Coalition - ndi chiyani ichi? Tanthauzo la Mgwirizano wa limati, maphwando kapena makampani

Pamene kanthu amatenga kucheza aliyense zaufulu za mabungwe ngakhalenso anthu - tingathe kulankhula za mgwirizano wa. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa njira ambiri kugonjetsa mdani wamphamvu kapena mgwirizano wina. Zingagwirizanitse mphamvu zonse ndi mabungwe, koma m'mbiri ya wotchuka kwambiri, ndithudi, asilikali ndale mapangano, ndi zochepa zapitazi (by mfundo mbiri) nthawi - zachuma. Kwenikweni, ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

ndi Mgwirizano Kodi m'mbiri?

Mgwirizano wa mabungwe choyamba anatuluka kalelo. Mwina, pamene magulu angapo a alenje ku malo osiyana agwirizana pamodzi kusaka nyama zikuluzikulu. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mabungwe osiyanasiyana zimachitika nthawi zonse, ndipo nthaŵi zina chifukwa zochita zawo kuti ankasinthana zakuthwa mbiri. Mwachitsanzo, yokha United ndondomeko Agiriki akhoza kuwina boma Persidkoe - ufumu waukulu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri pa nthawiyo.

Komabe nthawi zina nawo mgwirizano wa zatenganso mbali negative. A. Hitler kuika kwambiri khama pachiyambi kuti mgwirizano ndi Mussolini, kenako kutsimikizira wopondereza Italy kupita kunkhondo. Koma kwenikweni, asilikali Italy anali thandizo M'malo mwake, asilikali a ku Germany anatenga gawo mu ntchito mu zisudzo watsopano, amene sanali poyamba amayenera kutumiza iwo. Komanso, ndi anagwirizana ngongole Japan yotentha ndi Adolf Hitler kulengeza nkhondo pa US.

Mwapafupi akhala mbiri ya Mgwirizano wa?

Mu mbiri pali zambiri kapena zochepa pafupi mgwirizano. Izi zikutanthauza, poyamba pa zonse, mmene bwino mgwirizano zochita za anthu ake. Mwachitsanzo, mu chimango cha wotereyo mgwirizano monga NATO ogwirizana zonse agwirire ntchito pamodzi. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, gulu la ntchito za North Atlantic Council, Committee Planning Kumenyana ndi Mlembi General, amene, ndithudi, si mkulu wa anagwirizana mphamvu, koma ali ndi nzeru waukulu mu gulu la ntchito olowa.

Komano, mbiri amadziwa zitsanzo zambiri za mgwirizano zochepa. Pa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri 'nkhondo, France ndi Prussia anali mmodzi wa coalitions awiri lotsutsa, koma zisonyeza mwina yekha kuti iwo sanali kumenyana ndi mzake ndi adani awo anali ogwirizana Mgwirizano wa. Kupanda kutero, musati ntchito zochita zawo, ndipo ngakhale kumenyana makamaka m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko: Prussia kusonyeza kuukira ochokera mbali zosiyanasiyana ku Ulaya, France pa nkhondo imeneyi amadziwika kanthu waukulu makamu a mizimu British (zambiri zinalephereka) m'midzi ndi pa nyanja.

wolingana mgwirizano

Zambiri wotchuka kwambiri mu mbiri ya coalitions wa limati amaphatikiza mamembala kwambiri kapena zochepa ofanana. Chitsanzo ndi odana Napoleonic Mgwirizano, amene anamaliza ndi anakomoka mmodzi pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX. Chifukwa Kuyanjana pakathi pa mamembala awo, Mgwirizano mwachangu ndiponso mofunitsitsa, koma mofulumira unatha pambuyo kugonjetsedwa ndi mzake, monga panalibe malo amphamvu, chomwe chingathe kuthandiza kugwederagwedera mu vuto lawo, kapena ngakhale akukakamiza kuti apitirize.

Komanso, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa limodzi yofunika kumenyedwa chifukwa cha Napoleon, ndi mgwirizano sangathe kwathunthu kusangalala ndi zipatso za kupambana: pa za Congress wa Vienna mutu wa French mayiko, Charles Maurice de A Talleyrand-Perigord anakwanitsa kubzala kukhulupirirana pakati ogwirizana, chifukwa cha ichi, France anatha kupewa zoipa kwambiri wa kuopseza ake zotsatira za imfa yawo.

wosiyana mgwirizano

Koma imathamanga mu mbiri ya nthawi imene mtsogoleri kutchulidwa kuwauza wawo onse a Mgwirizano wa. Ndi, mwachitsanzo, League Delian. ndondomeko chitaganya kulipira Athens anasiyira lililonse mlandu, ndi Athens kale zoyenera pa ndalama, poyamba pa zonse, zombo, chilengedwe cha zomwe Mgwirizano wa ankafunitsitsa, komanso pamtunda asilikali. Asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira izi mgwirizano chinachake pafupifupi pakati pa mgwirizano ndi ulamuliro wa ufumu wa ku Atene.

