Zilandiridwenso ndi yonena za Veronica Tushnova

Tushnova Veronika Mihaylovna - wotchuka Russian ndakatulo. moyo oyambitsa ake ndakatulo wodzazidwa ndi lyricism ndi ulemu osayembekezekawa chikondi.

A mbadwa ya Kazan anakulira pulofesa mankhwala banja Tushnova Mikhail Pavlovich ndi Postnikovoy Aleksandry Georgievny.

1911 kapena 1915?

Tsiku boma la kubadwa otchulidwa autobiography wake, nkhani mbiri ndi tombstone a ndakatulo iyi, akuti ndi 14 March mu 1915. Komabe, malinga ndi zipangizo za Kazan Gorky zolembalemba Museum ndi lofalitsidwa Kutolere ndakatulo "Pakuti mukhoza kupereka chilichonse," amene ali woyambitsa wa mwana wamkazi wa Veronica Tushnova - Natalia Rozinsky, izo ananena kuti tsiku lenileni la kubadwa kwa Chikhulupiriro Tushnova ndi 27 pa March 1911 chaka. deti limeneli zikusonyezedwa Tingafinye ku m'kaundula la kubereka, kutsimikizira anabatizidwa mu 1911. Komanso thandizo la ichi ndi chakuti kusukulu iye anamaliza mu 1928; M'chaka chomwecho anakhala wophunzira wa Medical la Yunivesite ya Kazan, limene palibe njira zinatheka mu zaka 13.

Wambiri Veronica Tushnova

banja Vera pamaso zitasintha anakhala bwino, ndiyeno zonse zinagwa. Mu Maulendo Ake Chikhulupiriro mayi amabisa kuchokera pa moto mu zapansi, kuzungulira amayaka zonse ndi maseche. Malungo, njala, nkhondo yapachiweniweni, imfa ndi chiwonongeko, kubera mphamvu Soviet, ndi moyo modzichepetsa malipiro bambo.

Ku m'badwo woyambirira Veronika Tushnova, amene mbiri ya moyo anali kugwirizana ndi ndakatulo, ankakonda ndakatulo ndi kupenta, kulemba ndakatulo anayamba oyambirira. The mtsikana anakonda kuthamanga nsapato pa udzu, atagona pa phiri yatcheredwa ndi daisies, kugwira kuwala kwa dzuwa m'dzanja la dzanja lanu ndipo penyani dziko ndi Tweet wake, kuimba kukwawa anthu. Chinthu chidwi kwambiri ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi malingaliro a ana, Veronica anakonza kanjedza kapena mizere andakatulo amene anali kubisala kwa bambo ake, amene amaona tsogolo la mwana wake yekhayo a zachipatala.

zolembalemba chiyambi

Sukulu nambala 14 Radischev ndi kuchuluka kuphunzira zilankhulo, kumene anakaphunzira Chikhulupiriro chimodzi cha mabungwe yabwino mzinda wa Kazan, n'zosadabwitsa kuti mwakhama wophunzira lamulo wabwino wa English ndi French. Ndi bwinonso kupereka wophunzira mabuku luntha lake mderali anaona mphunzitsi wa sukulu Skvortsov Boris Nikolaevich, nthawi zambiri kuwerenga mokweza Tushnova ntchito monga chitsanzo.

