Villa Rotunda - mwaluso za Andrea Palladio

Suli kutali ndi yosangalatsa Venice mzinda wa Vicenza, amene si zochepa wokongola kuposa anasunga akale nthano chifanizo cha madzi. Fotokozani zokopa zonse za kopita alendo otchuka wa Pamudzi n'zokayikitsa m'nkhani limodzi.

Vicenza akutchedwa mzinda wa Andrea Palladio ulemu anabwera kuno momwe mnyamata wa namatetule wamkulu, amene anamanga apa nyumba otchuka, amene akhala kunyada kwa Italy.

Tiyeni tione dziko nyumba, m'gulu Heritage World ndi UNESCO mu 1994, amene amadziwika ngati La Rotonda (Villa Rotunda). Vicenza Palladio kumanzere cholowa kwa namatetule ntchito yomanga ndi mamangidwe a mzinda Italy kalekale kugwirizana ndi dzina la mbuye kwambiri.

zomangamanga namatetule

ntchito zake mu mwala konse mobwerezabwereza ngakhale ang'ono kukongoletsa zinthu ndi munthu.

Analenga katswiri zambiri wamanga dziko lokha, yemwe dzina ankatchedwa kalembedwe (Palladian), ndinkakhulupirira kuti aliyense nyumba chikuwoneka zaphindu kwambiri pa chiŵerengero olondola lonse ndi mbali mu izo. Ndipo palibe kuchuluka kwa mizati chokongoletsedwa ndi mafano yapamwamba, arches wachisomo sikungathetseretu nyumba yokongola.

chosokonekera mfundo

Andrea Di Pietro, ankadziwika ndi alias monga palladium (m'malo mwa mulungu Greek Sitimayo inagunda Athena), osati mwangozi kwambiri nthawi kuphunzira nyumba wakale wa mzinda. Kupanga zina zachidule nyumba ndi akachisi, iye anamvetsa chifukwa chake anali wokongola kwambiri. Kuyeza wamphamvu ndime mlengi anapeza kuti isanafike erection kwa mbuye anachita zovuta masamu.

Palladio anazindikira kuti mfundo chosokonekera kuti mapulani a zaka kale anali ofunika. Mbali imodzi ya kapangidwe aliyense likumakumana wina, ndi kuti kuwataya mu mawonekedwe a mabwalo ndi mabwalo. Kusanthula dongosolo amakona anayi, wazomangamanga anapeza kuti mosamala pano kwambiri anafika chiwerengero lamanja la m'litali ndi m'lifupi.

The nyumba, umene wakhala chitsanzo

Villa Rotonda, ataima pa phiri, ngati kutchalitchi, monyadira ataliatali pa Vicenza. Pambuyo ntchito unayamba kuonekera nyumba okhwima kwa olemekezeka English anamanga pa chithunzi ichi, ndipo ankaona buku otchuka kwambiri Sophia (Voznesensky) Cathedral mu Tsarskoye Selo.

Iyi ndi nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri ya ntchito yomanga nyumba payekha, kubwereza mtundu wa kutchalitchi wakale. kufanana uyu waoneka chifukwa cha masitepe lonse, ziboliboli milungu wakale ndi mzikiti kuti zimabweretsa Kugwirizana ndi Aroma "kachisi wa milungu yonse" - pa Pantheon.

zazikulu fano

About ziboliboli ofunika ponena payokha. M'buku lake anatchula ochepa ojambula zithunzi Italy yemwe ankagwira naye ntchito ndi kulenga ziboliboli zazikulu. Ziwerengero kuti wamanga ankakonda kuika pafupi ndi makwerero, nthawi zonse zoyenda. Izi si mwachizolowezi mazira silhouette lililonse chithunzi ngati mafunde akupereka moyo mu nyumbayi wonse.

Mbiri ya nyumba

Villa Rotonda pafupi Vicenza anamanga malamulo a chigawo golide, analengedwa nyumba yolemekezeka kwa Paolo Almerico, ndipo atafa katswiri wa zomangamanga adamaliza ntchito kutsirizitsa kwa wophunzira wake luso V. Scamozzi kwa eni watsopano - Capra abale.

Ife tikudziwa mbiri ya ntchito yomanga chidwi chachikulu mzindawo. Kwa wamanga Mwamunayu amene anasamukira Vicenza anatembenuka wansembe, amene analota za nyumba wangwiro. Kwakung'ono zonse mitundu zojambula pomwepo anazindikira kuti monga maziko lalikulu, lomwe adzalowa bwalo.

Mu 1566 Palladio, amene amakhulupirira kuti okongola kwambiri ndi zinthu zing'onozing'ono, anayamba sewero la nyumba m'tsogolo. Zikomo kuti amange kaluso ka osiyana Villa chosokonekera wangwiro: Round Hall linalembedwa mu lalikulu ndi.

