"Samarskaya Luka" National Park. malo otetezedwa

Samarskaya Luka - kumalire wapadera. alili aumbike mwa Bay (Usinsk) Kuibyshev posungira ndi unakhota otchuka pakati pa mtsinje Volga. Apa chapadera kwambiri yaying'ono-nyengo, kukongola chodabwitsa mapiri, buluu buluu thambo la Volga, zomera wapadera ndi mtendere. kukongola onse a Samara Bend anapambana dziko kutchuka.

Mbiri ya "Samarskaya Luka" National Park

Si kale, m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu mochedwa, mu Samara Luka anakula nkhalango zowirira za mitengo yakale. Awa anali makamaka paini-thundu ndipo nkhalango thundu-laimu. Komabe, patapita mitengo pansi misa kudula mitengo, chifukwa mu kuchepetsa kwambiri magulu.

"Samarskaya Luka" Park National anakhazikitsidwa mu 1984. Cholinga cha chilengedwe ake anali kusunga machitidwe zachilengedwe, amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha chikhalidwe dziko, ndi kulenga zinthu zonse zofunikira chitukuko cha zokopa alendo m'chigawo. Pabwalopo inamangidwa kwambiri m'nyumba tchuthi ndi malo alendo, wopalidwa yozizira ndi njira chilimwe. Pafupi ndi mzinda wa Zhigulevsk, kapena kani, ndi mwachindunji pafupi pa kum'mwera. Kotero tikhoza kunena kuti anthu a mumzinda uwu ndi mwayi kwambiri. Pakuti iwo achoke kukayenda pabwalopo palibe vuto.

mbiri nyumba pabwalopo

Tikumbukenso kuti "Samarskaya Luka" National Park ndi chidwi osati nyama ndi zomera zake, pali zambiri akatswiri a zinthu zakale pa madera ake. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi mudzi wa Murom. Poyamba anali mmodzi wa midzi yaikulu ya Volga Bulgaria (kuchokera chinayi m'ma chakhumi ndi chitatu). Komanso, pali kuthetsa wa Mkuwa ndi Iron Ages. Onsewo ali akufunika kuwerenga, chifukwa iwo akhoza kukuuzani zambiri latsopano.

Pabwalopo chionetsero zodabwitsa za zokumbidwa pansi chatsegulidwa mu 2011 pansi pa dzina la "Antiquities wa Samara Bend." Tangoganizirani kuti pali zinthu zakale za thupi nyengo zosiyana: Stone, yamkuwa, yachitsulo Ages ndi Zapakati. Kodi zosangalatsa kuona nkhani moyo wa nthawi Golden gulu!

Popeza mzinda kufupi kwambiri Zhigulevsk, chionetserochi linatsegulidwa mothandizidwa cha nyumbayi wake. Am'deralo sikuti nthawi zonse nthawi ndi mwayi pitani zakale. Koma kubwera ku paki patchuthi monga zingakhale ndi mwayi pamene zosangalatsa N'kutheka kuti kuphatikiza ndi maulendo chidziwitso.

Ambiri mbiri yonse ya chigawo ichi umakhudza mayina a kanjedza mbiri, Stepan Razin, Ermak, Emelyan Pugachev, Alexander Menshikov ndi Orlov abale.

Nature National Park

Nature Samara Luka wolemera zosiyanasiyana zomera kuti ali ku kasupe yophukira steppe chivundikiro mitundu n'kotheka. The zomera m'dera ali kwambiri tanthauzo sayansi. Pali poyamba anatsegula zomera asanu, atatu omwe zambiri sanapezeke kwina kulikonse. Iwo monetolistny mpendadzuwa, Zhiguli spurge, Gypsophila Zhiguli. zomera zambiri za Samara Bend n'zochepa ndipo imapezeka mu malo awa.

chidwi kwambiri zofufuza mitengo relict kupulumuka kutali Kale (chisanadze Ice, Ice, nthawi postglacial). Oddly okwanira, koma glacier sanali kukwaniritsa Zhiguli Mountains, choncho pafupifupi ndekuti khalidwe la Samara Bend. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha zotsalira amapezeka ndendende mu miyala phiri steppe.

zomera

The zomera za Samara Bend mokwanira chosiyana. Zimenezi zimaonekera chakuti peresenti makumi atatu inakhala moyo pano pa mbali malire. Zikuphatikizapo: buluzi, adder, Ural kadzidzi, kadzidzi Tengmalm a, grouse ndi capercaillie. Onsewo ndi akuluakulu a nayonso Siberia ndi mitundu. Ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo pafupi ndi iwo moyo oimira lililonse mitundu ya steppe kum'mwera: chithaphwi kamba, coluber, European njuchi yowola, madzi njoka.

Palinso mitundu relict. Chinthu chidwi n'chakuti anasiyanitsidwa ndi yaikulu m'dera moyo mtunda wamkulu mokwanira. Iwo coluber, wamkulu Mole-makoswe, ndi kachilomboka Rosalía longicorn.

