Zatsopano ndi ayezi kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu. Katundu wa chisanu ndi ayezi

Kuyesa zimatanthauza ananena zochitika zachilengedwe, bungwe pansi zinthu zapadera. Iwo akhoza kuchitika ku sukulu ya mkaka wa. Sanayambebe kupita kusukulu ndithu kuzimvetsa yekha limodzi lokha mawonetseredwe kunja mfundo za chilengedwe, komanso limasonyeza kwakulu pakati pa iwo.

Kodi tiyenera zinachitikira kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu?

Kodi dongosolo kumvetsa mphamvu ya mwana wa zaka sukulu ya mkaka? Zedi mokwanira, tikhoza kulankhula za limati zosiyanasiyana za nkhaniyi, zomwe zingawalimbikitse zina khalidwe la mlengalenga, katundu wa mchenga loyenda madzi ndi zina zotero.

Zokumana kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu kuthandiza mukhale kulingalira, mphamvu kuyerekeza ndi mfundo zolondola. Ana amaphunzira zopanga maganizo awo ndi kumbuyo.

Pa mtima wa aliyense wa iwo zikhazikitsidwe ntchito, kupezeka pa mwana kumayambiriro zimenezo. Ndipo ana ndondomeko ayenera kutengapo mbali. Mukukambirana nawo zotsatira alimbikitse sanayambebe kupita kusukulu amafotokoza maganizo paokha. Kudzera kuyesera losavuta ana zimene awerengazo ndalama ndithu makhalidwe madzi, dongo, mchenga ndi mamita P..

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani zimene zinachitikira ayezi ana sukulu ya mkaka, kufotokoza katundu wa madzi, komanso ena odziwika bwino za moyo wake - ayezi. Zingaoneke, madzi - lonse bwino ndi kabwerebwere mankhwala, koma mmene mwana osadziwika mungaphunzire njira zimenezo bwino kukonzekera!

Ice mu madzi otentha

Tiyeni tiyambepo. M'nthawi ya mayesero athu yokhudza moto ndi madzi, ndi matalala. Komanso mwapadera, ife tidzayesa kuphatikiza ayezi ndi madzi otentha. A zida zing'onozing'ono zimene tiyenera ichi, imakhala timachubu, burner mowa, sinker ndi madzi ozizira ndi ndalama zochepa ayezi. Ambiri, zatsopano ndi ayezi mu gulu akulu (kapena kukonzekera - ana kuwamvetsetsa koma zovuta) Kodi popanda ambiri zipangizo chipangizo ndi zida.

Kodi mwana pa nthawi zimenezo? Sanayambebe kupita kusukulu zambiri kale kuti mu otentha (osanenapo kuwira) madzi oundana amamuchititsa kusungunula msanga. Tiyeni n'kuyesayesa (adzakhala cholinga cha ife) - ndipo ngati zimenezi: madzi otentha ndi ayezi akhalabe olimba.

Monga kuyesera: kutenga mbale, mudzaze ndi madzi ndipo kenako kuponya chidutswa cha madzi oundana. Ndipo popeza opepuka kuposa madzi ndi amamuchititsa tiwolokere pamwamba akanikizire pansi mkuwa wake sinker, koma zidutswa za ayezi ayenera kukhala mbali atazunguliridwa ndi madzi.

Ndi moto ndi madzi, ayezi - samalani!

Ndiye, kumtunda kwa chubu kuyambira usavutike pa mowa lawi burner - kuti mbali chapamwamba yekha zace. Patapita kanthawi kakafupi nthawi madzi zithupsa - kuchokera chubu adzamasulidwa nthunzi. Koma chifukwa wagona pansi pa ayezi si kusungunula, kodi chozizwitsa cha chilengedwe?

Mochenjera ndi madzi otentha ndi okha pamwamba pa chubu, ndi pansi izo akadali ozizira, kuti si ayezi yathu "madzi otentha" ndi "pansi pa madzi otentha." Monga amadziwika tikamva kutenthetsa madzi amamuchititsa kukuza ndi mbandakucha kuwira madzi choncho sakuganiza kumira pansi ndi wothira madzi ozizira. Mwanjira otentha zigawo pamwamba ndi ozizira pansi zimachokeradi, kutenthetsa mmunsi mwa machubu angakhoze kokha mwa conduction, koma, monga amadziwika, chithunzi ichi madzi si kwambiri.

