The zikuchokera chipika thovu. Ntchito za umodzi-storey nyumba zingatipunthwitse chithovu. kupanga midadada thovu

Penoblok ndi ma chuma porous amene ali dongosolo chifukwa chakuti mpweya thovu anagawira mu buku lonse. mankhwala amenewa ndi angakwanitse ndi zovuta pakati pa anthu anapereka lero ndi msika ntchito yomanga nyumba ndi nyumba. Ntchito thovu chipika, ndipo kutentha ndi kutchinjiriza phokoso la mpanda.

Ngati nanunso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu izi, muyenera kudziwa zimene zikuchokera chipika thovu, ndipo opangidwa ndi luso ndi.

Chofunika zikuchokera

Pofuna kupeza cholimba ndi apamwamba thovu chipika, ayenera kutsatira mfundo boma ndi luso yopanga. The zosakaniza izi zili zikuchokera chipika thovu:

• Portland;
• mchenga;
• thobvu wothandizila;
• zina.

Ponena za simenti Portland, icho chikuchitira ndi binder. Brand ntchito pa barotehnologii - M-500. Ngati kupanga zachokera njira yapamwamba, ndi sukulu zotsatirazi simenti Portland zingagwiritsidwe ntchito:

• M500 D20.
• M400 D0.
• M400 D20.

Ntchito ya mutuluka mchenga filler, mwina ali ndi wodetsedwa dongo kuchuluka kwa 3% khwatsi ndi - kuchokera 75% ndi pamwamba. Chimodzi mwa zigawo ndi madzi. More ntchito ndi kuchita thobvu wothandizira. Iwo akhoza kukhala kupanga kapena mapuloteni. Choyamba ntchito barotehnologii, pamene lachiwiri - ndi njira zachikhalidwe cha ulimi. Mapuloteni thobvu wothandizira, amene amatchedwa ndi mapuloteni, zabwino chifukwa cholola inu kukwaniritsa kubala thovu high quality, amene sangathe kuvutitsa anthu thanzi.

zosakaniza zina

Kuti kuumitsa zinthu mwamsanga, ntchito zina zapadera. Malinga luso angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zosiyanasiyana za kondomu. Kudziwana ndi kapangidwe thovu chipika, muphunzira kuti wothandizila thobvu anapangidwa pamaziko a fupa zomatira, paini rosin, kubisa zomatira, caustic koloko luso, ndikutsuka phala, ndi mbali zina.

Chiphunzitso CHITSANZO thovu chipika

Kuti ogula, zidzakhala zosangalatsa kudziwa zimene pafupifupi zikuchokera thovu kutulutsa wina mita kiyubiki zakuthupi. maziko adzakhala Portland simenti PC 500 D0. Kuti chithovu chipika M400, ntchito makilogalamu 300 simenti, malita 160 madzi ndi makilogalamu 0,85 wa thobvu wothandizira. Sand Pankhaniyi sizikhudza.

Pakuti thovu mtundu M-600 atenge makilogalamu 210 mchenga, makilogalamu 330 simenti, 180 L madzi ndi makilogalamu 1.1 wa frother. Nkofunika kuphunzira zikuchokera chipika thovu, ngati inu mukufuna kupeza chuma mtundu M-800. Pankhaniyi ife ntchito makilogalamu 340 mchenga, makilogalamu 400 simenti, malita 230 madzi ndi wothandizila thobvu, kuchuluka amene ali 1.1 makilogalamu.

Kupanga chipika thovu

Yopanga thovu midadada zikuphatikizapo zoletsedwa luso. Zimatengera yokonza mchenga ndi njira simenti, kuphatikiza chithovu zikuchokera ndi mapangidwe atilakwira. Ntchito muyenera zipangizo zotsatirazi zipangizo:

• simenti chosakanizira;
• thovu jenereta;
• mtundu kapena chidebe;
• simenti;
• hardener kapena mchenga;
• thobvu wothandizira.

Gawo loyamba zakonzedwa madzi, simenti ndi mchenga. Ayenera kutsatira chiwembu chakale zophatikiza njira zinazi. Mu siteji yotsatira pang'ono ndi pang'ono anawonjezera wothandizila thobvu. Akatswiri ena amalangiza ntchito osiyanasiyana kapena kupanga analogi womwe wapangidwa nkhuni zomatira wopambana, ayendetse ndi hydroxide ndi sodium.

zosakaniza zowonjezera ndi wosanganiza ndi mkangano. Chotero osakaniza angathe kukonzekera yekha pamaso pa thovu jenereta. The zikuchokera ndi pamodzi ndi simenti, ndipo pambuyo kupanga chithovu midadada amapezeka. thovu chipika kupanga zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kagawo kakang'ono mchenga umene uli zosafunika palibe dongo. Madzi angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito madzi, siziyenera kukhala zidulo ndi mchere.

Makamaka njira yothetsera chipika thovu

Kupanga thovu midadada kuti chosakanizira pachiyambi, monga zipangizo kunyumba zopangidwa si nthawi zonse kuthandiza kukwaniritsa chimene mukufuna. Kupanga mitundu plywood Tiwatenga, ndi kofunika kupitiriza miyeso. Kuti imathandizira pa solidification la zikuchokera, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zogwirizana. Pakati pawo makamaka wotchuka kashiamu mankhwala enaake. Iwo anawonjezera kuti zopangapanga konkire ndi thovu ikuwomba wothandizira. Voliyumu ya nkhaniyi pafupifupi 2% ya kulemera okwana.

