Ya ndulu ntchito ku chimbudzi

Ya ndulu - ndi chinsinsi maselo chiwindi hepatocyte. Iwo amasonkhana ducts yaing'ono ya ndulu, kenako akulowa ritsa wamba ndi mu izo - ndi ndulu 12 ndi duodenum. Nchito mtembo wa ya ndulu n'zofunika. Imodzi mwa ntchito yake yaikulu - izo zochitika pa njira ya chimbudzi.

Kodi ya ndulu awasungira?

The chikhodzodzo ndulu ndi thanki yosungirako chifukwa ya ndulu. Pa gawo yogwira chimbudzi, pamene kunja kwa m'mimba mu duodenum 12 akulowa pang'ono m'mimba chakudya, pali allocated kuchuluka ake pazipita. Ntchito yaikulu ya anthu ya ndulu - gawo ku chimbudzi ndi kukondoweza kwa ntchito secretory ndi motility za m'mimba ang'ono, amene amaonetsetsa processing chakudya bolus.

Ya ndulu, amene anamasulidwa mu kapepala m'mimba ya ndulu, otchedwa okhwima ndi anamasulidwa mwachindunji chiwindi - achichepere, kapena chiwindi.

Ndondomeko ndi biliary excretion wa ya ndulu

The ndondomeko ya kupoletsa ndi hepatocytes chinsinsi (cholepoiesis) limapezeka mosalekeza. Iwo anagwira mndandanda wa zinthu zosefera magazi capillaries ya ndulu. Komanso, chifukwa reabsorption wa madzi ndi mchere salt inadzachitika mapangidwe yomaliza ya zikuchokera madzi ndi secretory. Zimenezi anachita mu ducts ya ndulu ndi ndulu. Mbali ya ndulu ya zimapita mwachindunji ku intestine, iwo amatchedwa kwa chiwindi kapena wamng'ono. Koma misa kwenikweni ndi anapeza mu ndulu, chimene chimatichititsa pamodzi ducts ya ndulu. Ndulu ya ndulu amasonkhana, kumakhaladi wakuda ndi kulimbikira. Ndi akuda kuposa chiwindi.

Masana, maselo chiwindi akuluakulu kubala za awiri malita a secretions. Kusala iye nkomwe akulowa intestine. Postprandial biliary excretion amapezeka (holekinez) 12-duodenum. Pali zochita ya ndulu monga m'mimba ndi, komanso bacteriostatic ndi zolimbana. E. Njira yokha ndi yang'anira kupanga ya ndulu ndi biliary excretion.

Choncho, m'pamenenso ya ndulu zidulo anamasulidwa mu makope zipata (mtsempha zipata), ndi apamwamba maganizo awo mu ya ndulu zikuchokera ndi moyenera, zochepa apanga ndi hepatocytes. Ntchito ya ya ndulu ndi pancreatic madzi zofunika chimbudzi.

zikuchokera ya ndulu

The chigawo chachikulu cha asidi ya ndulu ndi cholic. Ambiri (67%) - ndi asidi cholic ndi chenodeoxycholic. Otsala asidi - sekondale, ie, opangidwa kuchokera ku zidulo awiri awa: deoxycholic, alloholievaya, lithocholic ndi ursodeoxycholic ...

ya ndulu zidulo ali opezeka mu chinsinsi mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala ndi taurine ndi glycine. The zili yambiri soda ndi potaziyamu ayoni apereka zamchere anachita ya ndulu.

Komanso, zikuchokera ya ndulu zina zinthu organic :

• Phospholipids.
• Mapuloteni mankhwala, ndicho immunoglobulins A ndi M.
• Bilirubin ndi biliverdin (ya ndulu inki).
• Mafuta.
• Mucin.
• Lecithin.

Komanso, ayoni zitsulo zina (nthaka, mkuwa, kutsogolera, magnesium, indium, Mercury), mavitamini A, B, C.

zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse pamwamba ndi mbali ya chiwindi ndulu ndi ya ndulu, koma ndi za maulendo 5 poyerekeza maganizo awo choyamba kuposa wachiwiri.

ya ndulu ntchito

Iwo makamaka zokhudza ntchito pa mundawo m'mimba. ya ndulu ntchito mu chimbudzi kugwirizana ndi mndandanda wa zochita enzymatic.