Mwa njira, zatsopano zophweka kwambiri ndi ayezi ndi matalala, momveka, ngakhale khanda kakang'ono - ndi kuunikira pa msewu kuseri kwa zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa chouluka. Ngati inu kutenga pepala wakuda veleveti ndi kupita kunja mu chisanu, amene anagwa zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa pa pepala chimadziwonetserako awo dongosolo langwiro crystalline. Atamuimika kwa kanthawi kochepa, ife kumvetsa bwino mmene kupanga ndondomeko ya chisanu.

Kwezani mlingo yozizira

Kuyetsa 2. Chidwi choti ayezi ndi idzachitika anthu paokhapaokha - mwana wawo wamwamuna kapena wamkazi. Tengani zidutswa ziwiri lalikulu ayezi ndi kukonzekera angapo makapu a koko otentha. Ndi yabwino prodelyvat kunyumba. Kuchokera pa zimene zinachitikazo? Ambiri mwina, mwana kale amadziwa mkangano bwalolo, mwachitsanzo, mphika wa msuzi.

Hot mpweya kukacha. Koma N'chimodzimodzinso ndi madzi, kumene bedi kwambiri mkangano nthawi zonse adzakhala pamwamba. Akumbutseni mwana wanu kuti msuzi padziko mbale ali nthawizonse motentha kuposa pansi.

Mu zolawa zathu, ife tipeza kumene ndendende ku ikani ayezi kwa kuzirala mofulumira madzi. Choncho, mwana wanu amakonda koko. Ngati ayi - chakumwa wina, amene anali wosangalala kumwa. Ikani wina wa zikho pa mbale ayezi, ndi chivundikiro zina monga chidutswa cha madzi oundana. Muuzeni mosamala pogwiritsa ntchito zala ndi lilime kupeza zimene a zikho za ndondomeko yozizira ikuyenda pa liwiro apamwamba, ndi kuyesa kuonetsa limodzi, chifukwa zimenezi.

Uzani pasadakhale - kwa kuziziritsa mofulumira kapu chachiwiri, amene anaphimba pamwamba ndi ayezi. Monga amadziwika, madzi ozizira ali katundu kutsika, motero mofulumira kusanganikirana zigawo.

Maluwa ya chisanu

Kuyesera 3. kukonza njira sopo ndi udzu. Ndi chiyambi cha zinachitikira ana ayenera kudziwa kuti zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa ndi timibulu tosaoneka ndi maso, mapangidwe amene chikuchitika mu mitambo nyengo yozizira. cholinga ndi zinachitikira athu adzakhala monga kuona mmene zimakhalira.

Kuchita zosowa zake kutuluka chipinda pa tsiku bwino frosty (kutentha ayenera kukhala otsika zokwanira). Pafupifupi onse zatsopano ndi ayezi kapena chisanu panja amafuna nyengo yozizira - m'firiji pamtunda sizigwira ntchito.

Yesani udzu kuwomba kuwira chachikulu. Chipale 'maluwa adzakhala anapanga pansi wosanjikiza woonda filimu ndi kukula bwino pamaso panu.

M'njiramo liyenera kusonyeza kuti ana ndi mapangidwe chisanu. Pangani ngakhale kosavuta - mu chisanu utenge pa msewu ndi kapu ya madzi otentha ndi kutseka pamwamba kuposa zitsulo aliyense Mwachitsanzo, chikuto cha poto. M'malovu nthunzi madzi otentha lidzakhalamo pa izo mwamsanga inasanduka mpweya frosty mibulu ya chisanu.

timakula icicles

Kuyesera 4. Tiyenera kutenga thermometer n'ngolondoladi ndi angagwirizanitse kuti mtengo wautali kuyeza kutentha pa padenga la nyumba yaing'ono, monga okhetsedwa kapena garaja, komanso pansi pa denga. Chidziwitso chofunika cha ana kumayambiriro zimenezo, ndi losavuta - pafupifupi ana onse chisanadze sukulu tsopano akudziwa kuti zabwino madzi kutentha chimasungunula ayezi anapangidwa negative.

