu galimoto Ford wofunika, koma chifukwa tcheru anthu akhoza anakopeka chigonjetso, iye anali akadali kukonzekera magalimoto awiri, anaikira liwilo. "Pa wosadalirika chitsimikizo angathe sudzaperekedwa - mwake anati, - N'zotheka kugwa Niagara Falls ndi anthu ambiri mwayi."

Koma makina anali okonzekera mpikisano. Panali okha wowayendetsa. Ndi mphepo zikulilima anavomera wopalasa njinga pa Oldfield banja, onyamula mtima wosaka. Koma konse adakhala kumbuyo gudumu la galimoto. Zinali sabata pamaso mpikisano. The wopalasa njinga sanamugwiritse Iye mwala. Komanso konse anayang'ana pozungulira, sanayang'ane kumbuyo ndipo sazengereza pansi pa motsatana ndi: monga "vtopil" ngo ku zitsulo poyamba, ndipo sanali kuchepetsa liwiro la pamzere womaliza. Ford galimoto adayamba. Makampani chidwi, pafupi sabata kenako kampani linakhazikitsidwa, mbewu yaikulu ya Ford - Ford Njinga.

Magalimoto onse

Omwe kampani Genri Ford bungwe dongosolo kale lomwe. Kutsogoza anali mankhwala a odalirika, zosavuta ntchito, wotsika mtengo, zosavuta, misa. Ford sanafune ntchito wolemera, koma ankafuna kuti aliyense osangalala anzake. No apamwamba, ulemerero ambiri kumodzi ndi zinchito. Ndipo kutchuka kwa mtundu, nayenso, zinalibe kanthu. Ngakhale maina abwino a zanyengo wake sanali lililonse latsopano iye anatcha kalata yotsatira ya zilembo.

Ford anapitiriza mfundo zitatu zachuma: musatenge likulu anthu ena, zonse zikhoza kugulidwa yekha ndi ndalama, ndi phindu zonse kwenikweni analowa kupanga. Benefiti kudalira okhawo amene mukugwira nawo polenga mankhwala. maganizo onse, khama imatsogoleredwa Ford kuti akonze galimoto konsekonse. Iwo wakhala chitsanzo kalata "T". Previous kugulitsa bwino, koma, poyerekeza ndi "T", ankaoneka chabe experimental. Tsopano malonda mpake limati: "Mwana aliyense adzatha kusamalira" Ford "!

wangwiro

Mu 1909, Henry Ford linalengeza kuti tsopano kubala kokha chitsanzo "T" ndi galimotoyo chomwecho. Ndipo, monga nthawizonse, anapanga nzeru kulengeza: - "Munthu aliyense angathe kugula" Ford-T "mwamtheradi mtundu uliwonse, koma ndi proviso kuti mtundu uliwonse adzakhala wakuda."

Kumvetsa lonse chochitika wayamba mutu wa kampani, ndi anayamba kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro chonse mwa kupambana, m'pofunika kulingalira kuti munthu adzaika kampani kuti aliyense wa ife ndege wotchipa ndi omasuka. Izi panthawiyo zokhudzana kugula galimoto.

Galimoto anali kukhala otakasuka ndithu omasuka kupeza banja lonse. Genri Forda komanso nkhawa kusankha zinthu, zimene ziyenera kukhala zabwino. Kapangidwe ayenera kukhala zazing'ono ngati n'kotheka mu njira segodyanshney - iye anati. A antchito woyamba kalasi anali naye nthawi zonse.

Ford ananena kuti mtengo wa galimoto ali otsika kuti munthu aliyense ntchito adzatha kugula izo. Pano, pa mawu awa kwa iye, ambiri asiya kukhulupirira. Factory zitini! - anafuula adani ake. A chitsanzo cha "T" otchedwa "malata Lizzie." Zingaoneke, kodi kusiyana, ndi galu kukuwa. Zilibe kanthu - kenako apita. Koma kuti kugulitsa kwambiri, ndi zotchipa sikungakuthandizeni. M'pofunika kuonetsetsa khalidwe.

chisamaliro kasitomala

Pa muzu wa makampani galimoto, galimoto malonda ndi opaleshoni zabwino - ndi chabe. Anagulitsa - anataya. Tsoka zina za galimoto palibe amene anali ndi chidwi. Pamene kukonza mbali ndalama prohibitively mtengo, chifukwa mwini malo kupita - kugula wokongola. Ford anagulitsa mbali ndi wotchipa kwambiri ndi kusamalira kukonza magalimoto fakitare.

Mukupanga poona. Anayamba intrigue, miseche, ngakhale m'mabwalo a eni luso. Ford sanazengereze asindikizidwe m'nyuzipepala kuti aliyense wogula galimoto ukafunidwe ndi Ford Njinga chomangira madola miliyoni khumi kungakupatseni kulandira ndalama mu nkhani ya ngozi zosasangalatsa. Ndipo anam'funsa kuti kugula magalimoto odziŵika otsika khalidwe pa mkulu mitengo adani kampani Ford Njinga. Ndipo zinatheka! Mu 1927, chifukwa zipata fakitale kumanzere khumi miliyoni galimoto "Ford T" imene sanasinthe pa zaka naintini. Kodi iye sanasinthe mfundo komanso Henry Ford. Wambiri iye uno sunathe. Mpaka imfa yake mu 1947, iye anali kwambiri: kulenga magalimoto bwino, kulemba mabuku angapo chidwi ndi kuzindikira maloto American.

Pamene zikuoneka kuti dziko lonse ndi motsutsana nanu, kumbukirani kuti ndege amachotsa ndi mphepo! Choncho anati Henry Ford. Ndipo moyo wake onse anatsatira lamulo limeneli.