The payipi yaikulu mpweya "Mphamvu ya Siberia": chiwembu

Russia ndi China akhala abwenzi pafupi m'munda wa zachuma ndi m'bwalo lonse. Pakati limati ali wofuna mgwirizano mu mawu a mgwirizano m'munda wa malonda. Kwa iwo monga mgwirizano mpweya okwanira mu China buluu mafuta mumzere "Mphamvu ya Siberia."

ndi mfundo chidwi kwambiri za ntchito imeneyi? ndi chiwembu cha yobereka anakonza mpweya ku Russia kuti China chiyani?

zokhuza polojekiti

Payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" kuonedwa mu China ku Yakutia. Kumzinda waukulu, womwe izo ndidzadutsa - Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk ndi Vladivostok. 'Mphamvu ya Siberia "- mwa zinthu apamwamba kuti" Gazprom ". The ntchito lolingana chidzatha ndi onse Russian ndi mbali Chinese. payipi The zidzalumikizana dongosolo mafuta yogawa mu Irkutsk ndi Yakutsk malo kupanga mafuta. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti dzina ikugwiridwira - "Mphamvu ya Siberia" - ku Russia anatsimikiza Zotsatira za mpikisanowo.

Amaganiza kuti gawo loyamba la payipi - kuchokera Yakutia kuti Khabarovsk, ndiyeno Vladivostok - adzakhala anatumidwa ndi mapeto a 2017. Mwina kudziŵika kuti njira ya payipi mpweya kufala adzapita pamodzi njira ya payipi mafuta ochokera kum'mawa Siberia kwa Pacific gombe mbali. Izi kuchepetsa mtengo wa yomanga zomangamanga zofunika ntchito ndi kupereka mphamvu.

Features ndi dera payipi

'Mphamvu ya Siberia "kumaphatikizapo pomanga mpweya kufala mzere pafupifupi 4 sauzande. Km. Adzakhululukidwa ntchito linanena bungwe la gasi, monga taonera pamwambapa, ku malo kupanga awiri - Irkutsk ndi Yakutsk, motsogozedwa Khabarovsk. Zikuoneka kuti payipi adzakhala wamphamvu nzothandiza chitukuko zachuma osati Far East, komanso mu gawo Asian la Chitaganya cha Russia wonse. Izi zidzatheke osati chifukwa revenues apamwamba mwachindunji ndi zikamera ntchito yopanga gasi ndi zoyendera makampani, komanso pamaziko a kuwonjezeka mlingo wa gasification m'midzi ndi, chifukwa, mwayi za kukhazikitsidwa kwa kupanga latsopano. njira zimenezi zina analimbikitsa ndi thandizo bajeti, makamaka operekedwa pansi pa pulogalamu mpweya okwanira chitukuko mu Primorsky Gawo.

Map payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" ili.

Ife tikuona kuti chiwembu cha polojekiti cholinga kuphimba m'gawo lalikulu. Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kufufuza kuchuluka chuma cha polojekiti.

lonse zachuma

Payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" - pakati pa ntchito yaikulu kwambiri mu mbiri ya chitukuko chuma Russia ano. Monga tikudziwa, lalikulu mpweya mgwirizano, chifukwa mu "Gazprom" ndi mwayi kulowa msika watsopano umene amakhala ndi kuthekera yaikulu yosainidwa pakati Russia ndi China. Amanenera, Russia adzakuperekani ku China za thililiyoni imodzi kiyubiki mamita mpweya chifukwa okwana pafupifupi $ biliyoni 400. Yerekezerani GDP Russia pa PPP ndi za thililiyoni 3.5 dollars. Amadziwika kuti counterparty a "Gazprom", ndi China National Mafuta Corporation, adzapita za $ biliyoni 25 pamaso kusowa mafuta adzayamba. Pafupifupi mphamvu payipi ya mpweya - biliyoni 38 kiyubiki mamita mpweya pachaka. mayendedwe utsi mwamphamvu lolingana chizindikiro ichi kufika chikuyembekezeka kwa zaka 5 ku chiyambi cha kotunga choyamba.

Akatswiri ena, ndi payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" adzakhala kuwonetsedwa ku mphamvu zonse ndi 2024. Tsopano makampani Russian nawo yokonza pomanga, komanso katundu zofunika ndi zida. Zikuoneka kuti pa 2015 malo adzaperekedwa kwa 500-600 thous. Matani zida. Komanso mu 2015 kuyembekezeredwa kuyamba kumanga woyamba payipi mpweya HIV.

