The kusewera "Ukwati wa Figaro" ndi Beaumarchais ndi bwino

Mmodzi wa masewero otchuka mu sewero dziko "Wopenga Tsiku kapena Ukwati wa Figaro," lolembedwa ndi Pierre Beaumarchais. Analembedwa zaka zoposa ziwiri zapitazo, komabe sanataye kutchuka kwake ndipo odziwika padziko lonse.

Tiyeni tiphunzire pang'ono za wolemba ndi sewero lake, lomwe limasonyeza osati masewera komanso anajambula.

Beaumarchais - wotchuka Wolemba wina

Per Bomarshe anabadwa January 24, 1732. Malo amene Wolemba wina wotchuka - Paris. Bambo ake anali mawotchi, ndipo anatenga dzina la Karon, koma patapita m'malo ndi Pierre pa lolemera kwambiri.

Ana aang'ono Beaumarchais anaganiza kumvetsa ntchito ya bambo ake. Komabe, kwambiri chidwi kuphunzira nyimbo. Chifukwa ichi, iye ankalowa anthu mkulu. Choncho Pierre chapeza kwambiri limasonyeza zothandiza.

Maganizo ake ndi cholinga Beaumarchais zinamupatsa osati kulenga nangula escapement, ndi limodzi mwa magulu zatsopano penyani, komanso kulowa mu Royal Society of London, kupeza mutu wa academician ndi kukhala mawotchi achifumu. Ndipo zonsezi, iye mpaka kufika zaka 23.

sewero lake koyamba analemba 1767 anaitcha "Eugenie".

Chikudziwika ngati sewero lanthabwala tingachipeze powerenga "The Barber wa Seville" linalembedwa ndi iye mu 1773, anaika mu 1775, ndipo anali amene adadza naye bwino kuposa kale lonse, ngakhale sakhala pomwepo. Zinali iye anaganiza kupitiriza nkhani ya mtumiki ochenjera ndi agile ndipo analemba kusewera "Ukwati wa Figaro" ndi "Mayi chigawenga".

Beaumarchais anakwatiwa katatu, ndipo aliyense wa akazi ake m'mbuyomu wakhala wamasiye wolemera. Izi anabweretsa Wolemba wina mwayi ndithu.

Anafa Per Bomarshe mu 1799, May 18, mu kwawo ku Paris.

The trilogy wa Zopatsa wa Figaro

Ntchito wotchuka amaonedwa m'gulu Beaumarchais mu trilogy wake za Figaro.

The sewero loyamba linalembedwa mu 1773. The sewero lanthabwala ankatchedwa "The Barber wa Seville." Chinali pachiyambi opera, koma pambuyo kulephera kwa kuyamba kwa wolemba analemba mu masiku awiri, lisanduke kusewera yachibadwa. Mu Buku loyamba la Figaro amathandiza Werengerani Almaviva kukwatira kukongola Rosina.

Patapita zaka zisanu, pakubwera sewero lachiwiri ndi Beaumarchais, mmodzi wa kanjedza chapakati amene kudakali Figaro chomwecho. Ntchito imeneyi limafotokoza nkhani ya ukwati wa Figaro pa mdzakazi wa wotchuka Almaviva, Susanna.

The kusewera otsiriza "Mayi chigawenga" linasindikizidwa mu 1792. Ngati awiri masewero m'mbuyomu anali comedies, ndi sewero, kumene ankaganizira ndi makhalidwe abwino a m'nkhaniyi, osati lochitira chikhalidwe. Figaro adzakhala ndi kupulumutsa banja la Chiwerengero. Kuti tichite zimenezi, ayenera poyera kuchimwa Bezharsa amene akufuna kuononga osati ukwati wa Lililonse ndi wotchuka, koma tsogolo la Leon ndi Florestiny.

The sewero lachiwiri ndi za Zopatsa wa Figaro - chipambane Wolemba wina

The kusewera wotchuka ndi Beaumarchais - "Wopenga Tsiku kapena Ukwati wa Figaro." Amadziwika kuti linalembedwa mu 1779. Poyamba kanthu ake chikuchitika mu France, koma ngati kufufuza sanaphonye izo, powonekera anasamukira ku Spain.

Angapo akhala akudzudzula ndi play, chifukwa poyera za Zopatsa wa otchuka ndi anthu wamba ndi anzeru kuposa mbuye wake. Zinali zovuta kwambiri kuti anthu a nthawi imeneyo. Zimenezi ngati si zonse. Ndipotu, pa nthawi imeneyo zinali zosayenela.

