"Volga" (makina): history, specifications lachitsanzo

"Volga" - galimoto kuti analengedwa pa za Gorky galimoto Bzalani, chifukwa chimene zitsanzo ndi dzina lomweli GAZ. The makina choyamba anamasulidwa mu 1956, yotsirizira linatulutsidwa mu 2010 zitsanzo za "Volga" anagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nzika wamba, mu misonkhano takisi, monga magalimoto nduna boma, ena anapanga ntchito yapadera ndi mabungwe monga KGB.

Kukonza galimoto

Woyamba "Volga" - GAZ 21, adayamba adagulung'undisa mu 1956. Ngakhale zili choncho, iye nthawi zonse ntchito mu filimu, ndipo lero angapezeke mu matepi lero. Anthu ambiri zikondwerero mayiko zisudzo anapereka choyenera mphoto ndicho magalimoto a mtundu uwu. Pa nthawi imeneyo, galimoto a kalasi umafunika, koma anali ndi ndalama pafupifupi, amene anamupatsa kugula ngakhale nzika olemera kwambiri Soviet Union.

Patapita nthawi, zinadziwika kuti ambiri wodziwika ndi zapadera pa nthawi yomweyo galimoto ndi "Volga".

Kodi kuyamba nkhani "Volga"?

Car "Volga" (ngakhale mkati mwa zitsanzo woyamba anali yabwino kwambiri ndi omasuka) patapita nthawi yaitali chitukuko pamaso pa ogula angathe anaonekera ndi kusinthidwa mawonekedwe. Pa nthawi imeneyo, kapangidwe ndi specifications a kuloŵedwa m'malo - "Kupambana", zogwirizana ndi zofuna za m'nthawi yake. Komabe, ndi 50 chaka TH tsiku ake kalembera, ndipo nkhani idzathetsedwe ndi injini - izo kwambiri zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo mu makhalidwe awo ku mayunitsi dziko kutsogolera. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anayamba kukhala ndi galimoto latsopano (icho chinachitika mu 1953). Patatha chaka chimodzi ndi zinachitika woyamba adagulung'undisa pa "Volga". zodziwikiratu ndi makina - iye mitundu iwiri ya HIV yapangidwa.

Luso zaluso ya nthawi

Polingalira makhalidwe luso galimoto "Volga" (review ya galimoto kwambiri maganizo awo pa kusintha ake general), tikuona kuti mwa mokoma chidwi kumeneko SSC. Chifukwa dongosolo kondomu, pamene inu alemba pa mafuta enieni ngo imatumizidwa mizere mafuta. mfundo ndi yakuti, pamene akumidzi kumene makamaka imodzi yayikulu kutali msewu, dalaivala nthawi zambiri anasiyiratu ena zinthu kuyimitsidwa. DSS kumathandiza nthaŵi zosasangalatsa. Komabe, mmodzi drawback kwambiri ya dongosolo anali kuti inalengeza kusiya kuda mafuta pena paliponse. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ntchito ya DSS anakana.

GAZ 23

Mbiri yakale, pafupifupi onse mphamvu ya boma mu USSR anapita chimodzimodzi kuti "Volga". Ena specifications luso sanakwaniritse ziyeneretso awo. Choncho, Mlengi ali ankaona ndemanga iliyonse, chifukwa zipatso "Volga" chitsanzo aona kusintha kwakukulu. Ndi 1962, injini 160-HP anaikidwa pa makina atsopano, anatengedwa kuchokera "The mbalameyi." kufala Makinawa ndi chiwongolero anaiika wapadera chitsanzo cha GAZ 23, amene ali bwinobwino yokhazikika ya dziko anali palibe. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kasitomala chitsanzo umenewu wakhala KGB. Car kulemedwa 100 makilogalamu oposa chimake zofunika. pamwamba liwiro lake - 160 Km / h. Mpaka 100 Km / h galimoto ndi omwazika kwa kwenikweni 16 masekondi. Kusintha dongosolo ananyema sanali.

GAZ 21: Choyamba Series

"Volga" galimoto chitsanzo GAZ 21, mndandanda woyamba linaperekedwa m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi. Mu 1956, msonkhano mzere anapita atatu oyambirira galimoto chitsanzo. Mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka chomwecho, makope 5 zinalembedwa. Only kuyambira 1957 wayamba kupanga zikuluzikulu.

chiwerengero cha zitsanzo za mtundu "Volga", woyamba magalimoto zino, kwa zaka zonse kumasulidwa anafika Zolembedwa 30 chikwi.. Masiku ano "Volga ndi nyenyezi" mu kasinthidwe choyambirira sizinawakhudze, ambiri a magalimoto ndi moyo kwa mndandanda wachiwiri kapena wachitatu. Ikufotokoza kufunika okwezeka ndi zingati zoterozo m'chipani.

Mbali noticeable ija ndi chida gulu ali penapake zachilendo - izo sindifika sprayed kapena chuma chilichonse. Mu chikhalidwe ichi, anali kubwera kwa 1958. Ena zitsanzo analibe wonyong'onya mtundu, koma zida ndalama pang'ono zodula.