Panthawi imeneyi, zatsopano wathu ndi ayezi adzalola kuphunzira mapangidwe icicles. Ndipo akafufuze chifukwa iwo kukula pa madenga, osati kwinakwake. Ndipo chifukwa ndondomeko ndi zambiri mofulumira dzuwa.

Mulimonsemo, onetsetsani kuti ana mukudziwa, kumene awa icicles wokongola. Mukhoza patsogolo kuwayang'ana iwo kukula pa madenga a zenera yapafupi, sankhani dzuwa tsiku bwino. Mukhale tcheru Ana chododometsa wa - chifukwa mu icicles latsopano ozizira si anapangidwa, ndipo ikukula mu dzuwa? Zingatanthauze kuti yozizira nyengo, wamkulu ayenera kupangidwa ayezi.

Ngati ana sangathe okha kumanga tawerenga unyolo maganizo, athandizeni. Ine ndinaganiza Inde idzakhala: zimene mukufuna kuti akatenge icicle? Choyamba, madzi, ndiyeno padziko kumene madzi amatha kukhetsa mitsinje yaing'ono. Ndipo, potsiriza, kutentha pa zimene kusintha kwa madzi mu ayezi. Kuphatikiza zinthu zitatu izi zimene zilipo, ngati maziko a kutentha zoipa amayamba konzekera dzuwa.

Kodi zimenezi zimachitika? Ndipo apa ndi izi: dzuwa likamatenthetsa denga atagona chisanu ndi ayezi kuti chimasungunula, ukuyenda mitsinje ya madzi pa nsonga ya denga poyera kuti kutentha dontho la zabwino negative. Limafotokoza kulumpha kuti dzuŵa kugwa padziko ndi yosalala ndi pang'ono mumbali mwa denga pansi pa ngodya kwambiri, chifukwa mu umodzi poyera kuti kutentha kwambiri ndi wabodza chisanu.

Kujambula chisanu mumtundu

Kuyesera 5. Tiyenera kupitiriza zatsopano wathu ndi chipale chofewa ndi matalala. Mudzikonzere nokha ndi nthawi ino ndi kuchuluka kwa mabotolo pulasitiki imene kuthira madzi otentha, ndi madzi ayenera zosasonyeza mtundu wake weniweni ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana gouache. Nkhata Bay aliyense botolo ayenera kubaya singano, kupanga dzenje yaing'ono.

Komanso, muyenera kutenga fosholo wa ana, ndi kuyang'ana kwa dera la munda pamalo ochepa yokutidwa ndi ngakhale wosanjikiza wa chisanu.

Chidziwitso wogwidwa ndi ana kumayambiriro zimenezo kwagona kuti zonse (kuphatikizapo chisanu ndi ayezi) wapangidwa particles waung'ono wotchedwa mamolekyulu. Mu zimenezo, timasonyeza kuti ana mmene penti zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu. Ndipo izo zimachitika chifukwa cha malowedwe a pigment mu kapangidwe ka chinthu chimene tikufuna azikongoletsa.

Kupita kukayenda pambuyo kunagwa chipale chofewa, pamene mayendedwe ndi yokutidwa ndi atsopano chisanu fluffy, kupereka mwana aliyense botolo ndi madzi akuda, otentha zokwanira nthawi yomweyo zii. Onani chimodzimodzi kumene chisanu anagona zigawo za makulidwe osiyana.

Kodi anawo kuti padziko zithunzi achikuda, kupopera madzi akuda. Ntchito iyi yokha ndi chidwi kwambiri. Mwina tisatengere ndondomeko kulenga, ndi ana simukufuna kukambirana mfundo za sayansi zinachitikira, koma si zoopsa. Jambulani, adzabwerera ku kuphunzira phunziro.

Ikupangira spatula kukweza chisanu ndi ana kulabadira chakuti makulidwe a wosanjikiza zolochedwa zimadalira kuchuluka kwa madzi anatsanulira ndi digiri ya snowdrift fluffy. Ngati tiyesa kujambula snowballs zothina kapena zovuta odzaza pamwamba, madzi akuda sangalowerere chozama kupitirira wosanjikiza ulemu. Zotsatira adzakhala bwino, chisanu kwambiri pa msewu.