Beaumarchais kuwerenga ntchito yake salons, zimene namkokera tcheru. Zinali kenako kuika sewero. Koma lingaliro limeneli akhoza anazindikira patapita zaka zisanu: Louis XVI sanali subtext wa sewerolo, ndi kusakhutira ambiri anakakamizika mfumu kulola kupanga.

Ndale za sewerolo

Mu malo yaing'ono Spain kudzifutukula zochita za kusewera ndi Beaumarchais 'The Ukwati wa Figaro. " Chidule ntchito motere.

Figaro ati akwatiwe ndi wotchuka Almaviva mdzakazi Susanna. Koma iye amakonda ndi kuwerenga, amene si mantha osati kuti iye mbuye wake, komanso ufulu kupempha usiku woyamba - akale ang'onoang'ono mwambo. Ngati iye sakhulupirira mbuye wake, iye akhoza kumana malowolo ake. Mwachibadwa, Figaro ati kusokoneza kuti.

Komanso, Bartolo, amene pa nthawi ina anali mkwatibwi wa Figaro, akamayamba dongosolo tathema kubwezera Wonyoza ake. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anafunsa wantchito Marcelino kufunika kwa Figaro ngongole. Akapanda kubweza ndalamazo, ndinu akuyenera kumsemba. Koma kwenikweni, Marcellin anali kukwatira Bartolo, ndi amene amauza mwana wamba, anali kwathu monga mwana.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, wotchuka, n'kulemba anasiya, kucheza ndi mafani awo - tsamba Cherubino. Ndiye Figaro wasankha kusewera ndi chifukwa nsanje Chiwerengero, kuyanjanitsa ndi wotchuka, ndipo pa yomweyo wodzipangitsa kusiya Susannah.

The zilembo zazikulu za sewerolo

Mndandanda wa zisudzo wa kusewera ndi Beaumarchais 'The Ukwati wa Figaro "si chachikulu chotere. Chionekera kwa izo ochepa akutchulidwa kwambiri m'nkhaniyi:

• Figaro - mtumiki ndi mdindo wa Werengerani Almaviva, Susanna ndi mkwati, monga likukhalira kenako, mwana wa Marcelina ndi Bartolo.
• Suzanne - mdzakazi wa wotchuka, mkwatibwi wa Figaro.
• Wotchuka Almaviva - mkazi wa Chiwerengero Almaviva, godmother Cherubino.
• Werengerani Almaviva - mwamuna wa wotchuka, Playboy ndi wachimasomaso. Mwachinsinsi mu chikondi ndi Suzanne.
• Cherubino - tsamba chizengerezo; godson ndi wotchuka ndi mwachinsinsi m'chikondi.

Awa ndi zilembo zazikulu za play, kuwonjezera, ntchito ndithu mu izo ankaimba ndi zilembo izi:

• Marceline - wantchito Bartolo, tsopano ofanana naye mwana. Mu chikondi ndi Figaro, yomwe kwenikweni likukhalira kuti akhale wace.
• Bartolo - dokotala, wakhala mdani wa Figaro, atate wake.

Ndithudi, izi si mndandanda wa makhalidwe athu kuti zimakhudzidwa chiphunzitso cha. Pali ena, monga nyakulima Antonio, ndi mwana wake Fansheta, koma anasewera mbali pang'ono chabe, ndipo chotenga mbali mu sewero ndi kukhazikitsa chinthu makamaka si nthawi zonse chinsinsi.

kupeza mmwamba

The staging loyamba la sewerolo "Ukwati wa Figaro" zinachitika mwamsanga 1783 mu chuma cha Chiwerengero Fransua De Vaudreuil. Chaka chotsatira, pa April 24, woyamba ulaliki ofunda anapatsidwa, zimene zinabweretsa Beaumarchais bwino osati kokha, komanso kutchuka lonse. The kuyamba zinachitika mu zisudzo "Comédie Française". Patapita nthawi, sewerolo analetsedwa ndipo iye kachiwiri adaona kuwala okha kumapeto kwa zaka za zana XVIII.

Mu Russian Ufumu, sewerolo linayamba kuonetsedwa patapita zaka ziwiri. Iye anaika Petersburg French kampani. Ndiye lemba ntchito latembenuzidwira Russian, ndipo iye mobwerezabwereza anaika owonetsera. Iye sanataye kutchuka kwake sewerolo ndipo pambuyo zisinthe. Iye anali mmodzi wa oyamba kuika mu USSR. Nthawi zambiri ndi kuika mu wotchuka Russian Lenkom. Lero, mmodzi wa chuma yabwino ya sewerolo Tingaone kumeneko.

