Zambiri Funso: Kodi amatchedwa "slushalka" madokotala?

Today madokotala matenda a mtima, angayambe zosiyanasiyana mayesero zasayansi ndi njira zina matenda. Mwatsoka, zaka 100 zapitazo, madokotala analibe limodzi la magawo khumi la zipangizo zimenezo zimene iwo akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pompano. Komabe, m'zaka za m'ma 19 panali pafoniyo wapadera kumvetsera kwa mtima ndi kupuma wodwalayo. Komabe, pamene anthu ochepa ankadziwa dzina la "slushalka" madokotala, ndi bwino mmene chimagwirira ntchito. Koma chipangizo imeneyi, zina, kumathandiza dokotala kudziwa bwino zimene likukuvutitsani wodwalayo.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu 1816 amapezerapo mwayi chinachake ngati stethoscope ano anaganiza French dokotala René Laennec pa anayendera dona mfulu. Monga iye ananena kuti, chifukwa cha msinkhu, kugonana, ndi kukwaniritsa mkazi sakanatha kupanga matenda. Ubwenzi yosavuta khutu kwa nganga sanapereke zotsatira. Laennec ndiye anaganiza falitsani chabe mu mapepala chubu. Zimenezi zinamuthandiza kudziwa arrhythmia ake mtima.

mapepala kenako apangidwe kwa chubu pepala m'malo, yopapatiza pakati ndi kukhala yophunzitsa pa malekezero onse. Pankhaniyi, mmodzi wa iwo onse ndi akubwereza mawonekedwe a khutu lanu. Zimenezi zimathandiza madokotala kumva bwino phokoso mu m'mapapo ndi mtima phokoso. Stethoscope - kuti dzina "slushalka" madokotala a nthawi imeneyo. amakono tione wake omwewo komanso dzina la stethoscope anali kale pafupi ndi 20 atumwi. Munthu woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito oterewa yotamandika kwambiri Russian dokotala Nikolay Sergeevich Korotkov.

The chipangizo cha stethoscope zamakono

Stethoscope, lomwe lili pamwamba chithunzi, ali 3 mbali yaikulu: mutu nembanemba, amene amakulitsa kulira, kulira, kuchititsa chubu ndi azitona nsonga kwa makutu dokotala. ntchito yake yaikulu ili kuti, mosiyana stethoscope, ndi limakupatsani kumvera mafurikwense apamwamba, zomwe zimachititsa kuti chofunika kwambiri pa pulmonology. Komabe, kwa matenda olondola ndi madokotala ayenera kumvera phokoso otsika-pafupipafupi. Choncho, padaonekera chida kuti Chili katundu zipangizo zonse. Pa dzanja limodzi pali nsonga ya Kakhungu, ndi zina - palibe. Choncho, yankho loyenera ku funso la dzina "slushalka" madokotala - microstethophone. Ngakhale ngakhale madokotala, mawu sikawirikawiri ntchito, kuchepetsa ndi bwino - stethoscope.

Ntchito steto- ndi stethoscope

Onse 3 chipangizo ntchito madokotala lero. Zoopseza, omwe limatchula odwala zosiyanasiyana matenda. Mwachitsanzo, stethoscope ntchito kumvera mtima yoopsa. Ngakhale kuphweka ake, ili yodalirika ndiponso otetezeka njira kufufuza thanzi la mwanayo tsogolo. Koma palibe pulmonologist, internist ndi dokotala simungakhoze kuchita popanda Phonendoscopes, popeza ayenera choyamba oterewa. Mu cardiology, ambiri ntchito makina tonometer ndi stethoscope, amene amathandiza kuti azimvetsera mtima zikumveka, komanso kuyeza magazi.

Ndipotu, kwa wodwala yachibadwa si choncho ndikofunika kudziwa mmene amatchedwa "slushalka" madokotala. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chipangizo imeneyi yakhala zaka 100 kuthandiza madokotala mu ntchito yawo. Choncho, pa nthawi imeneyi, anthu ambiri anali kupeza ufulu ndi chithandizo yake. Ndi chofunika kwambiri kuposa chidziwitso cha aliyense wa mawu.