Ife tifika ayezi bwino

Kuyesera 6. Stock pa madzi (yachibadwa, mchere ndi okoma). Choyamba, tiyeni ana kuti ngakhale kudziwa, madzi nyanja ndi mchere, koma ayezi padziko nyanja Arctic atsopano. Pa zimenezo, pamodzi ndi ana, ife tikupeza momwe kumasulidwa kwa madzi kuzizira zosafunika mu mawonekedwe a shuga ndi mchere.

Pakuti kuyesera, kukonzekera pasadakhale ochepa ayezi cubes. Aliyense wa iwo anachokera ku wokoma, mchere, ndipo ambiri madzi mosamala kuwaza mu theka. Funsani ana - amaona kuzizira madzi abwino kapena mchere, timachotsa ayezi chomwecho?

Ambiri mwina, inde. Koma ichi ndi cholakwika - kwenikweni analimbikitsa pa mapangidwe madzi oundana kamakhala kuchotsa zoipa ndi tizidutswa yachilendo. Kutsimikizira mawu anu ana kunyambita zidutswa ayezi ndi onetsetsani lako lamanja.

okhala m'madzi

Kuyesera 7. kuchita mayeso mudzakhala, kuwonjezera pa chipale anaphimba njanji pansi omveka ayezi chithaphwi. Ana ayenera mukudziwa kuti ndege mandala kulola ife kuti tikambirane zimene opaque pansi - M'malo mwake. Akumbutseninso kuti n'zotheka kufotokoza chitsanzo cha kapu.

Mu zimenezo, tidzayesetsa kuona zimene zikuchitika pansi pa matope kwambiri kapena dziwe laling'ono. Ngati pafupi ndi mosungiramo si anati, m'pofunika bungwe nokha - mwachitsanzo, mwa zisanu lita pulasitiki botolo buku. Thirani kuyenda pansi pa kapangidwe nkhuni, miyala, mtedza, ndi zina zotero. N., Kenaka yikani madzi onse ndi kuvala chisanu. Pambuyo kuzizira pansi wosanjikiza mandala ayezi zinthu zonse zidzakhala bwino kuwoneka.

Pamenepo maso a ana amawaza ayezi ndi chisanu ndi nkhani za botolo yomweyo pamaso. Zachitikiranji zimenezi? Ndi yosavuta - chisanu, ayezi, mosiyana, opaque.

Kuonjezera phindu la zatsopano chidziwitso, imodzi zotheka kufotokozera ana ndi zina wa chisanu (flowability, friability, softness) ndi ayezi (fragility, brittleness, kuuma). Tchulani ndi kuthekera choipa kuchokera konsekonse lakuthwa wa zidutswa za ayezi, ndi kufunika samalani.

Monga Santa Claus atipatsa ife mazenera

Kuyesera 8. Aliyense anaona chisanu pa mawindo a. Tiyeni tiyese kusewera iwo mu "zasayansi" zinthu. M'malo windowpane kutenga chidutswa cha pulasitiki kapena mbale youma galasi, umene m'malo zenera wathu. Wina muyenera chikho cha madzi otentha, ndipo zosiyanasiyana burashi makulidwe. Nyengo pa tsiku la kuyesera ayenera frosty ndithu.

Zimatengera ana kokayenda, kuwachenjeza kuti adzakhala wobadwanso mwa Santa Claus. Ngati ana ali kale wamkulu mokwanira, tikhoza kukambirana pasadakhale chiwembu cha pa chithunzi m'tsogolo, ndipo ngakhale kulenga sewero pa pepala.

Kamodzi kunja, wouma chisanadze napukuta pamwamba pa galasi ndi chitsanzo burashi molondola ntchito madzi otentha. Tiyenera kuyesetsa msanga lisanafike mantha madzi. Re-kuchititsa burashi pa malo omwewo sayenera, koma pambuyo kuzizira fano, mungathe kubwereza ndondomeko komanso kupanga mizere onse ali thicker ndi zambiri noticeable.

Mosakayikira, pali zinthu zatsopano zina ndi ayezi. Chinachake chimene inu mukhoza kubwera ndi okha. Chinthu chachikulu - kukamuukitsa ndiponso kukhala ndi chidwi cha ana zachilendo ndipo zosiyanasiyana zochitika zachilengedwe zotero!