Mozart ndi "Wopenga Tsiku kapena Ukwati wa Figaro"

Amadziwika kuti Beaumarchais kusewera wapanga ndi maganizo kukoma pa Mozart. Wolemba anaganiza kulemba sewero la "The Ukwati wa Figaro" lagona pa ntchito za Wolemba wina wotchuka.

Polemba kuti wolemba inayamba mu 1785, mu December. Patapita miyezi ingapo zimenezi zinali kuchitika, ndipo May 1, 1786 kuyamba wa opera. Mwatsoka, izo sanalandire bwino ngati ndi kuzindikira, monga Mozart ankayembekezera. "Ukwati wa Figaro" wakhala wotchuka mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka, zotsatirazi zisudzo ku Prague. The za zisudzo tichipeza zochita anayi. Kuchitila olembedwa ake ambiri omwe nawo zoimbira za zingwe, timpani. Komanso ntchito zitoliro awiri, mapaipi, nyanga, awiri oboe, clarinet ndi bassoon.

Pakuti Besi Continuo ntchito Cello ndi Harpsichord. Amadziwika kuti pa kuyamba kwa opera Mozart yekha imachitika oimba. Choncho, chifukwa Beaumarchais anabadwa sewero la "The Ukwati wa Figaro" ndi Mozart.

Mufilimuyi anatengera kwa kusewera ndi Beaumarchais

Woyamba filimu anatengera anali mu 1961. filimu linapangidwa mu France, malo Wolemba wina wa. Mwatsoka, ichi ndi chokhacho akunja filimu anatengera sewerolo. Onse a filimu anatengera a zoyesayesa apangidwa mu Russia.

Kwa nthawi yaitali mmodzi wa masewero otchuka kwambiri Soviet Union anali "Ukwati wa Figaro." Lenk anakhala zisudzo, kumene kunali kotheka kuona sewero ili ndi kusangalala masewera zisudzo. Ndi mawu amenewa, anaganiza kuti filimu mu 1974, zaka zisanu pambuyo bwanji woyamba pa bwalo lamasewera. anatengera Izi filimu wakhala anazindikira kuti imodzi yabwino, chifukwa mu mbali zisudzo amene ankaimba udindo waukulu.

Mu 2003, sewerolo inajambulidwa kachiwiri. Pa kafukufuku ake anayesetsa ichitikire ndi Russian ndi Ukraine TV ndipo analenga Khirisimasi nyimbo zochokera sewerolo. chophimba alibe bwino zimenezi, ngati filimu choyamba. Iye anakumbukira zonse monga zonse zosangalatsa bwanji.

Film 1974

Chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa sewerolo, anaganiza kulemba kwa TV. Kwa nthawi yoyamba filimu anaonetsa pa TV mu 1974, pa April 29. Mufilimuyi inkakhala ija awiri. Nthawi woyamba anali pafupifupi ola limodzi ndi theka, wachiwiri - pang'ono pokha.

Wotsogolera mafilimu anakhala Vladimir Khramov, mkulu wa kupenta - V. Vershinsky. Monga mu sewerolo, nyimbo Mozart akhala ntchito mu filimu. Chokulungira mobwerezabwereza asonyezedwa pa TV, icho chinali chimodzi cha ndiwotani. Mwatsoka, filimuyi sangosonyeza nthawi ndi kuwona izo zingakhalire pa DVD.

zisudzo

Koma zisudzo amene pogwiritsa ntchito mu filimu, wotchuka kwambiri ndi Andrei Mironov, amene anatumikira kwa zaka zambiri udindo wa Figaro. Pambuyo anakomoka pa mapeto a kusewera pa siteji mu 1987, ndipo posakhalitsa anafa, anapereka ntchito imeneyi. Nthawi iliyonse dzina lake anakumbukira kumapeto kwa sewerolo.