Zosiyanasiyana ndi zamakono nyama Samara Bend: nswala, mbawala, nkhandwe, Boar zakutchire, amphaka, marten, kalulu, nkhandwe, muskrat, ndi ena ambiri. Onse a iwo amakhala pano mu omasuka chilengedwe.

Mountain Samara Bend

Mu gawo kumpoto chakumadzulo cha Samara Luka ndi Ngwazi Barrow. Naye ndi kuyamba Zhiguli Mountains, amene kutambasula 75 Km yaitali lokwera. Kurgan waphimbika mu kwambiri nkhani komanso nthano. kutalika kwake pang'ono mamita oposa mazana awiri. Iye amakapakapa madzi a posungira Volga pafupi Usinsk Bay.

Imodzi mwa nthano lowoneka limatiuza kuti kamodzi pa chikondi ndi msungwana wokongola Volga mwachita. Koma sanali wokongola. Mtima wake anali kulamulidwa ndi Nyanja ya Caspian. Ndipo anzawo anaganiza kuti asalalikire mayendedwe ake, musalole mdani wa. Ndiye Volga kunyengedwa iye. Iye wosakaniza mawu ake abwino ndi mnyamata, ndipo kumuwombera wake. Ndipo iye anathawira ku wokondedwa wake. nthawi zambiri kuchokera pamenepo, ndipo ake asilikali anzathu anatembenukira kwa mwala natembenukira mu Barrow Polimbikitsa. Ndipo kuyambira kalekale Volga lulls iwo kung'ung'udza za madzi ake. Ameneyo ndi nkhani wokongola wa zikamera wa Samara Luka ndi Zhiguli Mountains. Komabe, izi ziri ndi nthano.

Ndipotu, pamene chinachake oletsedwa njira ya mtsinje wa gusset popangidwa ndi chisonyezo cha formations dziko lapansi. Volga sakanachitira mwina ngati ife tiyeni madzi mozungulira zimakulepheretsani. Ndipo kotero inakhalapo ndi lodziwika bwino ndi chongoyerekeza unakhota la mtsinje.

Polimbikitsa chitunda kalekale chidwi asayansi ambiri. Wapadera zoona, malo. Akuoneka wankhanza kwambiri, mtundu umenewu wa kumupatsa phompho otsetsereka kwambiri. Ndipo mmodzi wa malo otsetsereka ndi nkhalango zowirira, ndi pamwamba wa paini chitunda relict. kukongola onse malo Ichi sichitheka kusonyeza mawu. Pa amphamvu chitunda angapezeke zomera zosapezekapezeka ndithu: Saga pedo, woyera-tailed mphungu, gulugufe swallowtail ndi Apollo.

Kuchokera pamwamba pa chitunda ali ndi maganizo wokongola wa posungira, mapiri ndi Gulf wa Usinsk. Ngakhale pamaso osefukira imene inali kuwoloka kuchokera Barrow Island Kalmyk, ndipo pambuyo pake, ku khundu gombe la mtsinje - limodzi nkhani matabwa Stavropol. Koma pambuyo osefukira madera, kumene, madzi ananyamuka ndi pafupifupi makumi atatu mamita, ndi mmunsi mwa mtsinje wakhala osaya Ife Usinsk Bay.

Polimbikitsa Barrow chotchuka kwambiri mwa alendo. Ndipo pa Bay kaŵirikaŵiri ikuchitika zochita chilengedwe, zochitika za masewero, mitundu yonse ya misonkhano. Barrow zili m'gulu la National Park ulendo ulendo.

Kamtsikana phiri

Kamtsikana Phiri ili pafupi ndi chitunda amphamvu. Limatchedwanso Mlongo wamng'ono. Pambuyo madzi anasefukira Kuibyshev mosungiramo mbisoweka pansi madzi ake koposa theka pa phiri. Kamtsikana phiri waphimbika mu nthano, nawonso, monga ena Samarskaya Luka.

Phiri ngamila

Izi phiri chodabwitsa ili pafupi Cross Glade (m'mudzi Shiryaevo). Dzina zake, iye analandira chifukwa cha nsonga chodabwitsa, womwe uli ngati utapachikika mtsinje ndi kwenikweni zikuwoneka ngati nyama. Kuchokera pamwamba pa phiri ndi view wokongola wa madera ozungulira ndi mtsinje wa Volga, Tsarev chitunda ndi Zhiguli Chipata. Tsarev chitunda anali kamodzi limodzi ndi mapiri.

Koma Zhiguli Chipata ndi m'chigwa cha Nkhandwe ndi bottleneck kuno kwa mtsinje wamphamvu.

Matumbo a phiri la ngamila lodzala ndi zopezera ngalandezi iwo kuziziritsa m'chilimwe otentha. Pali ngakhale anasunga njanji, amene anali pa chiyambi cha trolleys ya atumwi. Panopa, zomera unakhala malo palokha mzinda waukulu wa mileme pa maiko onse Volga.

