Minofu ulusi. Mitundu ulusi minofu

ulusi woonda minofu kupanga chilichonse minofu chigoba. makulidwe zawo zili za 0,05-0,11 mamilimita ndi kutalika ndi 15 cm. minofu Minofu CHIKWANGWANI striated minofu ndi kusonkhanitsidwa mu mitolo, monga ulusi 10-50. mitolo izi amacheza ndi minofu connective (fascia).

Minofu yokha ndi ozingidwa fascia. Pafupifupi 85-90% ya m'buku mpaka ulusi wake minofu. Otsala gawo - mitsempha ndi mitsempha kuti padutse iwo. Malekezero ulusi minofu ndi striated minofu minofu ndi yosintha mu tendon lapansi. Yotsirizira amagwira mafupa.

Mitochondria ndi myofibrils mu minofu ya

Taganizirani Kapangidwe ka minofu CHIKWANGWANI. Mu cytoplasm (sarcoplasm) lili ambiri mitochondria. Iwo amasewera udindo wa mphamvu imene nzeru komanso zinthu kudziunjikira zinthu mphamvu kulemera, komanso amene akufunika kuti kupereka zosowa mphamvu. Pali zikwi zingapo mitochondria mu gawo lirilonse la selo minofu. Iwo amakhala pafupi 30-35% ya misa okwana.

Kapangidwe ka minofu CHIKWANGWANI ndi chotero kuti unyolo wa mitochondria wamangidwa pamodzi myofibrils lapansi. Izi filaments woonda kuti kupereka chidule ndi zosangalatsa minofu yathu. Kawirikawiri khungu ndi ambiri myofibrils, mmene aliyense kutalika kungakhale kwa masentimita angapo. Ngati kulemera kwa myofibers onse apangidwe yoperekedwa kwa maselo a minofu, kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwake konse kumakhala adzakhala pafupifupi 50%. The makulidwe a CHIKWANGWANI Choncho, zimadalira kwenikweni chiwerengero cha myofibrils ili mmenemo, komanso mtanda wawo dongosolo. Nayenso myofibrils ndi lopangidwa sarcomeres ambiri ting'onoting'ono.

Striated minofu ulusi minofu yodziwika ndi akazi ndi amuna onse. Komabe, kapangidwe chawo ndi chosiyana pang'ono malinga jenda ndi. Malinga ndi zotsatira za minofu anapezazo biopsy zinapangidwa kuti ulusi minofu myofibrils kuchuluka kwa akazi n'chozama kupitirira anthu. Amenewa ngakhale kuti othamanga waudindo wake.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, misa akulu kwambiri ndi anagawira omangidwa mu thupi mu akazi ndi amuna. The mbali yaikulu ya akazi ili mmunsi mwa thupi. Pamwamba pa buku minofu ndi ang'ono, ndi ang'ono ndi amachita wosaphunzitsidwa.

CHIKWANGWANI wofiira

Malinga kutopa, histochemical kudetsa ndi contractile katundu ulusi minofu anawagawa m'magulu awiri: ofiira ndi oyera. Red ndi ulusi wodekha ndi awiri ang'onoang'ono. Kuti tipeze mphamvu kugwiritsa ntchito makutidwe ndi okosijeni zidulo mafuta ndi chakudya (dongosolo amenewa amatchedwa aerobic kupanga mphamvu). ulusi awa umatchedwanso pang'onopang'ono kapena pang'onopang'ono twitch. Nthawi zina amatchedwa mtundu 1 ulusi.

Chifukwa ulusi wofiira tikutchedwera

Red, iwo amatchedwa chifukwa iwo ndi wofiira histochemical coloration. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ulusi awa ali myoglobin ambiri. Myoglobin - wapadera pigment mapuloteni ndi mtundu wofiira. Ntchito yake kuti akukamba mpweya kwambiri mu ulusi minofu ya capillaries magazi.

Features ulusi wofiira

Wosakwiya ulusi minofu ndi kuchuluka kwa mitochondria. Mu ndondomekoyi makutidwe ndi okosijeni akutsatiridwa, chimene chili chofunika mphamvu. ulusi wofiira amacheza ndi tinjira lalikulu capillaries. Iwo ayenera kupulumutsa wambirimbiri mpweya ndi magazi.

ulusi minofu pang'onopang'ono bwino ndinazolowera kukhazikitsa aerobic dongosolo kupanga mphamvu. Wotsika mphamvu ya contractions awo. Mlingo pa zomwe iwo zimawononga mphamvu akukwana kuchita kokha aerobic kagayidwe. ulusi wofiira loyenereradi ntchito sanali kwambiri ndi mosalekeza, monga kuyenda ndi kuthamanga stayerskogo mtunda mu kusambira, othamangitsa ndi ena.

