Vibrio cholerae. The kolera oopsa

Vibrio cholerae - mabakiteriya amene amayambitsa aakulu matumbo matenda munthu. Chitsanzo cha kolera ndi kugonjetsedwa za m'mimba ang'ono, ndi chitukuko cha zipatala pachimake kuledzera, kutsegula m'mimba madzi, profuse kusanza ndi imfa mofulumira kwambiri a mthupi. kolera angakhale mu malo kwa nthawi yaitali, koma ndithu amafuna munthu (vibrionositel) chitukuko awo ndi kubalana. anthu kungatenge ndi zizindikiro pang'ono, mosalekeza kumasuka ku chilengedwe zambiri kolera.

Vibrio cholerae imafalikira kwa munthu ndi fecal-m'kamwa njira. Ie, ndowe zakhudzana ndi mabakiteriya anamasulidwa mu chilengedwe (nthaka, madzi), amene odza ndi tizilombo, kawirikawiri ntchentche pa chakudya ndi zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku pakhomo.

Mbali ya kolera ndi kuti zambiri limangokhudza mu mawonekedwe a mliri. Waukulu kuderako foci imatengedwa kuti Africa, Latin America, Asia South-East. Kolera kutchulidwa monga matenda kwaokha.

Pakali pano, pali magulu oposa zana ndi makumi anai a Vibrio cholerae. wothandizila Causative a kolera ndi oimira serogroup O1 - Vibrio cholerae O1. Malinga ndi makhalidwe ake Vibrio cholerae Tinanyamuka yokhota kumapeto ndodo, ndi bakiteriya udzakhalire lapansi. Izi galamu alibe aerobic mabakiteriya kukula pa zamchere TV michere pa yozungulira kutentha kwa 10-40 madigiri Celsius. Mmodzi wa kolera - Vibrio cholerae El wo- tsogolera amatha hemolyze nkhosa erythrocytes.

Zikamera wa kolera

Mwamtheradi onse m'njira kolera imafalikira, amatchula fecal-m'kamwa limagwirira wa HIV. Wodwala kapena zimatulutsa vibriocarrier mu chilengedwe kolera. Kuchokera kumeneko Vibrio zambiri akulowa madzi omwe anthu ena ali ndi kachilombo kolera. Komanso, zakudya ayenera kudya kachilombo pa lokonzekera, kugawa, kutsuka kapena yosungirako.

A udindo wapadera mu kufala kwa kolera kusewera zoipa zinthu ukhondo, mkulu anthu osalimba, otaya lalikulu la anthu ochokera m'madera kuderako. Pambuyo pa matenda 4-5% milandu anthu onyamula vibrio, amene ankakhala mu ndulu ya aakulu. Makamaka khalidwe ndi chonyamulira okalamba. Nthawi zina matenda ofalitsidwa umabala chitetezo chokwanira olimba serotype kuti kachilombo anthu.

nthawi makulitsidwe

Kutalika kwa makulitsidwe a Vibrio cholerae zimasiyanasiyana maola angapo kwa masiku angapo (mpaka zisanu), koma zambiri ndi za 24-48 maola. The kukula kwa matenda ndi munthu chifukwa munthu aliyense. Zizindikiro za matenda akhoza onse achotsa ndipo anawapatsa (mu Zikatero, munthu amafa mu tsiku woyamba kapena wachiwiri wa lakuthwa kuchepa madzi).

zizindikiro

Kolera osiyana chiwerengero zizindikiro khalidwe kuphatikizapo: pachimake isanayambike, profuse madzi m'mimba kwa masiku angapo, mpando ali ndi pasty kapena madzi kugwirizana kuwala imvi mtundu, odorless. Kusanza: koyamba posachedwapa kudya chakudya, ndipo kenako kumakhaladi madzi, chokhala madzi mpunga. Kutentha si, mu Zikavuta, pali kuchepa kwa madigiri 35-35.5 Celsius. Wodwala ali ndi zizindikiro zonse za madzi m'thupi. Mkodzo linanena bungwe akutsikira zikuchepa, pambuyo kusintha kwa anasiya pokodza.

chithandizo

Chithandizo cha kolera wochitidwa ndi kukhala kufalitsidwa magazi voliyumu ndi minofu kuchira electrolyte zikuchokera. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi, applicable olanda mankhwala ndi mtsempha saline njira kenako kusintha madzi eletrolitnogo kuwombola.