Nyumba yoyamba ndi mzikiti mu dziko

Luntha Master akuwonetseredwa mu chakuti onse mfundo kukongoletsa chibadidwe zomangamanga kachisi, mwangwiro ziziwayendera mu nyumba payekha ndi kupereka kukongola wapadera. A m'munsi inali yofunika kwambiri pa nyumba zachipembedzo, ndi kumanga nyumba ndi boma, izo sanaiwale za Andrea Palladio.

Villa Rotonda pafupi Vicenza anakhala yoyamba yadziko Kubadwa Kwatsopano nyumba chokongoletsedwa mzikiti wosemedwa izo otsegula imene holo yaikulu ndi dzuwa.

Kapangidwe akunja amadziwa mogwirizana ndi kukongola kwa mkati. Pakuti kupenta mkati tinaitanidwa amisiri aluso, chokongoletsedwa denga ndi makoma ndi frescoes pa mitu m'nthano ndi nthano za moyo Almerico wansembe.

Kuphweka m'zonse

Villa Rotonda, nalemekeza dzina la namatetule Italy padziko lonse, imakhala pamakoma zinayi zofanana azinga ozungulira chapakati wozungulira holo. Chachikulu ankatha masitepe, parapets limene lili ziboliboli mwala uli wapakamwa, chokongoletsedwa Kukhonde ndi mizati isanu ndi pediments.

Zambiri pa Koyamba, njira mapulani popanda frills iliyonse maonekedwe a nyumbayi woyengedwa komanso yokongola.

Poyamba, mapulani wakale wa pakhonde panali amamangiriridwa yekha wapakamwa zazikulu, ndi Palladio anamuka miyambo inkakhazikitsidwa, kupanga Villa symmetrical mbali zonse.

Kugwirizana kwa chilengedwe ndi mapulani chaluso

Pamene angagwiritse nyumbayo zimene zimachitikadi ake kwambiri namatetule Andrea Palladio. Villa Rotonda, anamanga miyambo yabwino ya kachisi wakale Chili mwangwiro ndi malo ozungulira. The wamanga kwakukuru katswiri luso la mitundu wachisomo mapulani mogwirizana ndi lokongola, popeza odzipereka luso limeneli ku mapulani wakale.

Mu buku lake, iye anavomereza kuti mwadala zolengedwa ochuluka a malo okongola kwambiri, zomwe mungathe kungoganiza. wolemba wakhala akatulukire kwa chikhalidwe, ndipo aliyense wa ntchito wake kwathunthu anaphatikizidwa mogwirizana.

Lowunikira Goethe nyumba

Villa Rotonda mu Vicenza nthawizonse wakhala chidwi kwambiri. Ndi mwaluso wapadera sakanakhoza kukomana ambiri, ndipo Goethe anali nazonso. chidwi kwambiri mu masiku amakedzana German ndakatulo anabwera Italy naye amasirira ntchito za Palladio. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti kukongola chodabwitsa zomera n'chotheka mu munthu, tenepo iye adenda kuna Vicenza.

Mu 1786, mutapita kunyumba anamusilira Goethe analemba zolemba wake: "Villa Rotunda - nyumba zazikulu, yomwe ili pa phiri kwabasi. Zikuoneka kuti patsogolo zomangamanga ndi sanalole kuti mwanaalirenji. Mbali ya nyumba akufanana kachisi. Amazipanga zipinda okongola ndi holo yaikulu. Mwiniwake wa nyumbayi, kuonekera mfundoyi, kumanzere kwa mbadwa chipilala lenileni. "

kusintha eni

Mu June 1912, a Villa Rotonda amasintha manja. Anakhala banja Valmarana ndikukhumba kuti adzabwezeretsa mukudabwa mapulani. Professor Mario zomangamanga yemwe anamwalira mu 2010, zaka 60 kuonetsetsa kuti amamuonera fano limene amadziwika m'nthawi. Mu 1980, dera anakhala lotseguka kwa anthu, ndipo pa masiku ena, mukhoza timudziwe bwino ulemerero mkati.

Lero ndi mwini wake wa Villa Valmarana Lodovico, kukhazikitsa thumba lapadera.

Akatswiri ambiri ntchito za mmisiri Italy amakhulupirira kuti pachimake cha luso lake ndi yaikulu Villa Rotonda. Palladio zopezeka mapulani izo wake odzitukumula ndiponso anasonyeza mfundo za kamangidwe chosokonekera.

Zitsanzo kalembedwe ndi mwangwiro proportioned uliwonse mlendo ndi chikhumbokhumbo yosalephera timudziwe bwino ntchito zina mbuye, amene ali m'chigawo cha mzinda muli.