Kuchepetsa minofu CHIKWANGWANI zipangitsa kuti magulu amene si kumafuna khama. Kumuyamikila amenenso amapereka mwa aima pa. Izi striated minofu minofu khalidwe la CHIKWANGWANI, zomwe zina mwa ntchito pa katundu kuyambira 20 mpaka 25% ya pazipita mphamvu zotheka. Iwo yodziwika ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Komabe, ulusi wofiira sizikugwira ntchito mu kukhazikitsa sprints, kunyamula zitsulo zolemera, etc., Monga izi mitundu ya katundu amafuna ndi kudya otaya ndi kupoletsa mphamvu. Chifukwa chaichi mwayera ulusi, limene ife tsopano tikambirane.

ulusi woyera

Iwo akutchedwanso kudya, bystrosokraschayuschihsya mtundu 2 ulusi. awiri awo ndi akuluakulu poyerekeza ndi wofiira. Pakuti mphamvu ntchito makamaka glycolysis (ie dongosolo kupanga mphamvu iwo anaerobic). Ulusi kudya n'chochepa kuchuluka kwa myoglobin. Ndicho chifukwa chake iwo ali woyera.

The akuwaza wa ATP

Fast ulusi ali zikuluzikulu ATPase ntchito enzyme ndi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti akuwaza wa ATP ndi kudya, uyu amapereka mphamvu zambiri, chimene chili chofunika ntchito kwambiri. Popeza ulusi woyera yodziwika ndi mlingo mkulu wa ndalama mphamvu, ndipo iwo amafuna liwilo kubwezeretsa mamolekyulu ATP. Ndipo akhoza kupereka ndondomeko ya glycolysis chifukwa, mosiyana ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni, kumachitika mu ulusi sarcoplasm minofu. Choncho, mpweya yobereka mitochondria si chofunika, monga yobereka mphamvu yotsirizira kuti myofibrils lapansi.

N'chifukwa woyera ulusi tayala msanga

Chifukwa glycolysis amapezeka lactate (asidi lactic) akuthamangira wambirimbiri. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ulusi woyera asatope msanga, izo zimaleka kenako ntchito minofu yanu. Ulusi wofiira pansi mapangidwe aerobic aumbike asidi lactic. Ndicho chifukwa chake iwo amakhala ndi voteji zolimbitsa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Features ulusi woyera

ulusi White lalikulu awiri wachibale wofiira. Komanso, iwo ali glycogen kwambiri ndi myofibrils, koma ali mitochondria ochepa. Minofu CHIKWANGWANI khungu la mtundu uwu ali mu kapangidwe creatine ake mankwala (CP). Ndi chofunika pa siteji yoyamba ya opaleshoni yaikulu kwambiri mwamphamvu.

Ambiri ulusi woyera ndinazolowera kuchita khama wamphamvu, kudya, koma yochepa, kuyambira ali otsika mphamvu. Quick CHIKWANGWANI, poyerekeza ndi pang'onopang'ono, zikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwa nthawi 2 mwachangu komanso kukhala olimba nthawi 10 wamkulu. Liwiro ndi mphamvu ya munthu akufotokozera chifukwa cha iwo. Ngati ntchito pamafunika 25-30% khama pazipita ndi pamwamba, kutanthauza kuti kutenga mbali ndi woyera ulusi. Iwo agawidwa malinga ndi njira yodalirika mphamvu otsatirawa mitundu iwiri.

Quick glycolytic ulusi minofu

Yoyamba - kudya glycolytic ulusi. The ndondomeko ya glycolysis ntchito kupanga mphamvu. M'mawu ena, iwo amatha ntchito kokha anaerobic dongosolo kupanga mphamvu amalimbikitsa mapangidwe asidi lactic (lactate). Choncho, CHIKWANGWANI deta sangabereke mphamvu ndi mpweya, mwachitsanzo, mwa thupi. Fast ulusi glycolytic yodziwika ndi liwiro ndi mphamvu kuchepetsedwa munthu pazipita. Iwo zimapezeka mu asilikali a misa mu mpikisanowo, bodybuilders, ndi kupereka othamanga ndi osambira, kumvera ndinagonjetsa, ndi liwiro pazipita.

