Zinthu Emergency ana: choipa, zilonda zamoto, poizoni. zadzidzidzi

matupi Ana zimasiyana wamkulu awo lizigwira ungwiro. Ichi ndi chimene chimachititsa chiopsezo ake okwezeka ndi chiwopsezo kuti chikoka cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana negative. Poyerekezera ndi anthu aakulu, zinthu pangozi ana nthawi zambiri wamba. Chowathandiza amadalira kwathunthu thandizo zolondola choyamba. Nkhaniyi anayamba zambiri mwadzidzidzi mankhwala ndi chithandizo choyamba, chimene chimafuna wovulalayo.

Lingaliro la zinthu zadzidzidzi

Emergency zinthu ana - ndi kukhalapo zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zimene zingawononge moyo wa wodwala wamng'ono. Zikatero pamafunika yomweyo chithandizo mwadzidzidzi ku yobereka ake kudzadalira moyo wa munthu wamng'ono.

Maziko kuthandiza ana kuika mfundo zikuluzikulu: "Kodi kupweteka." Nthawi zambiri makolo (ndi medics zingachitike) amalakwitsa posankha mlingo wa mankhwala, bwino kuphatikiza mankhwala kupatsidwa mankhwala, amene ndiye, mu chipatala, kukhale kovuta kukonza matenda.

Ngati pali zinthu pangozi ana, ayenera yomweyo chithandizo, chifukwa akuchedwa zikhoza kukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri.

Features wa thupi, zinanso kuti chitukuko cha zinthu zadzidzidzi

Ndili wamng'ono ana ena mwa zinthu mu dongosolo ndi chitukuko cha machitidwe limba zimene zimachititsa chakuti zinthu zofuna mwamsanga kuchipatala, zimachitika kwambiri kawirikawiri.

1. Ngati tikambirana dongosolo mtima, n'zotheka kuti asonyeze mbali zotsatirazi:

• Ana miyezi iwiri moyo chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mtima lamanja ndi lamanzere ndi elongation yaing'ono, umene n'zotheka kuti chitukuko cha kulephera kumanzere yamitsempha yamagazi.
• Kutalika chachikulu systole kuti predisposes bwino mtima.
• M'goli yakucha a dongosolo conduction ndi minofu mtima, kupanda ungwiro wa lamulo reflex za mtima kungachititse kuti zipolowe kuja mungoli mtima.
• Zipangizozo bwino anayamba minofu wosanjikiza mu makope m'mapapo mwanga, amene chingachititse chitukuko cha matenda oopsa m'mapapo mwanga.
• Ambiri permeability wa capillaries m'mapapo mwanga predisposes kuti edema m'mapapo mwanga, anapatsidwa vuto la mu atrium anachoka mu nthawi 2 zosakwana akuluakulu.
• Ngakhale ndi kuchepa pang'ono mu buku la kufalitsidwa magazi anayamba zizindikiro matenda a kutaika kwa magazi.
• ubongo amapeza aziwapatsa magazi, magazi ndi ubongo chotchinga ali ndi permeability okwezeka amene facilitates Ndime ya poizoni, poizoni ndi mavairasi kuti zimafala m'magazi. Ndipo kungachititse kuti kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.
• Zovuta outflow magazi venous amalenga onse a kutupa ubongo ndi kudzikundikira madzimadzi, amene amaika kupanikiza pa ubongo minofu.

2. Dongosolo kupuma ndi si angwiro;

• Achepetse kholingo trachea ndi bronchi, chitukuko ofooka awo ulusi zotanuka ndi minofu, ndi softness wa chichereŵechereŵe kuwonjezera kwambiri magazi polenga preconditions pa chitukuko cha matenda yotupa wa Airways.
• okha kwambiri angathe compensatory ndi kuwonjezeka osefukira voliyumu ndi mlingo kupuma chifukwa kapangidwe wapadera wa pachifuwa.
• Tifotokozereni ntchito ya minofu zaminyewa wa bronchi ndi underdeveloped, ofooka chifuwa reflex, zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito poteteza pokhudzana ndi matenda m'thupi mwana.

