The alveolar ndondomeko ya pachibwano

Gawo la nsagwada, kumene mano anayikidwa, wotchedwa alveolar. Iwo amakhala ndi mafupa (ndi cancellous ake yaying'ono). Iwo ndiwo akasupe imene ochokera majeremusi dzino. Popeza kukula pa nthawi. Mpatuko ndi fupa padziko mano kuti ali thandizo zina. malowa amatchedwa alveolar fupa la pachibwano.

Ngati tikulingalira chigawo cha zigawo za chilichonse dzino lune akhoza kuwasiyanitsa, imene ili ndi fupa mapangidwe mozungulira ndi nembanemba mucous. M'zotengera loyenereradi okwanira, mitsempha ndi minofu connective mitolo ya ulusi.

alveolitis

ndi dzenje kwa kuika dzino chiyani? pabowo ili mu nsagwada fupa, ndipamene kubadwa. Kusiyana mano pa m'munsi ndi chapamwamba nsagwada pafupifupi negligible. The zambiri iwo amasiyana cholinga: incisors, canines, molars. magulu osiyanasiyana ndazindikira wosiyana katundu pa kutafuna.

Front alveolar wowonda, ndipo mumbali (malo kutafuna), iwo ali thicker ndi mphamvu. Mano dzenje amasiyana mawonekedwe. Iwo akhoza kukhala kakasi ili pang'ono chozama kupitirira jumper lateral. Chigawo amenewa ndi chifukwa chosiyana dongosolo la mizu ya mano. Ena adzasungidwe mu mbiya aliyense ndipo akhoza nawo awiri kapena atatu.

Alveolus ndendende replicates kukula ndi mawonekedwe a dzino. M'malo mwake, iye ali mu ilo limakula, umachuluka kukula, kusintha malangizo a ngalande mizu. Bone alveolar njira yozungulira lililonse dzino kuti anakonza pansi, kukula mu kayendedwe chomwecho. Ngati sizikugwirizana snugly, ndiye posachedwa kwambiri incisors ndi molars, kuona katundu wamkulu amayamba kusunthika ndi kugwa.

ndondomeko alveolar

Mwachibadwa, malo amenewa imafooketsa mano kukhala munthu aliyense mu ndondomeko ya kukula. Komabe, matenda ena chibadwa, alveolar fupa kukula.

Umodzi amenewa ndi kudwala, limene majeremusi dzino sumangoyambika konse mu njira ya chitukuko embryonic. zoterezi n'zochepa. Mwachibadwa, mano musati kukula nthawi yomweyo. Iwo woterewu, ndi gawo la fupa yomwe pansi bwinobwino zinthu wakhala nsanja njira alveolar. Ndipotu lolumikiza mabungwe awa mu njira yachibadwa saatha. Chibwano ndi ndondomeko kwenikweni zinaphatikizidwa.

Kuchokera pamenepa tinganene kuti ndondomeko ya mapangidwe awo chikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi kukhalapo kwa mano. Komanso, pamene mpukutu kapena kuchotsa, fupa m'dera lino pang'onopang'ono kutaya katundu. Kumafeŵetsa, kukhala thupi gelatinous, izo amachepetsa mphamvu ya mawu, kufika m'mbali mwa nsagwada fupa.

Features

Alveolar fupa la nsagwada chapamwamba limapangidwa chamkati (lingual) ndi wakunja (labial kapena buccal) khoma. Pakati pa iwo ndi chofewa ngati siponji mankhwala, zikuchokera ndi katundu pafupi fupa. Chibwano amasiyana. Kuchokera pamwamba iwo anapanga kuchokera amachepetsa awiri zinaphatikizidwa. Jumper a minofu connective ndi pakati.

The terminology akhoza kupezeka mawu akuti "alveolar gawo." Pankhaniyi, zikutanthauza ndondomeko mandible lapansi. Bone si wophatikizidwa, kugwirizana alibe pakati. Koma ena kuposa kapangidwe ka njira sizikusiyana kwambiri. Pansipa komanso secrete lingual, labial ndi buccal khoma.

Mwachitsanzo chakuti alveolar fupa la nsagwada m'munsi si atengeke fractures. Pa dzanja limodzi ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri mano chapamwamba kuphimba m'munsi ndi kaye katundu zoopsa. Pa zina - mpanda wa zokhudzana kutsogolo pamwamba pang'ono ndi n'kakang'ono. Komanso, wandiweyani yaying'ono nsalu zakuthupi pamalo pano yaitali chinamulowerera pores zotengera ndi mapeto mitsempha. Chifukwa zochepa wandiweyani ndi cholimba.