Komanso anaumirira wa bambo ake, omwe anali yodziwika ndi lamphamvu, amanena, wankhanza khalidwe, Vera mu 1928 anadzakhala wophunzira wa Medical luso la Institute. Mu 1931, mogwirizana ndi kuikidwa kwa kholo ntchito ina, makolo ake anasamukira ku likulu, mu nyumba pa Novinsky Boulevard, analandira chithandizo ake a zachipatala, ndipo mu 1936, pambuyo pa imfa ya Mikhail Pavlovich - mu Leningrad, kumene Vera anapitirizabe kuphunzira ndipo iye analandira digiri zachipatala. zaka zinai za kuphunzira kwa mtsikana zinali zokwanira kumvetsa fallacy za zisankho moyo. Iye anali ndi kukonda anali makalasi ankafuna kupenta ndi ndakatulo pa kulemba. Mu 1938, Vera anakwatira wotchuka zamaganizo Yuriya Rozinskogo, amene anabereka mwana wamkazi Natalia mu 1939. Komabe, ukwati woyamba anali zakanthawi ndipo mwamsanga anakomoka. anali chifukwa cha izi zomwe - palibe amene akudziwa: zokhudza zochitika za mtima, mwatsoka, wanena sanapulumuke; Mwina ambiri membala chete wa banja Faith.

Buku loyamba

Ndakatulo Veronica Tushnova, anayamba kulemba oyambirira, iyambe kufalitsidwa mu 1938; mu unawonongedwa nthawi ndakatulo analowa moyo wake mpaka muyaya. Mu 1941, mtsikana akufuna kwambiri ndi mwaukadaulo chinkhoswe ndakatulo ndi philology, pasukulu ku Institute of Literature dzina la limakhulupirira Gorky, koma kubera nkhondo kukhale kovuta kudziwa. Ndi amayi odwala ndi mwana (bambo ake atafa kale), anasamukira ku Kazan, kumene ndinapeza ntchito ku chipatala neurosurgical asilikali ovulala wa Red Army kuchipatala dokotala. Wambiri Veronica Tushnova anapitiriza lolemera, yotopetsa ntchito, musavutike kuchita: ". Dokotala ndi kope" mu usiku kosangalatsa mtsikana nthawi zonse kulemba chinachake, chimene odwala anamsemera dzina lake M'nyengo yozizira ya 1943 anabwerera ku Moscow monga dokotala-ntchitoyi ku chipatala. Mu 1944, mu buku la "New World" linasindikizidwa ndakatulo yake "The Opaleshoni" anadzipereka ku NL Chistyakov - ntchito anakumana Aesculapius, mnzake ake ku chipatala. Mu 1944, mu "Komsomolskaya Pravda" linasindikizidwa ndi vuto la "ndakatulo za aakazi 'bwino analandira mwa amaŵerenga lapansi.

Zilandiridwenso Veronica Tushnova

"Choyamba Book", lofalitsidwa ndi yofalitsa "Young Alonda" mu 1945, chinali kuwonekera koyamba kugulu Kutolere ndakatulo, ndi ndakatulo Chikhulupiriro wazaka 29 zakubadwa. Latsopano ndakatulo dzina amakhalabe pafupifupi padera ndi kudzudzulidwa ambuye zokhudza mabuku. Otsutsa anaitenga pretentious ndakatulo ndi nkhambakamwa chabe. Zosonkhanitsira lotsatira, "Way msewu", amene ndakatulo Veronica Tushnova anakaikira chifukwa choopa nthabwala coarse, linasindikizidwa zaka 9 kenako mu 1954; ndakatulo chabe sanayese n'komwe kumasula ana awo mu kuwala.

bukuli analembedwa zochokera maulendo kuzungulira dziko, motsogozedwa ndi ndakatulo ndi chibwenzi anthu atsopano, lowala lidzaonekera, chosiyana m'mlengalenga ndege, okwerera sitima ndi sitima. Poganizira, kuonerera ndi zokumana kuyenda organically nsalu mu chikondi, ndi mitu m'nyimbo. Koma ngakhale zopindika ichi deta otsutsawo ankaona, kupatula kuti Tushnova sanapezeke mawu ake ndi munthu yake yolenga. Koma owerenga mosavuta ndi modzipereka analandira mawu maganizo, kwambiri zachikazi ndi wosakhwima.