3. mantha dongosolo ali zotsatirazi mbali;

• The kotekisi oziziritsa akadali aang'ono kusiyanitsidwa, izo kwenikweni pa mbali zakuya za wamanjenje dongosolo, koma akwera reticular mapangidwe ndi kamvekedwe osakhala, amene amathandiza akakufunsani zochita ubongo.
• Ntchito mkulu wa hippocampus ndi predisposes kuti maonekedwe a khunyu.
• Chimaonetsa mmene mantha dongosolo wachifundo, kotero ana zimakhala zotumphukira magazi, sachedwa hyperthermia, tachypnea.

mbali zonse izi zimathandiza chakuti zinthu pangozi ana ndi zambiri wamba kuposa akuluakulu ndipo amafuna chisamaliro matendawo.

Zizindikiro amene amafuna chithandizo mwamsanga

Makolo ambiri kuteteza wa thanzi la ana awo, ndi pa zolakwika pang'ono kutsazikana mafoni madokotala, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala Moms ndi abambo ndi kwachabe. Komabe, dokotala aliyense akhoza mayina zizindikiro zochepa zosonyeza kuti mwana amene akufunika thandizo thandizo kuchipatala. Kuti zinthu monga:

1. Mkulu kuwerenga pa thermometer Mwachitsanzo, kutentha pafupifupi 39 madigiri, makamaka pamene atalandira antipyretics izo yafupika nthawi yochepa ndi zokwawa kachiwiri.
2. Kusanza nthawi iliyonse amafuna m'malo madzimadzi, ndi pamene zimangokhala yosayima, muyenera thandizo mwamsanga. Zimenezi zingadzetse madzi m'thupi, zomwe ndi owopsa kwa mwanayo. Kuwonjezera kusanza kungakhale chizindikiro cha pathologies lalikulu, monga appendicitis, matenda a njira ya mkodzo dongosolo, matumbo kutsekeka.
3. Madzi m'thupi angayambe MOSATIZANA m'mimba kwambiri, zomwe ndi kusiya. Zikatero, kachiwiri, amafunika chisamaliro mwamsanga madokotala.
4. Kuvutika kupuma. Iwo akhoza kuoneka chifukwa cha kugwa mu airway thupi yachilendo kapena chitukuko cha mphumu.
5. Ngati ndowe za mwanayo anali clumps kapena milozo magazi, kungasonyeze chiyambi cha magazi mkati, ndipo m'dera zimene - yekha dokotala tingadziwire.
6. Khunyu, mwadzidzidzi ndewu, kapena kugona zingasonyeze pamaso pa choipa ubongo zoopsa. chisamaliro Emergency m'mavuto oterewa ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga.
7. Ntchito mapiritsi, zipangizo zosiyanasiyana mankhwala, limene mwana ali nduna mankhwala kunyumba. Ambiri osokoneza angayambe mwamsanga mokwanira, ndipo palibe munthu adziwa kuchita mwana thupi pa njira, choncho m'pofunika mwachangu imbirani dotolo.

Moms Ambiri amaganiza mwachilengedwe pamene mwana wawo uli pangozi, ndipo pamene n'zotheka osati mantha, ndi kutenga miyeso kutero.

thandizo kwa kuvulala ubongo zoopsa

ana ang'ono kugwa zambiri zokwanira, koma kugwa kungachititse choipa lalikulu mutu. Ngati mwana anagwa kuchokera msinkhu waung'ono, mwachitsanzo, bedi, ndiye zambiri, mpaka sadzafika, koma kugwa pantsi akukhudza kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri makolo kwambiri kuchepetsa mphamvu ya utsi ndi kusiya nyenyeswa zosasamaliridwa pa kusintha tebulo. Nthawi zina maminiti pang'ono chabe, ndipo kuti mwanayo ali pansi. Ngati mwana kugunda mutu wake, m'pofunika kuti awaonetse dokotala. Zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zikuonetsa zoopsa choipa ubongo ndi:

• imfa ya chikumbumtima;
• zizindikiro zoonekeratu kuwonongeka pa mutu;
• kunyansidwa ndi kusanza.

Atagwa hematoma intracranial akhoza kupangidwa, kukhalapo kwa amene amanena zinthu zotsatirazi:

• smoothes makutu nasolabial;
• yafupika bongo tendon;
• bradycardia;
• chilankhulo kupatuka.

chisamaliro Emergency mu nkhani iyi ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga, mwinamwake zingathe kudzetsa kulephera. Icho chiri motere:

1. Kutembenukira mtima ndi kusunga pa mpumulo.
2. Ngati kusokonezedwa kupuma, muyenera ntchito ritsa.
3. Ngati palibe manyazi, mwana ayenera kuvala kumanja.
4. Suctioned peyala ntchofu pakamwa.
5. Ngati pali overdriving amphamvu, n'zotheka kuti atchule 0,25% droperidol yankho pa 0.2 ml ya pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi.

