Zamadzimadzi kagayidwe: zigawo zikuluzikulu kagayidwe mafuta

Zamadzimadzi kagayidwe - ndi kagayidwe kunyama ndi mafuta monga mankhwala. Kusinthana zamadzimadzi imakhala njira zinayi: akuwaza, mayamwidwe, wapakatikati ndi kuphana komaliza.

Zamadzimadzi kagayidwe: chimbudzi. lipids kwambiri, zomwe zili mbali ya chakudya chosakanikirana ndi thupi pambuyo chimbudzi isanafike. Mu zochita za timadziti m'mimba, ali hydrolyzed (lamamatira) mu mankhwala chosavuta (glycerol, apamwamba mafuta zidulo, sterols, zidulo phosphoric, zapansi nitrogenous, alcohols apamwamba, etc.) ali odzipereka mucous nembanemba wa ngalande alimentary.

The chakudya m'kamwa munali lipids, umakaniko kudula, wosanganiza, wasambitsa ndi malovu ndi lidzasinthidwa kathakal chakudya. Ong'ambika chakudya misa kupyolera kholingo akulowa m'mimba. Apa iwo kusakaniza ndi adzalowerera madzi muzituluka. madzi chapamimba lili lipolytic enzyme - lipase, amene angathe kugwetsa mafuta emulsification. Chakudya kuchokera m'mimba kuti misa ku mbali yaing'ono kulowa duodenum, jejunum, ndiyeno ileum lapansi. Apa itha ndondomeko komanso yogawanika ndi lipids ndi chosakanikirana ndi zinthu zawo hydrolysis. The zamadzimadzi akuwaza nawo ya ndulu, madzi pancreatic ndi madzi matumbo.

Ya ndulu - ziri chinsinsi chimene apanga ndi hepatocytes. The zikuchokera ya ndulu monga ya ndulu zidulo, ndi inki, kudzitsitsa katundu wa hemoglobin, mucin, mafuta m'thupi, lecithin, mafuta, ena michere, mahomoni, etc. Ya ndulu chikutenga nawo mbali mu emulsification wa lipids, chimbudzi chawo ndi mayamwidwe; amalimbikitsa peristalsis yachibadwa ya matumbo ndi; akusonyeza zotsatira bactericidal pa microflora ndi matumbo. Ya ndulu zidulo ndi apanga kwa mafuta m'thupi. Mafuta asidi kuchepetsa mavuto padziko m'malovu mafuta emulsifying iwo Zimachititsa katulutsidwe wa madzi pancreatic, komanso yambitsa zimene michere ambiri. Mu intestine yaing'ono misa chakudya seep madzi pancreatic, amene limapangidwa ndi sodium hydrogencarbonate ndi lipolytic michere: lipase, esterase, phospholipase, phosphatase, etc.

Zamadzimadzi kagayidwe: mayamwidwe. Ambiri a lipids odzipereka mu mmunsi mwa duodenum ndi chapamwamba jejunum matumbo. chakudya zamadzimadzi chimbudzi mankhwala anatenga epithelium wa villi lapansi. The suction padziko maselo zaminyewa chinawonjezeka ndi microvilli. Chomaliza zamadzimadzi hydrolysis mankhwala zigwirizana particles ka mafuta, di- ndi monoglycerides zidulo apamwamba mafuta, glycerol, glycerophosphate, zapansi nitrogenous, mafuta m'thupi, alcohols apamwamba ndi asidi phosphoric. Mu m'mimba michere lipolytic ali kwina. m'matumbo ntchofu lili pang'ono phospholipids. Mafuta, amene si mawere, yafupika ndowe koprosterina.

Zamadzimadzi kagayidwe: wapakatikati kuwombola. Mu lipids izo ali zina kuti pa choona kuti intestine kakang'ono basi pambuyo pa malonda suction fission amapezeka resynthesis lipids chibadidwe munthu.

Zamadzimadzi kagayidwe: komaliza kuwombola. The yaikulu mapeto mankhwala a kagayidwe zamadzimadzi ndi mpweya woipa komanso madzi. Yotsirizira chapadera mbali ya mkodzo ndi thukuta, mwina ndowe, wotuluka tikamapuma mpweya. Mpweya woipa adzamasulidwa makamaka m'mapapo. Kusinthanitsa komaliza kwa magulu ena a lipids ali makhalidwe yake.

Matenda a kagayidwe zamadzimadzi. Zamadzimadzi kagayidwe anawawidwa matenda ambiri opatsirana, olanda ndipo sanali opatsirana. The kudwala a kagayidwe zamadzimadzi anati kulakwila lamulo neurohumoral wa njira chimbudzi cha mayamwidwe, biosynthesis ndi lipolysis. Mwa matenda a kagayidwe zamadzimadzi zambiri kulembetsa kunenepa.

Kunenepa - kumakhala kutengera ziwonjezeke kwambiri mu thupi chifukwa kuchuluka mafuta mafunsidwe a minofu subcutaneous ndipo zimakhala ena thupi ndi danga intercellular. Mafuta ali waikamo mkati maselo mafuta mu mawonekedwe a triglycerides. chiwerengero cha maselo mafuta si kukula koma kumawonjezera yekha buku awo. Ndi hypertrophy izi maselo mafuta ndi chinthu chachikulu kunenepa.