GAZ 21: Chachiwiri Series

Cars amene chikalata kuchokera 1958 mpaka 1959., ambiri amatchedwa "Transitional" ndipo anabadwira 1959-1962. - ndi "zino yachiwiri". Model "Volga" m'badwo wotsatira anali kusintha kunja kuposa zoweta. Mapiko ndapeza mawonekedwe osiyana chifukwa kukula kuwonjezeka kwa arches gudumu. Kwenikweni, ngati inu kuyang'anitsitsa, muona kuti kamangidwe ka GAZ 21 wafika akufanana ndi zinachitika 55 chaka. Sitingathe kunena kuti wamakono galimoto kwathunthu anasiya, koma kusintha anali wamng'ono ndipo si lalikulu - specifications luso sizinasinthe, maonekedwe a chipinda zonyamula wofanana.

Amasonyeza, ndi kusinthidwa chida gululi ndi zaluso zina anaonekera yekha kwa 1959. Ngati inu mumawerengera zitsanzo zonse zimene zakhala anamasulidwa (ndi zida), mungathe kutiuza ndendende zomwe anachoka khamu mzere, oposa 140 zikwi. Zolembedwa.

GAZ 21: Chachitatu Series

Agwire m'badwo woyamba wa restyling Mlengi si njira zomveka, kotero makina anaonekera pamaso pa omvetsera mu mawonekedwe pang'ono anasandulika. Zochita za "Volga" ali pafupifupi sanasinthe - yekha bampala anasintha, thupi, adaonjezeredwa ena zinthu kuwamaliza.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, maonekedwe galimoto lasintha kwambiri. Model, amatchedwa "mndandanda wachitatu" pa msonkhano mzere inayamba mu 1962 ndipo ali ndi nkhope Baibulo pachiyambi.

Maonekedwe makina mowirikiza modernized, komanso kumbali luso Mlengi sanaiwale. Pang'onopang'ono, unit wakhala wamphamvu kwambiri, banal absorbers ndalezo mantha n'kuyamba ndi telescopic, ndipo Baibulo ndi kufala basi ndi kunja kupanga.

GAZ 24: Choyamba Series

Mbali ya mndandanda woyamba wa galimoto "Volga" GAZ 24 zitsulo bampala, amene anali manambala chrome, nyali thupi tebulo ndi amasonyeza kuseri kwa mpando Sofa, wopangidwa mwa 3 mbali, zitseko, kapena m'malo mapanelo awo ndi chitsanzo pamalo ofukula, chida gululi mu wakuda zokuzira ndi lamba wogwirizira.

Mlengi nthawi zonse poyera kuti makina ena kusintha kochepa, monga cha 1975 galimoto anataya zowalamulira basi zimakupiza kutsegula (chifukwa cha ntchito wosakhazikika). Patapita kanthawi, galasi kumbuyo anali maonekedwe osiyana pang'ono, thunthu ali odalirika ndi omasuka m'linga, riboni speedometer wakhala m'malo mwa oyimba muyezo.

GAZ 24: Chachiwiri Series

Car "Volga" GAZ 24 chinaperekedwa kwa kusintha kwakukulu pa 1976-1978. Kumasulidwa kwa makina ndi zosintha zimenezi angatchedwe amasulidwe mndandanda chachiwiri.

mbadwo watsopano wa bumpers analandira "kulumidwa", nyali, oyenera galimoto chifunga mu malo, magetsi ndi amasonyeza. The kanyumba komanso zasintha. zinthu zachitsulo kuti ali wotayika kuopseza thanzi la anthu, munali ndi zoteteza akalowa pulasitiki pa chitseko panali chithunzi lathu malo. Mlengi anawonjezera malamba malo amodzi, kotero kuti kunali koyenera kuchotsa armrests. mipando ndi watsopano (bwino) upholstery mu zitsanzo GAZ-24. "Volga", m'badwo wachiwiri wa galimoto, osabala zaka zingapo - mpaka 1985.

GAZ 24: Chachitatu Series

The linanena bungwe la mndandanda wachitatu zinali zodzaza ndi kukweza latsopano limene anali kwakukulu ndi yokulirapo. M'badwo wotsatira wa galimoto - GAZ-24-10 - anaonekera pa msika mu zaka za m'ma 1980.

nthawi iyi, Mlengi ali ankaona kuti n'koyenera pang'onopang'ono atchule zinthu zatsopano. The ndondomeko ya kusintha kwakukulu kunachitika mu 1970, pamene ilo linasinthidwa grille, mpaka 1987 kuti chaka chatha kale opangidwa ndi sedani kusinthidwa, lomwe linali zokongoletsa angapo Mabaibulo a m'mbuyomu a mtundu wa magalimoto "Volga". makina imayenera dzina (zosavomerezeka) GAZ-24M.

Mndandanda lachitatu m'gulu osati chitsanzo pamwamba, komanso GAZ-2410. mwina anali kuwagwiritsa ntchito Serviced boma :. zipatala, sukulu, etc. Iwo anayamba kupanga ali pafupifupi kuyambira 1976, pamene anazindikira anali kokha mu 1982 Ndipotu, patapita kanthawi zinaonekeratu kuti chitsanzo ichi chidzakhala woyambitsa wa magalimoto atsopano pansi pa dzina la "Volga". Galimoto zinalengedwa mpaka 1992 ndipo kenako m'malo mwa zayamba ofanana ndi khamulo, koma pansi pa dzina GAZ-31029. Kusiyana pakati pa iwo ndi yekhayo mu mtundu wa wagawo ndi mawonekedwe a thupi.