Pambuyo thandizo kuchipatala ana ayenera idzachitika ndithu. Ngati mwana udzamugwere, si kofunika ndikuyembekeza, kuti onse palokha zidzachitika, ndi bwino mukulimbana kamodzinso.

kuvulala diso

Ngati mudzagwa zambiri kuyenda akhoza kukhumudwa pa chinthu lakuthwa ndi kuvulaza diso. mwakayakaya Ocular mwina kudzera, pamene zigawo zonse kuonongeka ndi malaya. Kulongosola mmene kuwonongeka ndi kupereka thandizo lofunika mwana kuyesetsa panopa kuti atumize bungwe apadera.

Small diso choipa angayambe pambuyo kukhudzana ndi zinthu zakunja, amene kuchotsa ayeneranso kulimbana ndi optometrist. mwana A mukhoza kutenga ndi diso yoyaka, izi zimachitika kaŵirikaŵiri moto kapena pambuyo anathetsera kusasamalira mankhwala. Mwadzidzidzi muyenera muzimutsuka maso ndi madzi kukapanda kuleka akuthamanga "sulfacetamide," ndiyeno kusonyeza mwana kwa dokotala.

Kuthandiza kwenikweni chifukwa anachedwa mankhwala kapena kunyalanyaza vuto ungabweretse khungu.

Thandizeni vuto la poizoni

Kids - mafani nthawizonse chinachake kukokera pa kamwa, kotero poyizoni wa zimachitika kawirikawiri. chifukwa zingakhale:

• Various mankhwala zinthu kuti mwana amangotchula kuponyedwa khitchini kapena m'chimbudzi.
• Mapiritsi a zida kunyumba.
• Bowa ndi zina.

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti makolo sadziwa zimene poizoni mwana wawo, ndipo iye anati iye sangakhoze panobe. Thandizo zinthu mwamsanga mtundu ayenera okha zotsatirazi:

1. Ngati chinthu poizoni akulowa khungu, zikhale zabwino kuchichapa pansi madzi ndipo pakani mafuta kirimu kapena mafuta.
2. Mu nkhani ya kukhudzana ndi maso muzimutsuka iwo, ntchito bandeji wosabala ndi kupita kwa dokotala.
3. Ngati panali mpweya monoxide poizoni, munthuyo ayenera mpweya. Ngati kupuma mabasi zofunika kubera ndi CPR ambulansi.
4. Pambuyo kukhudzana ndi mankhwala poizoni mkati m'pofunika woyamba wa zonse zoyambitsa kusanza ndi m'mimba wosambitsa ndi yankho la permanganate potaziyamu.

Izi ziyenera kukhala thandizo chisanadze mankhwala pakakhala ana, ngati poizoni. Onse njira ina anachita ndi dokotala kuchipatala komwe mukufuna kupulumutsa mwana.

amayaka

Ngati inu pitani amayaka mayunitsi kapena malo, inu akhoza kungoyankha koonekeratu kuti chiwerengero cha ana amene ali kumeneko. Nthawi zambiri, ndi amene anachita zonsezi ndi makolo okha. Mosasamala kumanzere m'mphepete mwa gome ndi mphika wa madzi otentha mpirawu mu kuchitiridwa mwana - ndi amene ali patsogolo vuto kwenikweni pa dzanja. Baby chabe kukokera m'mphepete mwa thanki ndi madzi otentha amatsanulira iye kuchokera kumutu mpaka chala. Osasamala mayi yekha akathyole mutu wake ndi mkokomo ku chipatala ndi mwana.

Pambuyo ndiyotani anatentha ayenera yomweyo amapereka thandizo loyamba kwa mwanayo. PMP ili ngati amayaka:

• Padziko anavulala kuika bandeji kwa furatsilinom kapena novocaine.
• Mkati mukhoza kupereka mankhwala mankhwala ochititsa.
• Ngati nyumba ali Burns utsi kapena gel osakaniza, mwachitsanzo, "Panthenol", "Livian", m'pofunika kuchitira chilonda.

Ngati mwana yopsereza dera lalikulu la thupi, PMP ndi amayaka ayenera kupatsidwa yekha m'chipatala.