Kusainira ya mgwirizano

The mgwirizano pakati Russia ndi China ntchito yobweretsa nkhuni otchedwa kum'mawa njira yosainidwa pa October 13 2014 pa msinkhu wa maboma onse. Malinga ndi pangano tikudziŵa zinthu kwambiri kwa mgwirizano pakati Russia ndi China ya polojekiti, kuphatikizapo mu mawonekedwe a kamangidwe, zomangamanga ndi ntchito m'madera mtanda malire a payipi ya. Yomanga payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" unasamutsidwira yamtunduwu a magulu awiri - pa Russian "Gazprom" ndi CNPC (China National Mafuta Corporation).

Kusaina mgwirizano pakati Russia ndi China pomanga mzere pansi kulingalira walola dziko lathu kudalira osiyana wa kotunga gasi. Tsopano, malinga ndi akatswiri, unkagwiritsidwa kudalira kuchisenza pa mpweya Russian malonda katundu ku Europe. Komanso, chifukwa kusiyana pandale pakati Russia ndi West kungakhale kovuta ndi pofuna kukwaniritsa mgwirizano mu njira yoyenera. Choncho, reorientation la zogulitsa kunja mpweya kuti China - sitepe kwa kofunika kwambiri osiyana a kapezedwe. China - kukula msika ndi makampani otukuka, amene nthawi zonse akufunika yambiri gasi. Russian Federation - mmodzi wa ogulitsa ochepa amene ali okonzeka kugulitsa mpweya kuti China ndi wolimba ndi angagulidwe.

Resources gasi

Choncho, payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" Adzapulumutsa kuti China mafuta opangidwa ku Irkutsk ndi Yakutsk malo. Pankhani gwero woyamba, kuyembekezeredwa kupanga mafuta pa munda Kovykta. M'matangadza wa mafuta m'menemo akuti pafupi thililiyoni 1.5 cm. Ndi nkhani ya pakati Yakut kupanga apita ku Chayandinskoye kumunda. nkhokwe zake ndi za 1.2 tcm.

Features ntchito yomanga payipi mpweya

Choncho, tikuona mphamvu ndi Ponseponse kuphatikizapo a mu gawo la dzina, "Mphamvu ya Siberia" - ndi payipi mpweya. Amene ubalewo? ndi amene womanga wamkulu kukhazikitsa ntchito imeneyi padziko lonse?

Choona chidwi n'chakuti ambiri omanga payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" kumatanthauza mwina ayi. Osachepera pa TV kufalitsa mfundo imeneyi. Amaganiza kuti kumanga payipi mpweya "Mphamvu ya Siberia" kampani adzakhala umaimiridwa ndi mabungwe ang'onoang'ono. M'njira imeneyi, ya "Gazprom" monga tanenera ndi akatswiri ena anasintha machenjerero ake - pamaso Russian mpweya bungweli akadali anasankha naye patsogolo. Pankhani ya polojekiti chotero, ngati payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia", ndi omanga adzachita ntchito wamba.

Chiwembu miyambo

Chiwembu mwambo ankachita "Gazprom", kufalitsa zimenezi amaganiza mmabwalo lalikulu, kuti anatsimikiza gulu patsogolo, amene ankachita nawo ntchito yomanga gawo khwalala. Mwachitsanzo, zofunikira za "South Stream" zisanafike yapatutsidwira kwina kuti Turkey, anali kuyang'anira bungweli "Stroygazmontazh". Chigawo Loona za "South Stream" anali kumanga kampani "Stroytransgaz". Nayenso polojekiti "North Stream" yagwiridwira pansi pa utsogoleri wa kampani "Stroygazconsulting".

ziletso chinthu

Kukwatiwa chiwembu, akatswiri amanena, si mulingo woyenera kwambiri zinthu panopa, pamene ziletso zinaikidwa mu kulemekeza la Russia ku maiko azungu. chakuti makampani izi Russian anadza pansi iwo, kotero kuti sangathe kuitanitsa mitundu ina ya zida chofunika. Makamaka, makina Komatsu ndi machitidwe kuwotcherera monga CRC-Evance, lopangidwa mu United States.