Makumi asanu pa moyo wa ndakatulo iyi

Onse a zaka khumi chete poetess Veronica Tushnova, amene yonena ndi chenicheni chidwi admirers ya ntchito yake, zovuta ndi m'ndendemo: kulemba essays mu nyuzipepala, pa Institute zolembalemba anatsogolera msonkhano kulenga anadzudzula kusindikiza nyumba "Zabodza", lotembenuzidwa mwangwiro ndi Pony Rabindranath Tagore. Pa zaka zonsezi, Veronica anali kufunafuna yekha ndakatulo: chowawa wovuta zambiri chimasowa kugunda. Mu 1952, ndakatulo "Njira ya ku Klukhori", amene ali m'bukuli analembedwa mu 1954 ndipo moni bwino otsutsa; owerenga masiku ano amaona mu mizere ntchito zina kamvekedwe silikuyenda bwino, mwadala kotero mlendo kwa ndakatulo ndi losafuna kudzikweza, bathos ndi kufuna lonse - m'ndandanda wa chibadidwe tsopano aiwala ndakatulo Soviet.

Sindikukana iye, wachikondi ...

The ndakatulo wotchuka Tushnova - "sindikukana iye chikondi." nyimbo yoyamba pa nyimbo Minkov Mark adawomba mu ntchito ya Pushkin Moscow Theatre mu 1976; kugunda mokhumudwa zaka zambirimbiri, apangana Alla Pugacheva mu 1977. The prima Donna a nsanja Russian limatcha zimenezi nyimbo zikuluzikulu repertoire wake, ndipo anavomera kuti kuphedwa kwa mtima wake wothinikizidwa, ndipo maso ake adamva ndi misozi.

Tsikulo otsiriza chikondi

Ndakatulo Veronica Tushnova shrill Echo mu mtima wa wina aliyense amene awerenga, kumbukirani mphindi achimwemwe ndi mphindi owawa, wake "Mkuntho" amene amaona Ndime inexorable nthawi ndi naively amakhulupirira chimwemwe.

Ndipo mudzakhala, pamene kuli mdima,
Pamene Mkuntho kugunda galasi ...
Pamene mukukumbukira zimene kale
Kodi ife kutenthetsa kwa wina ndi mzake!

mizere, anaphunzira ndi liwonerere owerenga ambiri, Vera Mikhailovna anabweretsa kutchuka ndakatulo mawu wabweza msinkhu, mphamvu ndi chikhulupiriro. Ndi pazipita chidzalo wakuthwa mawu wolemba unaululidwa mu zaka zomalizira za moyo wake: zinali buku Veronica Tushnova "Chachiwiri Mpweya", "Memory Mtima 'ndi" zana limodzi Maola Chimwemwe "- pa tsikulo amakonda atsopano, lolembedwa ndi wolemba ndakatulo iyi pa matenda oopsa.

Mu ntchito izi bwinobwino akulongosola chimwemwe ndi chisoni, chiyembekezo ndi imfa, yalelo. Iwo Veronica Tushnova, mbiri, ndi amene lero ndi chidwi chenicheni pa mbali ya achinyamata, izo zimanyezimiritsa pa asapita kwambiri anthu ndi chikondi mkulu.

Mtima Drama Chikhulupiriro Tushnova

Photo Veronica Tushnova momveka bwino amapereka wapadzadziko chithumwa wokongola atsitsi lakuda mkazi uyu ndi maso achisoni zofiirira, lomwe aliyense wotchedwa "kum'maŵa kukongola"; ndakatulo mokweza analankhula za chikondi ndipo anapempha ubale weniweni anthu. ndakatulo yake m'badwo wonse wa atsikana tikafike Chikondi; poetess iye anakumana mtima sewero. Chikondi Veronica Tushnova mbu, wogawanika, anatsimikizira mumangire chifukwa mtima wa wokondeka a mkazi wina.