Kudzera m'gulu Union mphamvu wakhala anachita monga gulu limodzi. The downside anali ndi ulamuliro ku Atene mu mgwirizano. Nthawi imodzi kapena mfundo ina kuyesa kuchotsa izo - zotsatira ndi ku Atene asilikali Maulendo ndi chilango Chaukali osaweruzika.

Kusintha kwa mgwirizano mu boma limodzi

Choncho, zikuonekeratu kuti mbiri ali mapangano pafupi ndi mabungwe ndi mtsogoleri kulitchula. Tikaganizira zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa kuti pali nthawi zina pamene Mgwirizano wa limati inasanduka boma limodzi, mamembala ake anataya ufulu wawo.

Rome pa chiyambi cha atagonjetsa anatsogolera mgwirizano otero ndondomeko Italy (monga League Delian). Nthawi zina, ena mwa mamembala anasiya mgwirizano, monga izo zinali pa II Punic nkhondo, pamene ambiri kale ogwirizana Roma anathandiza Hannibal. Koma chitsiriziro Mgwirizano anakhala pafupi kuti pa otchedwa nkhondo Social anali adani inalamula Mgwirizano kukhala boma limodzi: akuyembekezera ulamuliro weniweni ndondomeko awo salinso akhalipo, ndi chilengedwe cha boma limodzi anafunikira kuwapatsa ufulu wa nzika ya Roma anali kwambiri wamkulu ufulu wa nzika mu ndondomeko ya Union.

Coalition za ndale

Ndi nthawi kumbukirani izi chiyambi cha tanthauzo nkhani. Mgwirizano wa mabungwe - mgwirizano wa limati osati kokha, komanso magulu onse ndi mabungwe. Mu moyo ndale za ambiri democracies ano Mgwirizano maphwando akhala yachibadwa zandale.

chipani akhoza kulimbana kwa mphamvu ndi kale mu mgwirizano, kupita ku chisankho monga gulu limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, kukhalapo kwa Union of Mphamvu Kumanja anayamba monga bloc chisanadze chisankho chomwe pambuyo yekha anali lidzasinthidwa phwando. Komano gulu akhoza kupanga Mgwirizano pambuyo chisankho kuti boma ambiri, amene nthawi zina migwirizano mosayembekezereka. Mwachitsanzo, kumayambiriro 2015 ku Greece, ndi chiwerengero chapamwamba mavoti chipani "SYRIZA" pokhala mwamtheradi ndipo anasiya ndondomeko, ndi apamwamba chisankho, ali teamed ndi pakati-bwino chipani "Agiriki Independent" omwe analola mtsogoleri wa "Syriza" kupanga boma.

ndi Mgwirizano wa bizinesi

Mpikisano ndi kukakamiza makampani, onse mafakitale ndi malonda ndipo chuma, kulenga Mgwirizano osiyana. Amadziwika kwa ife cartels sukulu, syndicates ndi kukhulupirira. Osada kamodzinso kufotokoza kusiyana pakati pa iwo. Wokwanira kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya coalitions pakati makampani akuluakulu mbali yofunika kwambiri mu amasiku ano padziko lonse.

Zitsanzo za coalitions bwino makampani osiyanasiyana ambiri. Kungotchulapo wina. Mu 1892, ndi mgwirizano wa makampani "Edison Zamagetsi kuunika" "Thomson-Houston Zamagetsi" wafunsira "General Zamagetsi» (General Zamagetsi), lomwe masiku ano ndi imodzi mwa makampani aakulu kwambiri popanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana pafupifupi maiko onse a dziko lapansi.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa coalitions

Pali waperekedwa yekha sewero zachiphamaso za mliriwu mu mbiri ya dziko lapansi monga Mgwirizano wa. Ndichiyani ndi cholinga chake mu mbiri - mutu oyenerera monograph osiyana. Koma ndi kale momveka bwino kuti Mgwirizano akhoza kuimba onse udindo zabwino ndi zoipa kwa munthu amene amabwera kumeneko. Zikhoza kubweretsa chigonjetso, kapena, Tikawonetsetsa kupanga osati kuthetsa mavuto awo, komanso mavuto a m'mayikowo ake. Zikhoza kukuthandizani kulimbana ndi mdani wamphamvu, ndipo akhoza kumana ulamuliro wa.