Graf anagwira TV dzina lake Aleksandr Shirvindt, mkazi wake - Vera Vasilyeva. Udindo wa anachita Nina Kornienko Suzanne ndi Marceline - Tatiana Pelttsler. Koma Cherubino, Baibulo TV ya masewero wake dzina lake Aleksandr Voevodin, osati Boris Galkin, monga kusewera pachiyambi.

nyimbo

Mu 2003, anaganiza kuchotsa nyimbo imeneyi mogwirizana ndi sewerolo. Kwa kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi anabwera kuchokera TV "Inter" ndi NTV. Iwo wakhala mwambo kale kuti aitanidwa nyenyezi kuwombera wa Chiyukireniya ndi Russian Pop. Olembedwa ndi kulangiza Umuna Gorov anakhala Wolemba - Vitaliy Okorokov.

Kujambula kanema "Ukwati wa Figaro" mu Crimea, ntchito ngati chokongoletsera waukulu Vorontsov Palace. Ndi chimbale filimu ndi nyimbo kuti zinali mawu a linatulutsidwa. Komanso, filimu yokha chinaperekedwa kwa anthu mu Cannes.

Anthu ambiri akhala akudzudzula kulemba nyimbo kuti mawu Lenkom anali bwino, koma - yokha wotumbululuka parody za izo.

Ngakhale izi, sakhoza kuona zambiri pa TV filimu "Ukwati wa Figaro." Nyimbo tsopano otchuka kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi - malo okongola ndi wokongola, melodic songs, ambiri amene anakhala kumenya pambuyo filimu.

Wosewera mu zoyimbira

Monga tanenera kale, udindo waukulu mu oimba nyimbo akatswiri tinaitanidwa nyenyezi zosiyanasiyana zoweta. Popeza kuti mu filimu kwambiri wa nyimbo, zingakhale zosayenera kuti kuyitanidwa zolinga zimenezi zisudzo mwachizolowezi. Komanso, sanali woyamba ntchito Chaka Chatsopano, "Inter", ndi nyimbo sanali woyamba kwa ojambula zithunzi zambiri.

Udindo wa Figaro anachita Boris Hvoshnyansky. Werengerani ndi wotchuka ankaimba ndi Philip Kirkorov ndi Lolita Milyavskaya. Udindo wa Susanna analangiza Anastasia Stotskaya.

Komanso, anatengera filimu nawo nyenyezi monga Boris Moiseyev, Sofia Rotaru, Ani Lorak ndi Andrey Danilko.

The zifukwa za kutchuka sewerolo

Chifukwa kutchuka kwa mankhwala ndi kuti ali mmodzi wa masewero bwino mu sewero dziko. Ngakhale za thupi classicism, lili ndi oonetsera nzeru. Motero, kusewera ndi Beaumarchais aukitsa vuto la mmene nthawi zina olemekezeka opusa ali otsika kunama ndiponso mmene Azidzazifuna. wolemba zikusonyeza kuti si nthawi zonse munthu wamba amene alibe analeredwa apamwamba, ndi opusa.

sewero ili ndi osangalatsa wokhutira, chinenero, nthabwala ndi zinthu zoseketsa.

Mwatsoka, kusewera Beaumarchais a sikuphatikizidwa mu mndandanda wa chofunika kuwerenga kuwerenga, ndi wokhutira amadziwika ochepa. Komanso, osati mayunivesite onse amaona kuti ntchito kuliphunzira. Kodi anthu okonda sewero kotero okonda buku mumamufunira zabwino.

Choncho, lero Beaumarchais kusewera "Wopenga Tsiku kapena Ukwati wa Figaro" sadziwa zonse, koma ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ali chabe nyimbo wokongola, analemba Gorov.

Pomaliza

The kusewera ndi Beaumarchais, amene adzapulumuke kuposa atumwi, komabe kuwerenga ndi anthu amene ali ndi chidwi zapamwamba, makamaka sewero. Iye sanali kamodzi kuvala gawo pa dziko lonse, ndi otchuka kwambiri Russia. Mu bukhu, ndi mafilimu ochepa anawomberedwa awiri amene kupanga zoweta. Mmodzi zochokera yopanga ed, chachiwiri - ndi nyimbo ija, omwe anakhala otchuka pakati pa achinyamata a lero.

Lero, "Wopenga Tsiku kapena Ukwati wa Figaro" - uchita kuti Tingaone osati pa TV komanso wotchuka Lenkom Theatre. Kumeneko kusonyeza umodzi wa chuma zabwino kusewera ndi Beaumarchais. Ntchito zomwezo odzipereka pokumbukira Andreya Mironova, amene anali munthu woyamba kuimba udindo wa Figaro kupanga izi. Iye anafa pafupifupi zisudzo popanda kusiya chifanizo cha ngwazi za.