Alexander Yashin ndi Veronica Tushnova

Personal Moyo wa Veronique Tushnova - chimwemwe chake ndi matsoka ake. Ndi ndakatulo Alexander Yashin - munthu ndi khalidwe yowala Russian, mtima lonse, kuyesera kuti akomere ululu ndi chisoni ngati munthu mmodzi, ndi Lathu lonse - tsoka ake anabweretsa pambuyo wachiwiri analephera ukwati ndi wasayansi Yuriem Timofeevym (kapena pa?). Wambiri Veronica Tushnova kusunga mwatsatanetsatane mabanja awiri analephera; kukwatiwa ndi mwamuna wake wachiwiri, iye anakhala zaka 10, koma amuna iye zoyenera mizere mokhudza monga Yashin - yekha adakonda kwenikweni.

Iye anakwatiwa ndi ana asanu ndipo sanathe kusiya banja lake. Mwina, ndi Vera sanathe kusankha kugwirizana ndi izo tsoka, chifukwa njira zimenezi zingakhale zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri kuposa osangalala. anadwala anakonda mochenjera ndi bwinobwino, ndikudalira maganizo awo mizere tetrad analengedwa mu kuvutika kwambiri ndipo akhale osangalala.

Mmodzi tsogolo awiri

Alexander - wokongola ndi wokongola munthu, zinali zovuta kuti muzindikire monyadira anabzala mphuno lalikulu, milomo woonda lobaya pansi masharubu bwino manicured wofiira ndi maso kuboola ndi olimbikira wachisoni wotopa squint. Wake azidzidalira ndi wachikoka zosaneneka anagonjetsa Veronica. Ena owerenga ndakatulo yake pali kumverera kuti iwo kugwira mu manja awo wamagazi, kugunda mtima, kuyesera kuti konzekera manja ake ndi wachikondi wake.

Veronica ndi Alexander anabadwa tsiku lomwelo. Malinga ndi nthano, miyoyo ya anthu amenewa ndi ofanana kwambiri. Mwina awiri, linali tsoka chomwecho? "N'chifukwa chiyani anthu ambiri? Chifukwa palibe munthu sangakhoze? "- mawu a Veronica wa buku lomaliza, odzipatulira kwa Yashin.

Okonda azifunana, anakumana mobisa mu mahotela ena, m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana, akungoyendayenda m'misewu lachilendo, anapita ku nkhalango, akugona mu manyumba ogona. Atabwerera ku likulu sitima, pa pempho la wokondedwa Veronica nthawi kusiya angapo imasiya msanga, kuti adzagwidwe limodzi m'maso bwino. Ngakhale kuti anthu anayesetsa, kusunga chinsinsi ubale sizinagwire ntchito. Banja Yashin chikondi chake chinali tsoka lonse, amene anadzudzula anzake wolemba ndakatulo wa. buku limeneli sanali kudzamalizira kulowa mosangalala: ogumuka anali chinakonzedweratu ndipo mosalephera.

ndikumbukireni

M'chaka cha 1965 ndakatulo anadwala kwambiri ndipo anagonekedwa m'chipatala. Mu masiku otsiriza asanachoke iye analetsa Yashin tiyeni mu chipinda wake: anafuna anakumbukira kuti zosangalatsa, okongola ndi ojijirika. Tushnova Veronika Mihaylovna anafa July 7, 1965 khansa ndi ku kukhumba mumamva chifukwa cha chikondi cha moyo wake - munthu amene anakaikira momvetsa, komabe anaganiza kuti amasule chimwemwe dzanja. Iye anaikidwa m'manda pamodzi ndi makolo ake pa za kumanda Vagankovsky.

Loss ankakonda Alexander anasintha, ankaoneka kuti amasulidwe, kudzibisa maganizo awo, ndi kukhala nawo mantha, moonekera kuthera Veronica mavesi, Sankadziwa kuti nthawi yochepa kwambiri kumanzere kwa moyo. Alexander Yashin anamwalira patapita zaka zitatu, komanso khansa. Wambiri Veronica Tushnova kwathunthu m'kukoma ndakatulo yake, lomwe anadziwika mapulani nyimbo ndi nyimbo mumaikonda.