Kuvulala Ana

Ambiri mwa ana chifukwa cha msinkhu wawo ndi chidwi kwambiri, iwo nthawizonse chinachake kufufuza, pafupifupi atakhala pa malo amodzi. Pezani zosiyanasiyana kuvulala - kwa iwo pushover. Pakati kuwonongeka ndi chotero kuti ndingathe kuthana ndi makolo, ndi zina simungakhoze kuchita popanda ambulansi ndi:

1. Mabala. Ana kusewera ndi zinthu lakuthwa, makamaka anyamata, kotero kuti choipa ichi mosavuta. Ngati mwana unasemedwa, ndiye woyamba wa zonse m'pofunika kusambitsana chilonda bwino ndi kuchitira wothandizila septic, monga wa hydrogen peroxide. Seŵenzetsani bandeji wosabala. Ngati zoipa kwambiri kotero kuti amataya magazi likuyamba, thandizo akudalira ngati chotengera lawonongeka. Wolumikizira magazi kumafuna tourniquet, ndi venous psinjika bandeji ndi mphamvu zokwanira.
2. Dislocations ndi sprains zambiri amakhala ana, zomwe sizodabwitsa anapatsidwa sayenda awo. M'pofunika ntchito ayezi ku malo anavulala, kutsatira bandeji ndi kupita traumatologist ndi kulongosola bwino mtundu wa choipa. Chinthu chachikulu - nthawi kudziwa wovulala kuti athandize wogwira.
3. Wovulala. kuvulala chotero sakhala kwambiri kwa ana chifukwa mafupa awo organic zili nkhani kuposa mchere, kotero mafupa ana kusintha. Koma onse zofanana, ndipo ngati kuvulala zikuchitika. Ngati mukukayikira wovulala n'kofunika kugwetsa nthambi anavulala kuteteza kusamutsidwa kwa mafupa, ndi kupita kuchipatala ngati kungatheke. Mukhoza itanani ambulansi. Chipatala zoopsa amatenga chithunzi kulongosola bwino fupa lothyoka malo ndi aikiwa mu pulasitala.

akukomoka

Matenda a zinthu pangozi ana ayenera kukhala osachepera pang'ono, koma ndi bwino kuti makolo kotero kuti angathe nthawi kutsatira amasamalidwa zofunika mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, ngati khungu amakhala kwambiri wotumbululuka, amachita thukuta ozizira, chizungulire limapezeka, kungakhale chizindikiro cha chiwonongeko chikubwerachi syncope.

Amataya chikumbumtima mwana mulole, pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana:

• Amphamvu mpira;
• mantha;
• kutopa;
• kutentha kapena sunstroke, makamaka umakhala wofunika m'nyengo yotentha;
• ngati zinasintha malo yopingasa kwa ofukula;
• ngati mwana kugunda mutu wake, zikhoza kuchititsa imfa ya chikumbumtima.

Makolo ayenera kudziwa zimene thandizo m'pofunika kukhala mwana zinthu izi:

1. Kuwaza nkhope ndi madzi ozizira.
2. Mukhoza kubweretsa mphuno thonje ubweya ankawaviika ndi ammonia.
3. Pukutani kachasu kununkhiza salt.
4. Onetsetsani kuti mutu ayenera kugona pa mbali wanu, chifukwa nthawi zambiri ngati boma akusanza.
5. Popeza amoniya akhoza pogaya makutu mosavuta pa manja, mphuno.
6. Pambuyo mwana akubwerera kutsitsimuka, kumupatsa nthawi yokwanira yopuma komanso kumwa tiyi ofunda.

Ngati kukomoka kumachitika chifukwa ena osadziwika, muyenera kuona dokotala mwamsanga, kotero kuti muphonye chitukuko cha kudwala kwambiri.

Pomaliza

Kuyambira izi zonse Ndizachidziwikire kuti, poyerekeza ndi akulu, savutika ndi matenda pangozi ana. thandizo ana ayenera kupatsidwa mwamsanga, kupewa chitukuko cha mavuto aakulu. Choyamba tiyenera kukhala makolo tcheru, chifukwa, kuti ndikhale woonamtima, ambiri a ana akuvutika chosasamala ndi losasamala khalidwe la akulu.

Kuteteza ana anu m'dera lawo Kuphunzira zinthu zonse woopsawo ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndiye inu simusowa kuti itanani ambulansi kuti apulumutse mwana.