The njira yaikulu ya kafukufuku - Auscultation za mtima

Pa mtima pali zosiyanasiyana zotsatira phokoso, amene anaphunzira ndi auscultation. Auscultation mtima limachititsa kuti Kuganizira njira kunachitika mtima pamene ikutha. Mu phunziro limeneli, muyenera n'kudziphatika kwa malamulo, kuchuluka kwa dzuwa ake:

- onetsetsani kuti tsatani mtima mu malo yopingasa ndi umodzi, nthawi zina kumanzere;

- mtima auscultation zikhoza kuchitika pa kupuma yachibadwa wodwala. Ngati ndi kotheka, kulongosola chiwerengero cha mfundo izo amamvetsera ndi mpweya kugwira ;

- pa kumva n'kofunika kukhala chete mu chipinda ayenera kukhala ofunda;

- mavavu zimamveka kuti a kucheperachepera pafupipafupi kugonjetsedwa awo.

Auscultation za mtima ikuchitika ndi njira ochiritsira kumvetsera ndi stethoscope kapena stethoscope. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida izi zimathandiza kufotokoza zotsatira phokoso m'madera osiyanasiyana a mtima, chimene chiri chofunika makamaka mogwirizana ndi kutumizgika okondedwa awo. Ena zikumveka pamene mtima ntchito bwino anamva pa auscultation wa khutu yokha.

Pakuti kuwunika moyenera zithunzi auscultation kudziwa malo ziyerekezo wa mavavu mtima, magawo a kumvetsera kwawo bwino. Amaonera phokoso kwaiye pa ntchito za mtima, zimadalira malo a ziyerekezo mavavu wa kunjenjemerako phokoso ndi nthenda yotaya magazi, malo a chifuwa a dipatimenti mtima imene kusinthasintha izi amatuluka. Izi zimathandiza kupeza zinthu zina chifuwa, kumene inu angamvetsere zotsatira bwino kulira. Zambiri za auscultation bwino za mtima amatchedwa mfundo auscultation.

Auscultation za mtima - mfundo lomvetsera

Mtima auscultation imagwiridwa mu ndondomeko, amene amatsatira ndi kuwunika olondola a deta analandira. Chifukwa chaichi, mfundo ya auscultation za mtima, ndiye malo a chifuwa, kumene bwino kumva anapanga mu dera la mtima.

Mfundo yoyamba. Choyamba auscultated vavu mitral. Auscultation ikuchitika mpaka poyamba, yemwe ali pachimake pa mtima.

Mfundo yachiwiri. Ndiyeno mvetserani ku ntchito ya vavu kung'ambika - lachiwiri intercostal danga kuti lamanja la sternum lapansi.

Mfundo yachitatu. M'mapapo mwanga auscultation vavu ikuchitika mu intercostal danga chachiwiri kumanzere kwa sternum lapansi.

Wachinayi mfundo. Kumvetsera ntchito ya vavu tricuspid amachitidwa pa m'munsi mwa ndondomeko sternum mecheobraznogo.

Ichi ndi zazikulu zinayi mfundo auscultation. Pali zina, amene ntchito poyenga deta ku chizindikiritso cha kusintha kulikonse.

Bwinobwino, mtima wa chiwembu ndi kumvetsera ndi awiri lalifupi, zonse alternating phokoso, wotchedwa malankhulidwe mtima.

Nyimboyi woyamba aumbike pa chidule cha ventricles ndi, ie, systole, choncho amatchedwa systolic. Iye ndi wautali ndipo m'munsi limapezeka atakhala chete yaitali, bwino auscultated pamwamba izo chikugwirizana ndi wolumikizira zimachitika.

Nyimboyi chachiwiri amatchedwa diastolic, monga zidzachitika mtima zosangalatsa - diastole. Auscultated diastolic kamvekedwe pambuyo yochepa aime kaye bwino anamva pamaziko a mtima, ndi lalifupi ndi mkulu phokoso.

kusintha Pathological mu mtima amatsogolera chakuti mtima zikumveka sasintha: kulimbitsa, kufooketsa, kugawanika pakati pali zina lachitatu ndi lachinayi mitundu. Mwachitsanzo, ndi kufooka yofunika kwambiri m'mnyewa wamtima contractile ntchito, mawu lachitatu, ntchito mtima wofanana ndi kayendedwe ka gallop, monga amatikumbutsa phokoso la mitundu ya akavalo.

Mtima auscultation akhoza kudziwa mtima kudandaula, amene anapanga pakati malankhulidwe a mtima pa systole kapena diastole. Mtima kudandaula anapatukana mu intracardiac ndi extracardiac ndi zinchito ndi organic. Iwo zofewa ndi zamwano, wofatsa ndi mokweza. Siimva zimamveka bwino pa mfundo auscultation za mtima.