Near mudzi phiri ili Shiryaevo. Kumene ntchito Repin. Phiri ngamila yaitali ndisakhale yekha alendo, komanso okwera, amene okonzeka ndi kukwera khoma izo.

Zhiguli Mountains itha pa mudzi wa Podgora, osatembenukira ku yachonde a. Iwo umaposa pa mtsinje za meters makumi anai. pamwamba yake incised gullies, zigwembe, interspersed ndi miyala ndi nkhalango.

Rock Visly mwala

Rock - kukopa china cha kwanuko. Amakhala ndi anajambulapo miyala. Ndipo malo otsetsereka ake kukula limes, mitengo, maples, ndi violets, maluwa a m'chigwa, bobovnik. Pamwamba pa thanthwe ndi ofanana ndi malo ochepa. Limatithandiza zodabwitsa za Nyoka m'derali, Shelehmetskie mapiri.

njoka khwawa

M'tsinde mwenimweni mwa phiri limeneli pali nyanja Vislokamenka (Nyoka). Ngakhale zili zolondola kuzitcha izo Bay (pambuyo madamu kugwa). Anthu amanena kuti nyanja nalo dzina lake chifukwa njoka nthawi zonse pakhala ambiri. Ndipo mpaka pano, malo awa ndi ambiri sali njoka mu Samara Bend. Musaganize kuti pali lokhala basi ndi iwo. Nthawi zambiri anapezeka njoka ndi njoka, koma njoka n'zochepa.

Mu malo awa, anthu woyera-tailed mphungu, amene kutchulidwa Red Book. Zimapezeka m'mayiko pafupi khwawa ndi nguluwe, mphalapala, miimba. Apa chimakhala chogwidwa ndi steppes miyala ndi meadows, coniferous ndi nkhalango deciduous. Zonsezi pamodzi amalenga machesi wangwiro ndi yosatheka kuneneka kukongola, amene amakopa alendo ambiri.

Mayiko a Samara Luka si Samarskaya Luka National Park, komanso Zhigulevsky dziko malo iwo. I. I. Saprygina, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa mabuku akale ku Russia.

m'mphepete Birds

mbalame zambiri Samara Bend ali m'gulu pangozi. Ambiri, pali mitundu oposa mazana awiri a mbalame. Mwatsoka, pa zana zotsiriza utachepa zosiyanasiyana mitundu. Ndi zinatha monga dokowe wakuda. Zimenezi amagwirizana kwenikweni ndi chikoka cha munthu. Ndipotu, apa ife ankamanga misewu, yotengedwa mafuta, kumangidwa ndi mtsinje wa Volga. Zonsezi kumlingo bwanji chikhalidwe.

Ambiri mwa mitundu ya mbalame zamoyo pa Samara Bend, chisa kuno nthawi zonse kapena moyo wongokhala. Koma pali mitundu ina zakuwuluka m'dera pa kusamuka.

Chochititsa chidwi capercaillie, wakuda grouse ndi grouse. Kamodzi iwo anakhala pano kwambiri. Tsopano chirichonse chasintha. Koma, Mosiyana, woyera tailed mphungu wakhala wokhala anakakhala malo awa.

Kuphatikiza chigumula zomveka phiri malo amalenga malo apadera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana zinyama, ambiri mitundu ya mileme, anatenga sanakonde kwa zomera m'deralo. Kwa wina mukusautsika mileme m'nyengo yozizira, m'makomo kuphanga watsekedwa ndi mipiringidzo.

m'malo epilogue ndi

Samarskaya Luka - ochepa chabe zachilengedwe. Utumiki wa Natural Resources ndi zolinga zobisika pa nthawi analenga malo osungirako. malo ndi wapadera ndiponso zikuchokera nyama ndi zomera. Si kale pamaziko a Zhigulevsky nkhokwe malo biosphere ankagwidwa. Cholinga chawo chinali kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha mayiko wa Volga ndi Zhiguli mitunda. nkhokwe kwambiri m'dziko ili pa dera la Samara Bend. Ichi ndi chifukwa makamaka chakuti mayiko amenewa sali kwambiri ndi kukopa anthu. Choncho, pali mwayi mwanjira kusunga zonse kuti pali pa mphindi. Pa gawo la Biosphere Reserve ali topezeka wapadera kwambiri: .. Plateau Samara Luka, mwala steppe, nkhalango wosanganiza, etc. Utumiki wa Natural Resources anyamule kunja miyeso kuteteza zachilengedwe, oyesa kuteteza zimakhudza anthu pa chikhalidwe. Popeza kuti si zochita zonse anthu zabwino za iye.

National Park "Samarskaya Luka" - ndi malo apadera, zokhudza kukongola kwake. Pitani ndi kusangalala dziko zodabwitsa za chilengedwe.