ukutitsimikizira muyezo

Baibulo lina, kufotokoza Baibulo la "Gazprom" mfundo zake pa kampani ndi pansi ntchito zimenezi zikuluzikulu, zomwe ndi payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia", Russian mchitidwe amafuna umboni wakuti banki. Mavuto ndi anthu akhale ndi "Gazprom". chakuti Russia yaikulu mpweya kampani mu njira ya 2015 ayenera kusamutsa ndalamawo ake mu dongosolo la rubles biliyoni 174,3. ngongole imeneyi si mwa akatswiri zazikulu kwambiri "Gazprom", koma tikhoza kukopa ngongole nthawi yaitali pa nkhani ya vuto ndalama.

Pali zizindikiro zambiri zowonetsa kuti pomanga payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" wonse adzakopedwa Makampani 15. Pakati pawo, nthawi yomweyo pali kampani "Stroytransgaz". Mwa makampani ena amene "Gazprom" tilowe mu mapangano - EVRAKOR, "Argus Special unsembe", "Irkutskneftegazstroy", "SpetsMontazhProekt".

Pafupifupi ndalama kwa pomanga "Mphamvu ya Siberia" - biliyoni 770 rubles .. Awa, makamaka, kuti chuma cha dziko la Sakha izo aganyali biliyoni 283. Opaka.

kufufuza polojekiti

Choncho, taphunzira zizindikiro zazikulu chuma cha polojekiti. Tili mapu payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia" anali ankafufuza. Kodi kufufuza kusodza chiyembekezo zogwirizana mu akatswiri atolankhani Russian?

Ambiri, akatswiri amavomereza kuti "Mphamvu ya Siberia" - chitsanzo cha Mgwirizano wa mayiko bwino. chakuti payipi zofunika pamlingo kuchokera Russia ndi China. Mu nkhani ya ndale za polojekiti, monga akatswiri ndikukhulupirira, ali zina analimbitsa mgwirizano pakati pa mayiko awiri.

Mmene chuma Akuti mwa akatswiri yekha positive. Revenue Gazprom ntchito yobweretsa nkhuni, monga taonera pamwambapa, adzakhala $ biliyoni 400. mphamvu yofunika kuti pakhale chuma la Russia adzalandira zigawo lolingana - onse mawu a ndalama, ndi mawu a kumanga zomangamanga, kuphatikizapo mafakitale.

Pali Baibulo kuti ogula waukulu mpweya m'dziko liwu sing'anga adzakhala China ndi India. "Mphamvu ya Siberia" - ntchito imene Mwanjira imeneyi, amadziwa okhudzidwa mawu a malumikizanidwe ndi mumaganiza zachuma padziko lonse. Amanenera, mu 2020 mphamvu ya mowa mafuta China lidzafika biliyoni 420. Kiyubiki mamita.

Russia ndi China anasaina mgwirizano pa katundu gasi, Ndatsegula zokulitsira zibwenzi m'madera malire. Chifukwa kukhalapo kwa Russian Federation of zomangamanga latsopano angathandize kukhala madipoziti latsopano zachilengedwe, zomwe ali olemera mu Siberia ndi Far East. Pali mwayi mawu a inatha M'MALO, kuwonjezera buku la mafakitale m'chigawochi.

Yomanga payipi "Mphamvu ya Siberia", akuyembekezeka kukhala chinthu chabwino mu chitukuko cha Siberia ndi Far East dera lonse, kuphatikizapo gawo chikhalidwe. Nzika ankakhala mbali zowonjezera la Russia adzalandira mwayi ntchito, malonda, maphunziro.

Imalimbikitsa kuti aganyali

Kukula kwa chuma cha Siberia ndi Far East adzaona ngati kuyembekezera ofufuza, kukula kwa Investor chidwi mu zigawo izi. Pa nthawi yomweyo ikuyembekeza kuti m'magawo awo ndi kuchita zinthu osati amalonda ku China, pafupi kwambiri, komanso ochokera m'mayiko ena - makamaka Korea South, Vietnam, Singapore. Tikuyembekezera reorientation chapadera cha zinthu za ndalama m'banja. Ambiri a iwo tsopano padera mu ntchito kunja, ndipo n'zotheka kuti likulu lawo nawonso kupita ku chuma cha Siberia ndi Russia. Izi zingathenso kuthandiza ndi ziletso zoletsa ntchito makampani Russian.