1. Imawalamulira pali emulsification kunyama, motero mutsogolo mayamwidwe awo.
2. Iwo neutralizes kuipa kwa pepsin (chapamimba madzi chigawo chachikulu), amene angathe kuwononga michere pancreatic.
3. Imayendetsa ndi motility za m'mimba yaing'ono.
4. Zimathandiza yopanga ntchofu.
5. Gastrointenstialnyh imayendetsa ulimi wa mahomoni, secretin ndi cholecystokinin, amene amapangidwa ndi maselo za m'mimba kakang'ono ndipo amathandiza kuti lamulo katulutsidwe a kapamba.
6. Chindiletsa guluu wolimba (guluu wolimba) mabakiteriya ndi mbali proteinaceous.
7. Ilinso ndi zotsatira antiseptic pa matumbo ndi kumatanthauza mapangidwe ndowe.

Choncho, ntchito ya ya ndulu ku chimbudzi sangathe n'kofunika. Ndi chifukwa ya ndulu m'mimba ndondomeko, mudayamba m'mimba, akupitiriza ndipo itha intestine bwinobwino.

phindu ya ndulu kwa thupi

Kotero, ife tinapeza kuti Ntchito yaikulu ya ya ndulu kugwirizana ndi kugaya chakudya. Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani ngati pazifukwa zina, kusintha zikuchokera ya ndulu kapena iye samalowa thirakiti m'mimba? Kuperewera kapena kupanda kumabweretsa pathologies lalikulu:

• Cholelithiasis.
• Steatorrhea.
• Gastroesophageal Reflux matenda (GERD), ndipo ena.

cholelithiasis

kudwala Izi zingachitike chifukwa ndi zikuchokera akamakonda ya ndulu. Zimenezi zimatchedwa lithogenic ya ndulu. katundu chotero izo zikhoza kukhala pa zolakwa zonse mu chakudya, ndicho ngati chakudya chimakhala chogwidwa ndi nyama mafuta. chiwindi ya ndulu ntchito mododoma chifukwa cha matenda endocrine. Komanso, lithogenic katundu wa katulutsidwe kwa chiwindi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha matenda a zamadzimadzi kagayidwe, amene zambiri limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka mu thupi. Chifukwa kusintha kwa ya ndulu zikuchokera ungathenso opatsirana ndi poizoni chiwindi kuwonongeka kapena moyo insufficiently yogwira (asamapereke).

stearrhea

Monga tanena ntchito kugwirizana ndi ya ndulu emulsification wa mafuta. Ngati pazifukwa zina ya ndulu ikutha kuyenda mu intestine yaing'ono kuyamwa mafuta sizichitika, ndipo iwo anayamba kuima mu chimbudzi. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi akusowa mu katulutsidwe kwa chiwindi zidulo ya ndulu (kusintha kapangidwe kake). Mu nkhani iyi, ndowe limakhala loyera kapena imvi aliwonse kugwirizana. kudwala iyi akutchedwa steatorrhea. Ndi matenda, thupi alibe mafuta okwanira zofunika zidulo mafuta ndi mavitamini. Chifukwa steatorrhea zowawa m'munsi matumbo, T. Kwa. Iwo ndinazolowera chyme amenewa.

Kodi kufufuza ya ndulu?

Pofuna kufufuza kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya ya ndulu, anagwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri fractional mmatumbo intubation. njirayi imakhala masitepe asanu;

1. Woyambira katulutsidwe wa ya ndulu - ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa wamba ya ndulu ritsa 12 katulutsidwe ndi mmatumbo chilonda. Chimakhala mphindi 15.
2. Secretory gawo kuyimitsa kapena chatsekedwa sphincter wa Oddi. Kutalika kwa gawo lino ndi mphindi 3.
3. Gawo kulekana kwa yotsalira gawo A. ya ndulu kumatenga za 5 Mphindi.
4. Gawo kulekana ndulu ya ndulu mbali B. nthawi imeneyi imatenga pafupifupi 30 Mphindi.
5. Kudzipatula ya ndulu kwa chiwindi - gawo S. gawo Izi kumatenga pafupifupi mphindi 20.

Choncho, gawo 3 la ya ndulu. Onsewo ali osiyana mu zikuchokera. Kwambiri moyikirapo ya ndulu vesical - gawo B. Lili kuchuluka kwambiri zidulo mafuta, bilirubin, ndi mbali zina ya ndulu.

Njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuphunzira kudziwa thupi katundu wa ya ndulu, kapangidwe kake, kuchuluka kwa chikhodzodzo ndulu, chikhalidwe cha mundawo biliary , ndi kudziwa kutanthauzira kwa ndondomeko pathological.