Rapid ulusi makutidwe ndi okosijeni-glycolytic

Mtundu chachiwiri - mofulumira ulusi makutidwe ndi okosijeni-glycolytic. Iwo amatchedwa Transitional kapena wapakatikati. ulusi Awa ndi mtundu wa mtundu wapakatikati pakati pa ulusi wodekha ndi kudya minofu. Iwo yodziwika ndi dongosolo wamphamvu kupanga mphamvu (anaerobic), koma ndinazolowera kukhazikitsa mwachilungamo kwambiri aerobic thupi. M'mawu ena, ulusi awa akhoza kukhala kwambiri khama ndiponso mtengo mkulu wa kuchepetsa. Choncho ndiwo mphamvu ndi glycolysis. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngati mphamvu ya chidule amakhala otsika, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito makutidwe ndi okosijeni bwino. Mtundu wa CHIKWANGWANI ndi adamulowetsa ntchito, ngati katundu ndi 20 mpaka 40% ya pazipita. Komabe, kuzungulira 40%, thupi yomweyo kwathunthu atatembenuzidwa ntchito mofulumira ulusi glycolytic.

Chiŵerengero ulusi kudya ndi pang'onopang'ono m'thupi

Studies akhala akufufuza m'njira umene unakhazikitsidwa ndi chakuti chiŵerengero ulusi kudya ndi wosakwiya mu thupi anatsimikiza chibadwa. Ngati ife kulankhula za munthu wamba, iye ali pafupi 40-50% pang'onopang'ono, ndi za 50-60% mofulumira. Komabe, aliyense wa ife ndi wapadera. Mu thupi la munthu weniweni zikhoza kusokoneza ulusi onse woyera ndi wofiira.

Chiwerengero cha iwo mu minofu zosiyanasiyana za thupi sizili zofanana. Ichi ndi chifukwa minofu ndi magulu awo mu thupi kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Ndi chifukwa minofu imeneyi yopingasa ulusi zosiyana mu zikuchokera awo. Mwachitsanzo, mu kukongola ndi triceps pafupifupi 70% woyera ulusi. Pang'ono ang'onoang'ono mu femur awo (pafupifupi 50%). Koma mu gastrocnemius minofu ya ulusi 16%. Ndiko kuti, ngati zolinga zinchito za mbali zambiri zazikulu za ntchito minofu, zidzakhala zambiri mofulumira, sachedwa.

angathe kulumikizana mu masewera ndi mitundu ulusi minofu

Ife tikudziwa kale kuti chiŵerengero chonse ulusi wofiira ndi woyera m'thupi la munthu anaika chibadwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, anthu osiyanasiyana ndipo ali angakwanitse masewera. Winawake bwino ndi masewera zinafuna kupirira, ndi munthu - mphamvu. Ngati chogwidwa ndi ulusi pang'onopang'ono, munthu kwambiri yabwino kwa kutsetsereka, marathons, kusambira kwa mtunda wautali, ndi zina zotero. E., Icho ndi masewera, amene akukhudzidwa makamaka aerobic dongosolo kupanga mphamvu. Ngati thupi kuposa mofulumira twitch ulusi minofu, n'zotheka iyende bwino mu nthawi yambiri ndinagonjetsa, ndinagonjetsa kusambira, weightlifting, powerlifting, ndi ena Mitundu,. Kumene mtengo yaikulu limabweretsa mphamvu zachiwawa. Ndipo, ngati inu mukudziwa, angapereke yekha woyera ulusi minofu. The othamanga kwambiri nthawi zonse sprinters chogwidwa ndi iwo. chiwerengero chawo mu minofu ya miyendo ukufika awo 85%. Ngati pali kufanana pafupifupi wofanana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ulusi, munthu mwangwiro wosakanikirana ndi pakati mtunda kuthamanga ndi kusambira. Komabe, pamwamba sizikutanthauza kuti ngati chogwidwa ndi ulusi kudya, munthu wotero sadzakhoza kuthamanga mpikisano. Iye ankakhoza kuthamanga, koma osati kwenikweni akhale katswiri mpira. Ndipotu, ngati thupi zambiri wofiira ulusi, zotsatira ojambula adzatero munthu woteroyo ndi woipa kuposa avareji, chiŵerengero ulusi wofiira ndi woyera umene uli pafupifupi wofanana.