The zikuchokera ndi malinga ndi mitundu, ndi mankhwala yomalizidwa anayikidwa pa pallets, kupita zomangamanga. Njira imene imakhudza kuphatikiza njira kudzazidwa mtsinje mchenga ndi simenti mu chosakanizira cha, pang'ono ndi pang'ono anawonjezera kuti zikuchokera madzi ndi wothandizila thobvu. osakaniza akawinduka chabwino, anawonjezera kuti hardener lapansi. Patapita mphindi 2 yankho kukonzekera akamaumba. Akuyendera mapangidwe mankhwala, m'pofunika kukonzekera thanki. Amatha kuumba amayeretsedwa ku zatsalira dothi kapena zosakaniza ndi mankhwala zikuchokera wapadera popanda mafuta pambuyo makoma lamkati. Ngati inu ntchito lubricant, chipika yomalizidwa mosavuta kuchotsedwa nkhungu. Chifukwa chaichi, akasinja mkati polyethylene hooped. Zamgululi angathe kupanga ndi kudula njira.

Kukula ndi osalimba wa chipika thovu

N'chiyani chimachititsa midadada, mukudziwa kale. Komabe, n'kofunika kudziwa zambiri za magawo ena, monga osalimba. inawo zimakhudza atasankhidwa. Ngati nkhaniyo ali osalimba osiyanasiyana M1000, M1200, ndiye structural. -Insulating midadada constructional ndi osalimba a ku M500 kuti M900. Ndi nkhani ya mankhwala matenthedwe kutchinjiriza, kachulukidwe awo ndi M300-M500.

Zotsimikizira njira anafotokoza angathe kugawidwa mmagawo, zooneka ndi kudula. Yotsirizira zimathandiza kupeza mankhwala munthu ku khamu umodzi wa thovu. Kuumbidwa midadada konkire ndizodzazidwa m'njira ndi partitions. Penoblok 600h300h200 mamilimita ndi muyezo, ndi kulemera kwake zimasiyanasiyana 11 makilogalamu 19, zimene zili zoona kwa mankhwala kutchinjiriza. Kwa midadada structural thovu kulemera ndi kwa makilogalamu 39 47.

ntchito ya nyumba

Midadada, kukula kwake ndi mitengo ya amene atchulidwa m'nkhaniyi ndi ayenera kudziwika kwa ogula, kawirikawiri kupanga maziko a nyumba imodzi-storey. Pamaso kukafola polojekiti muyenera kusankha zokha ndi katundu mwankhanza makoma. Kawirikawiri chapakati ndi akunja makoma, zomwe zidali choncho pamene nyumba si oposa 6 m. Partitions zina zonse zikhoza kusintha malinga ndi zofuna zanu.

Ngati m'lifupi nyumba ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi kuposa 12 m, muyenera kuganizira za malo a nyumba yothandizira, chifukwa woterowo denga adzavomereza ndi kulemera, zimene adzachititsa kuthamanga pa kunja makoma katundu mwankhanza. Akatswiri amalangiza Pankhaniyi kuganizira ntchito ndi kukweza kapena kupeza nyumba zochepa waukulu.

A asilikali a osakwatiwa-storey nyumba zingatipunthwitse thovu, m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti katundu mwankhanza makoma adzaikidwe pa maziko. Monga pansi zambiri unkakhala partitions, chifukwa iwo alibe kunyamula katundu wapadera. Pankhaniyi, inu adzaonetsetsa mtendere wa mpanda. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani nyumba chomwe ndi zipinda zitatu wamoyo, bafa limodzi ndi kulowera wamba. Chimodzi mwa zipinda ali ndi malo a 8 mamita ^2, kuchipinda accommodates lalikulu m'dera 9,1 mamita ^2. Koma pabalaza, malo ake akhoza kukhala wolingana 11,1 mamita ^2. Common kulowera ili pa malo 5.2 mamita ^2. bafa A akhoza adzaikidwa mu ngodya ya nyumba, adzakhala ndi dera 7 mamita ^2.

A asilikali a osakwatiwa-storey nyumba zingatipunthwitse thovu, akatswiri nthawi zambiri wamoyo lalikulu. Mwachitsanzo Munthu angathe kukhala zosinthika wa nyumba ndi nyumba ya 26,3 mamita ^2. Lavatory ntchito osiyana chimbudzi ali ndi malo a 2,7 mamita ^2, pamene kusamba - 4 mamita ^2. inawo ili pafupi khitchini 7 mamita ^2. kulowera Common ili pa malo 4.6 mamita ^2, amapita ku kulowera ang'ono amene zikugwirizana pabalaza ndi kuchipinda. Chipinda yamasika ali ndi malo a 12.1 mamita ^2.

M'malo mapeto: mtengo wa midadada thovu

Makulidwe ndi mitengo ya midadada thovu - izi ndi makhalidwe kuti ndikaonekere kwa ogula kuposa ena. Kugula mankhwala ndi miyeso 600 × 250 × 375 mamilimita mungathe kwa rubles 3600 pa mita kiyubiki. Pakuti chipika yolemera makilogalamu 120, amene miyeso ndi 600 × 250 × 200 mm, muyenera kulipira 120 rubles. Ngati mukupita kumanga nyumba ya midadada thovu, mukhoza kugula mankhwala zazikulu zotsatirazi: 600 × 250 × 150 mamilimita ndi 600 × 250 × 125 mm. Mtengo wa zomangira adzakhala ofanana 90 ndi 80 rubles pa gawo, motero.