Mavuto: Matendawa

Mano moyo munthu chikusintha. Sikuti kukhala ang'onoang'ono, makamaka kumawonjezera sayenda awo. Bone minofu owazungulira ziwole pang'onopang'ono (resorption). Kuti atengeke gawo ili la katunduyo. Pamene fractures kudziwa mlingo wa kuwonongeka alveolar palpate popanda mankhwala oletsa ululu nthawi zambiri sizingatheke. malo awa kwambiri atagonjetsa ndi tinjira molekezera mitsempha, kotero chopweteka.

malemba, ndi matumba a kudzitsitsa zaka (chionongeko), kusintha sclerotic (m'malo fupa connective) ndipo amasonyeza X osteomyelitis anapezeka mu zolosera osiyana. Nthawi zina (chotupa) tisonyezeni Kujambula maphunziro nkusani ntchito mosiyana sing'anga. Comprehensively matenda bwino anafotokoza mavuto kukula ndi chitukuko cha nsagwada ndi njira zawo.

kukhwinyata

Zokhudzana la nsagwada - ndi mapangidwe fupa kuthandiza mano zitsime. Ngati iwo adzagwa, panafunika njira ya anazimiririka. Kuthandizira china, chofewa ngati siponji mankhwala, popanda poganiza nkhawa, kuwonongedwa. Pamene anodontia (majini matenda alibe zoyamba za mano chibadwire) njira alveolar sindikufuna kukhala, ngakhale m'kamwa mwa anapanga.

njira Atrophic zichitike makhalidwe payekha. Mu ena kutalika amachepetsa mofulumira, ena pang'onopang'ono. Manja la fupa alveolar mu maxilla amatsogolera pafupifupi lathyathyathya kumwamba. Pansi, izi zimathandiza munthu noticeable oumbidwa chibwano. Nsagwada atsekedwa osatinso prosthesis tikhale ndi khalidwe "lakale" tione.

Manja bwino zimayamba ndi kutupa. Kuopsa kwambiri ndi periodontitis, kufooka kwa mafupa, osteomyelitis. cavities khomo lachiberekero komanso zimayambitsa alibe wa matishu. Zingachititse manja ndi matenda periodontal. Ngakhale kuphweka mwina matenda, pakalibe ayankhe kusokonezedwa trophism wa mucosa ndi njira kuoneka matumba interdental amakhala anabala dzino khosi, iyo imayambira kukhala lotayirira ndi kugwa kunja.

Mphanga alveolar fupa

kudwala limeneli limapezeka pa siteji ya chitukuko embryonic. Pa zaka pafupifupi miyezi iwiri pambuyo lingaliro anapanga fupa a Chigaza lapansi. Mwa kubadwa iwo atsekedwa ndi mwamphamvu pafupi wina ndi mnzake. Pa kutsogolo padziko pachibwano ndi recess yaing'ono (canine fossa).

The confluence zinthu zosiyana (chibadwa, mankhwala kukhudzana, mankhwala mowa, kusuta pa mimba) zingachititse imeneyi thambo wophatikizidwa mafupa sali olumikizidwa ndipo musati coalesce, anapanga mphanga (abadwe). Iwo akhoza pamalo m'kamwa zofewa kapena zovuta, mafupa chibwano, kuwonjezera pa milomo (mphanga mlomo). Kusiyanitsa nonunion wathunthu kapena tsankho lateral kapena medial.

The ndondomeko alveolar wa maxilla ndi mphanga zambiri ndi kupitiriza ununited chapamwamba m'kamwa fupa. Payokha, kudwala uyu ali osowa. Pa nsagwada m'munsi ndi mphanga ake alveolar pafupifupi zimachokeradi.

wovulala

Vutoli nsagwada zambiri malekezero kugonja dzino. zifukwa zingakhale makina choipa, zinalephereka dontho, kukhomerera kapena chinthu chachikulu. gawo ngati malo kukhudzana akuluakulu dzino limodzi, alveolar fupa wovulala zotheka. Mng'alu zambiri ali ndi arcuate mawonekedwe.

Kuonetsetsa zonse, tsankho ndi comminuted wovulala. Kuti localize akhoza kudwala mizu ya mano, kugwa pa khosi lawo kapena anaika pamwamba dera njira alveolar - la nsagwada za. Mapa zachilengedwe coalescence Bone zovuta ndipo amapatsidwa malingana ndi kuopsa kwa chikhalidwe ndi kutanthauzira. Zinyalala ndi kuvulala m'dera la mizu samasankha kupulumuka.

Kuwonjezera ululu ndi kutupa kwa zinkakhala m'dera zizindikiro zake zingakhale: malocclusion, mawu molakwika, amavutika kutafuna. Ngati pali pachilonda, ndipo magazi ali ndi dongosolo thovu, amaganiza, ndi kugawikana mpanda wa m'njira za m'mphuno maxillary.

Pulasitiki alveolar fupa

Angalekanitse limati chilango nsagwada pathologies chibadidwe chikhalidwe, pulasitiki pa fractures ndi kukula fupa apulasitiki. Pakalibe dzino kwa nthawi yaitali kumayambitsa manja la fupa minofu malo. wochindikala kungakhale osakwanira pamene khazikitsa mindandanda yamasewera kwa ogwiritsa ndi mayikidwe a dzino. Pamene zasverlivaniya zotheka perforation m'chigawo cha m'njira za m'mphuno maxillary. Popewa izi, gwirani mapulasitiki. The ndondomeko alveolar angathe ndi kupanga woluza padziko nsagwada fupa, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kudula ake ndi kudzazidwa biomaterial.

Kupeza zidutswa mu fractures nthaŵi zambiri mothandizidwa ndi mano ndi chobvalidwa pa matayala ndi tatifupi waya. Mwina ntchito fixation kudzera-mabowo fupa kudzera ligatures hexanoic. Mizere mapulasitiki mu chilangizo zopindika chitukuko embryonic ndi kutseka kutsegula kayendedwe ka minofu ozungulira udindo anakhumba ndi ntchito amadzala. ntchito ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga kuti mwana akhoza kupanga zida kulankhula.