The zokambirana mbali kulankhulana. makhalidwe General

Zogwiritsa kulankhulana mbali - ndi mfundo ochiritsira, womwenso malongosoledwe a zigawo kugwirizana ndi anzake za anthu mmenemo, komanso gulu la ntchito limodzi. Ikufotokoza gawo mu Social Psychology, omwe amachita ndi kusanthula chikhalidwe ndi maganizo. Ichi ndi "ophiphiritsa interactionism", amene anayambitsa anali Mead.

Asayansi asonyeza postulates zotsatirazi:

• mu chikhalidwe chikhalidwe cha umunthu "Ine" ikaseweredwa chidwi udindo kulankhulana;
• umunthu aumbike monga Uwerenge zochita za psyche anthu maganizo a ena mu ndondomeko ya ntchito olowa;
• Zilinso mogwirizana ofunika kwambiri ndipo ndi mbali zokambirana ndi kulankhulana.

Mu kuwerenga maganizo ano, kwambiri linaperekedwa kwa zinthu izi.

Choyamba, ndi kufanizitsa mgwirizano mu kulankhulana akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu iwiri chachikulu - mpikisano ndi mgwirizano. Woyamba zikutanthauza kuti anthu zofuna zawo koposa china chilichonse, pamene lachiwiri - kuyesetsa kuti zolinga zawo.

Chachiwiri, kukambirana mbali kulankhulana kumafuna pamaso pa khalidwe pamalo. Iwo ikuchitika mwa dongosolo la kwa moyo ndi malamulo amene analandira anthu anapatsidwa. Iwo zonse unagona onse chikhalidwe ndiponso zimene ankachita.

Kachitatu, aliyense ayenera kutsatira malamulo amenewa ndi correlate zochita zawo ndi iwo. Kenako, izo zidzakhala zofunikira kusankha, yolondola, ndi zimene zonse ubale ndi anthu ena.

Lachinayi zokambirana mbali kulankhulana kumafuna dongosolo la udindo aliyense amachita mogwirizana kunyumba, kuntchito, ndi anzathu ndi mabanja. Nthawi zambiri akukumana ndi mzake, chifukwa muli ndi kusankha. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, nthawi zambiri pali mikangano.

Iwo amaphunzira pamene ankaona zokambirana mbali kulankhulana. Psychology chimasiyanitsa magulu awiri zimayambitsa nkhondo :

• Ankalamulira-bizinesi;
• umunthu.

Tiyeni akukhala mwatsatanetsatane pa makhalidwe awo. Nkhani malonda zimayambitsa mikangano pamene mogwirizana anakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zakuthupi. Personal chomwecho - zambiri zokhudzana kudzidalira ndi kudzilemekeza.

nkhondo Kugwiritsa kumabweretsa chotchinga zamalankhulidwe pamene pali kusiyana kwa maganizo, zofuna, madongosolo, ndi kulankhulana kumabweretsa zimawonjezera vutoli.

Zogwiritsa kulankhulana mbali ali mbali zazikulu atatu amene ali ndi tanthauzo lofunika. Ndi za mtunda pakati pa anthu, lathu mgwirizano, pamaso pa zopinga kunja. Kuti mufotokozere aliyense wa iwo.

Mtunda pakati pa anthu kudzadalira chikhalidwe cha mogwirizana awo. Choncho, pamene kutchula kudziwitsa yokoma munthu wina, tikuyesa kuti tidze chifupi ndi kuyang'ana mu maso ake. M'malomwake, tidzayesetsa lichoke mwa kupeŵa vuto lina.

Lathu kumafuna mabwanawe makamaka malo wachibale wina ndi mzake. Mwachitsanzo, "pamasom'pamaso", kapena "nkhope ndi khosi" ndi zina zotero.

zofunika kwambiri ndi diso kukhudzana. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti anthu adzayang'ana mu maso a interlocutor wake, ngati akufuna kuti lisadetsedwe ndi chikondi. Kapena bwanji mphamvu ndi waukali, ngati n'koyenera.

Akunja chotchinga azipereka kwa kuwonongeka kwa khalidwe la anzake. Pamene kukhazikitsa asapita Ndi bwino kuchotsa mipando, matebulo, matumba ndi zina zotero.

Choncho n'kofunika kwambiri ndi kukambirana mbali kulankhulana. The zamaganizo a munthu aliyense ayenera atengere ku peculiarities wa mogwirizana wake ndi waphindu.